scholarly journals Relation between both oxidative and metabolic-osmotic cell damages and initial injury severity in bombing casualties

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Vuceljic ◽  
Gordana Zunic ◽  
Predrag Romic ◽  
Miodrag Jevtic
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Cellular Membrane ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Oxidative Damages ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
Initial Injury ◽  
Initial Severity

Background/Aim. We have recently reported the development of oxidative cell damages in bombing casualties within a very early period after the initial injury. The aim of this study, was to investigate malondialdehyde (MDA), as an indicator of lipid peroxidation, and osmolal gap (OG), as a good indicator of metabolic cell damages and to assess their relationship with the initial severity of the injury in bombing casualties. Methods. The study included the males (n = 52), injured during the bombing with the Injury Severity Score (ISS) ranging from 3 to 66. The whole group of casualties was devided into a group of less severely (ISS < 25, n = 24) and a group of severely (ISS ? 26, n = 28) injured males. The uninjured volunteers (n = 10) were the controls. Osmolality, MDA, sodium, glucose, urea, creatinine, total bilirubin and total protein levels were measured in the venous blood, sampled daily, within a ten-day period. Results. In both groups of casualties, MDA and OG levels increased, total protein levels decreased, while other parameters were within the control limits. MDA alterations correlated with ISS (r = 0.414, p < 0.01), while a statistically significant correlation between OG and ISS was not obtained. Interestingly, in spite of some differences in MDA and OG trends, at the end of the examined period they were at the similar level in both groups. Conclusion. The initial oxidative damages of the cellular membrane with intracellular metabolic disorders contributed to the gradual development of metabolic-osmotic damages of cells, which, consequently caused the OG increase. In the bombing casualties, oxidative cell damages were dependent on the initial injury severity, while metabolic-osmotic cell damages were not.

scholarly journals Effect of colostrum composition on passive calf immunity in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Aydogdu ◽  
H. Guzelbektes
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Gamma Glutamyltransferase ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Immunoglobulin Gamma ◽  
Mineral Levels

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of colostrum quality and composition on passive calf immunity in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows. Twenty-four primiparous and 24 multiparous dairy cows were used in this study. Calves born from primiparous dairy cows comprised the first group and calves born from multiparous dairy cows constituted the second group. After birth, colostrum samples were immediately taken from dairy cows. Venous blood samples were collected from the calves before the first colostrum intake and on the 2<sup>nd</sup>, 7<sup>th</sup>, 14<sup>th</sup> and 28<sup>th</sup> days after the first colostrum intake. Blood and colostrum samples were analysed for biochemical parameters, immunoglobulin and mineral levels. Fat and crude protein levels in colostrum were determined using the Gerber and Kjeldahl methods, respectively. Immunoglobulin levels in the colostrum of multiparous cows were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher compared to primiparous cows while fat ratio, LDH activity, Ca, Mg, P and K levels were lower. There was a positive correlation among colostrum immunoglobulin, gamma-glutamyltransferase, crude protein and total protein. Serum immunoglobulin, total protein, globulin and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in all calves were increased following the colostrum feeding. However, the serum immunoglobulin, total protein, globulin and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels in the second group of calves were higher than those of the first group of calves. There was a positive correlation among serum immunoglobulin, gamma-glutamyltransferase, globulin and total protein. Fe concentrations in all calves decreased over the course of 14 days and were lower in the second group of calves compared to the first group. In conclusion, the results of this study show that the colostrum quality of multiparous cows was better than that of primiparous cows. Colostrum crude protein, total protein, gamma-glutamyltransferase along with colostrum immunoglobulin might be used to determine colostrum quality. Serum immunoglobulin, total protein, globulin and gamma-glutamyltransferase activities could be used to determine the passive transfer status of calves.

The Effects of Vitamin K1 and Warfarin on Prothrombin Expression in Human Hepatoblastoma (HepG2) Cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (01) ◽  
pp. 040-047 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Scott Jamison ◽  
Bryan F Burkey ◽  
Sandra J Friezner Degen
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
Maximal Increase ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Warfarin Treatment

SummaryCultures of human hepatoblastoma (HepG2) cells were treated with vitamin K1 or warfarin and prothrombin antigen and mRNA levels were determined. With 3 and 6 h of 10 µg vitamin K1 treatment secreted prothrombin antigen levels, relative to total secreted protein levels, were increased 1.5-fold and 2.1-fold, respectively, over ethanol-treated control levels as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dose-response analysis with 3 h of 25 µg/ml vitamin K1 treatment demonstrated a maximal increase of 2.0-fold in secreted prothrombin antigen levels, relative to total secreted protein levels, over ethanol-treated control levels. Pulse-chase analysis with 35S-methionine and immunoprecipitation of 35S-labelled prothrombin demonstrated that, with vitamin K1 treatment (25 µg/ml, 3 h), the rate of prothrombin secretion increased approximately 2-fold and the total amount (intra- and extracellular) of prothrombin synthesized increased approximately 50% over ethanol-treated control levels. Warfarin treatment (1, 5, or 10 µg/ml, 24 h) resulted in decreases in secreted prothrombin antigen levels, relative to total protein levels to approximately 85%, 87% or 81% of ethanol-treated control levels. Analysis of total RNA isolated from these cultures by Northern and solution hybridization techniques demonstrated that prothrombin mRNA was approximately 2.1 kb and that neither vitamin K1 nor warfarin treatment affected the quantity of prothrombin mRNA (ranging from 240–350 prothrombin mRNA molecules per cell). These results demonstrate that vitamin K1 and warfarin, in addition to effects on γ-carboxylation, affect prothrombin synthesis post-transcriptionally, perhaps influencing translation, post-translational processing and/or secretion mechanisms.

