scholarly journals Possibility to predict the development of secondary depression in primary alcoholics during abstinence

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 833-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Mandic-Gajic
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
Primary Male ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background/Aim. The relationship between alcoholism and depression is observed in clinical trials. The factors which could predict persistence of secondary depression after alcohol withdrawal are not enough explored on admission. The differences between depressed (DA) and non-depressed (NDA) alcoholics regarding the degrees of severity of withdrawal, severity of depression and the intensity of cognitive dysfunctions were explored on admission to investigate possibility of prediction of the development of secondary depression in alcoholics. Methods. A group of primary male alcoholics (n=86) was recruited during inpatient treatment. After 4 weeks alcoholics were divided in the DA group (n=43) and NDA (n=43) group according to the score on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). Clinical assessment of withdrawal, scoring on the Alcohol Dependency Severity Scale- ASD, and scoring on the Mini Mental Scale-MMSE were performed in all the participants on admission. The differences between the groups were tested by the Student's t-test. Results. The DA group showed the significantly higher severity of depression, higher levels of alcohol withdrawal symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions than the NDA group on admission. Conclusion. The specific group of depressive alcoholics was shown to be characterized by the higher severity of alcoholism and depression on admission, which could predict prolonged, secondary depression. Early detection and concurrent therapy of secondary depression could improve the treatment, and reduce the relapse of alcoholism.

scholarly journals The assessment of personality dimensions, tobacco smoking and depression among tretment-seeking male alcoholics

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-365
Author(s):  
Gordana Mandic-Gajic ◽  
Aleksandar Eror ◽  
Natasa Pjescic ◽  
Mirko Dolic ◽  
Danilo Jokovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Sociodemographic Differences ◽  
Primary Male ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background/Aim. The co-occurrence of depression and tobacco smoking among treated alcoholics is frequent, but understudied. Some findings suggest that there are some shared etiological factors, but a few clinical researches of personality dimensions among patients with these comorbidities were done. The personality dimensions, the pattern of cigarette use and depression and correlation of personality and depression among inpatient alcoholics were explored. Methods. One hundred primary male inpatient alcoholics were consecutively recruited. The eighty-six of them completed study and were compared with 30 age-matched, healthy male subjects. A semi-structured clinical interview related to sociodemographics, the pattern of cigarette and alcohol use and family history data was applied. According to cut-off on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the alcoholics were divided into depressive and non-depressive subgroups resulting in half of alcoholics in each subgroup. The Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) was completed. Student's t-test for differences and Pearson's test for correlation were used. Results. There were no significant sociodemographic differences between groups. Alcoholics were more frequent smokers (86% vs. 50%). They did not start drinking earlier, but they started smoking earlier, with higher daily cigarettes use than controls. On average, alcoholics had mild depression after detoxification. The personality dimensions did not show differences between groups, except neuroticism. The neuroticism showed significantly higher level among alcoholics vs. controls (12.72 ? 5.19 vs. 5.00 ? 3.36 respectively) and among depressive vs. non-depressive alcoholics (15.07 ? 4.89 vs. 10.37 ? 4.40 respectively). The depression correlated only with neuroticism (r = 0.487, p < 0.001). Conclusions. The majority of detoxified alcoholics were smokers who started smoking earlier, with mild depression and higher neuroticism compared to controls. Our results suggest that the alcoholics with high neuroticism may experience higher depression and may require more intensive integrative treatment.

scholarly journals Distances between mandibular posterior teeth and the WALA ridge in Peruvians with normal occlusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Y. Kong-Zárate ◽  
Marcos J. Carruitero ◽  
Will A. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Tooth Type ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Mandibular Posterior Teeth ◽  
Digital Caliper ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: The purposes of this investigation were to determine the horizontal distances between the mandibular posterior teeth and the WALA ridge in a sample of Peruvians with normal occlusion and to compare them by tooth type, sex, arch side, and age groups. Methods: 65 dental casts of subjects with normal occlusion were collected. Posterior teeth, except for third molars, were evaluated. The horizontal distances between the occluso-gingival midpoints of the buccal surfaces (FA points) of each tooth and the WALA ridge were measured using a modified digital caliper. The values between each different tooth type within the sample were compared using the ANOVA and Scheffe tests, while comparisons by sex, arch side and age groups, using the Student’s t-test. Results: The mean distances in the sample was 0.96 mm for first premolars, 1.45 mm for second premolars, 2.12 mm for first molars and 2.55 mm for second molars. Statistically significant differences between each of the four tooth types were found. There were no significant differences found between sex, arch side and age groups. Conclusion: The horizontal distances between the mandibular posterior teeth and the WALA ridge increased progressively from the first premolars to the second molars in Peruvians with normal occlusion. The WALA ridge was a good landmark to evaluate the positions of posterior teeth in Peruvians with normal occlusion.

scholarly journals Intravesical prostaglandin e2 effectiveness in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubo-cervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny: a prospective randomized clinical trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. QUADRI ◽  
N. NATALE ◽  
C. SPREAFICO ◽  
C. BELLONI ◽  
D. BARISANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Intravesical prostaglandin E2 is effective in the recovery of spontaneous voiding after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of intravesical prostaglandin E2 in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. STUDY DESIGN: From November 1996 to June 1999 fifty women underwent the Lahodny procedure for moderate/severe cystocele and stress urinary incontinence. Women were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 study groups: intravesical prostaglandin E2 versus controls. Data obtained were analyzed with the Student t test and the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Two patients of the treatment group had to be excluded from the study, one because of the wrong measurement of the post-voidal residual volume and another due to a fastidious burning sensation which appeared immediately after prostaglandin instillation and required the suspension of the treatment. No other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or hyperthermia were observed. Patients who underwent the prostaglandin E2 treatment showed a recovery of spontaneous voiding after 7.9&plusmn;6.7 days, whereas