scholarly journals Biochemical Assessment of Renal and Liver Function among Preeclamptics in Lagos Metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Oloruntoba Ayodele Ekun ◽  
Oluwatumininu Mary Olawumi ◽  
Christian Chigozie Makwe ◽  
Nkeiruka Ogochukwu Ogidi
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Specific Syndrome

Objectives. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific syndrome. Studies have shown that preeclampsia has multiorgan dysfunction effects. This study evaluated biomarkers of renal and liver function among preeclamptic Nigerian women. Study Design. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 49 preeclamptic women and 50 normotensive healthy pregnant women. Method. The baseline data comprising age, gestational age, and blood pressure were obtained. Venous blood and spot urine samples were collected from each participant. Plasma obtained from blood samples taken into lithium heparinized vacutainer bottles was assayed for electrolytes, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, and uric acid, while sera samples from blood samples taken into serum separation tube- (SST-) gel vacutainer were assayed for aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase using ion selective electrode technique and Cobas autoanalyzer. Spot urine samples were assayed for protein and creatinine using Pyrogallol’s reagent and Jaffe’s methods, respectively. Microalbuminuria (protein/creatinine ratio) was generated from spot urine protein and creatinine data. Result. The plasma sodium, total protein, and albumin in preeclamptic group were significantly decreased (p<0.05) when compared with control. There was statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in microalbuminuria, plasma potassium, urea, creatinine, uric acid levels, serum AST, and ALT activities in preeclamptic group. A positive association (p<0.05) between alanine aminotransferase and biomarkers of renal function was observed. Conclusion. Preeclampsia has deleterious effects on renal and liver function as shown by alteration of these parameters.

Age-related changes in renal and hepatic cellular mechanisms associated with variations in rat serum thyroid hormone levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (6) ◽  
pp. E1160-E1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Silvestri ◽  
Assunta Lombardi ◽  
Pieter de Lange ◽  
Luigi Schiavo ◽  
Antonia Lanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Monocarboxylate Transporter ◽  
Type I ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Age Related Changes

Aging is associated with changes in thyroid gland physiology. Age-related changes in the contribution of peripheral tissues to thyroid hormone serum levels have yet to be systematically assessed. Here, we investigated age-related alterations in the contributions of the liver and kidney to thyroid hormone homeostasis using 6-, 12-, and 24-mo-old male Wistar rats. A significant and progressive decline in plasma thyroxine occurred with age, but triiodothyronine (T3) was decreased only at 24 mo. This was associated with an unchanged protein level of the thyroid hormone transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) in the kidney and with a decreased MCT8 level in the liver at 24 mo. Hepatic type I deiodinase (D1) protein level and activity declined progressively with age. Renal D1 levels were decreased at both 12 and 24 mo but D1 activity was decreased only at 24 mo. In the liver, no changes occurred in thyroid hormone receptor (TR) TRα1, whereas a progressive increase in TRβ1 occurred at both mRNA and total protein levels. In the kidney, both TRα1 and TRβ1 mRNA and total protein levels were unchanged between 6 and 12 mo but increased at 24 mo. Interestingly, nuclear TRβ1 levels were decreased in both liver and kidney at 12 and 24 mo, whereas nuclear TRα1 levels were unchanged. Collectively, our data show differential age-related changes among hepatic and renal MCT8 and D1 and TR expressions, and they suggest that renal D1 activity is maintained with age to compensate for the decrease in hepatic T3 production.

scholarly journals Investigation of the N-terminal coding region of MUC7 alterations in dentistry students with and without caries

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Koç Öztürk ◽  
A Yarat ◽  
S Akyuz ◽  
H Furuncuoglu ◽  
K Ulucan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Protein Levels

ABSTRACTHuman low-molecular weight salivary mucin (MUC7) is a small, secreted glycoprotein coded by MUC7. In the oral cavity, they inhibit the colonization of oral bacteria, including cariogenic ones, by masking their surface adhesions, thus helping saliva to avoid dental caries. The N-terminal domain is important for low-molecular weight (MG2) mucins to contact with oral microorganisms. In this study, we aimed to identify the N-terminal coding region of the MUC7 gene between individuals with and without caries. Forty-four healthy dental students were enrolled in this study; 24 of them were classified to have caries [decayed, missing, filled-teeth (DMFT) = 5.6] according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, and 20 of them were caries-free (DMFT = 0). Simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) and gingival index (GI) were used to determine the oral hygiene and gingival conditions. Total protein levels and salivary total protein levels and salivary buffer capacity (SBC) were determined by Lowry and Ericsson methods. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood cells of all the participants and genotyping was carried out by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequencing method. No statistical differences were found between two groups in the terms of salivary parameters, oral hygiene and gingival conditions. We detected one common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that leads to a change of asparagine to lysine at codon 80. This substitution was found in 29.0 and 40.0%, respectively, of the groups with and without caries. No other sequence variations were detected. The SNP found in this study may be a specific polymorphism affecting the Turkish population. Further studies with extended numbers are necessary in order to clarify this finding.

SELECTED PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS RESULTING FROM ADDITION OF SODIUM BICARBONATE TO DIETS FOR YEARLING HORSES

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-751
Author(s):  
N. R. DEUEL ◽  
L. M. LAWRENCE ◽  
W. W. ALBERT
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Protein Levels

Sodium bicarbonate or a commercial vitamin-mineral mixture was included at the 1% level (air-dry weight) in the diets of 16 yearling horses over a 140-day period in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Feed additives resulted in a pH range from 5.78 to 7.87 in the concentrate portion of the diets. Feces, urine and venous blood were collected 24 h after feeding the concentrate. Average daily gain, respiration rate, venous pCO2 and pO2, as well as serum K, Cl, Ca, P, urea N and protein levels were unaffected by treatment. Horses receiving the vitamin-mineral supplement had higher serum Na and lower serum glucose concentrations than horses not receiving the supplement. Horses receiving sodium bicarbonate had a higher urine pH, lower fecal pH, higher packed cell volume, lower blood pH and lower serum glucose concentrations at 24 h after a meal than horses not receiving the buffer. Key words: Horse, sodium bicarbonate, dietary supplements, hematology

scholarly journals Kinetics of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and -10, and phospholipase A2-II in severely traumatized septic patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 893-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeljko Lausevic ◽  
Goran Vukovic ◽  
Biljana Stojimirovic ◽  
Jasna Trbojevic-Stankovic ◽  
Vladimir Resanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Septic Complications ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kinetics Of

Background/Aim. Injury-induced anergy is one of the key factors contributing to trauma victims' high susceptibility to sepsis. This group of patients is mostly of young age and it is therefore essential to be able to predict as accurately as possible the development of septic complications, so appropriate treatment could be provided. The aim of this study was to assess kinetics of interleukin (IL) -6 and -10, phospholipase A2- II and C-reactive protein (CRP) in severely traumatized patients and explore the possibilities for early detection of potentially septic patients. Methods. This prospective study included 65 traumatized patients with injury severity score (ISS) > 18, requiring treatment at surgical intensive care units, divided into two groups: 24 patients without sepsis and 41 patients with sepsis. C-reactive protein, IL-6 and -10 and phospholipase A2 group II, were determined within the first 24 hours, and on the second, third and seventh day of hospitalization. Results. Mean values of IL-6 and phospholipase A2-II in the patients with and without sepsis did not show a statistically significant difference on any assessed time points. In the septic patients with ISS 29-35 and > 35 on the days two and seven a statistically significantly lower level of IL-10 was found, compared with those without sepsis and with the same ISS. C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in septic patients with ISS 18-28 on the first day. On the second, third and seventh day CRP levels were significantly lower in the groups of septic patients with ISS 29-35 and > 35, than in those with the same ISS but without sepsis. Conclusion. Mean levels of CRP on the first day after the injury may be useful predictor of sepsis development in traumatized patients with ISS score 18-28. Mean levels of CRP on the days two, three and seven after the injury may be a useful predictor of sepsis development in traumatized patients with ISS score more than 28. Mean levels of IL-10 on the second and seventh day after the injury may be a useful predictor of sepsis development in traumatized patients with ISS score > 28.

scholarly journals Склад крові та його зв'язок із молочною продуктивністю корів різного віку та рівня продуктивності

2013 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Є. Ф. Ткач
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Protein Levels

Викладено результати дослідження біохімічного і морфологічного складу крові корів української чорно-рябої молочної і голштинської порід та його зв’язку з молочною продуктивністю. Досліджено, що рівень молочної продуктивності пов’язаний або знаходиться у прямій залежності від інтенсивності обмінних процесів в організмі тварин. Встановлено позитивний кореляційний зв’язок між загальним білком крові і надоєм корів та між альбумінами і надоєм. Не виявлено закономірного взаємозв’язку між кількістю лейкоцитів і молочною продуктивністю корів обох порід. The article presents the results of biochemical and morphological study of bovine blood of Ukrainian black and white dairy and Holstein breeds and its relationship with milk production. It has been proved that the level of milk production is associated or is in direct proportion to the intensity of metabolism in animals. The positive correlation between total protein levels and milk yield of cows and between albumin and milk yield has been stated. No regular relationship between the number of leukocytes and milk production of cows of both breeds has been revealed.

scholarly journals Early And Late Effects of Radiotherapy on Total Protein Levels of Saliva

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Ayfer Haydaroğlu ◽  
Mustafa Esassolak ◽  
Fatma Kutay ◽  
Nurselen Toygar ◽  
Sevtap Günbay
Keyword(s):  
Late Effects ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Levels
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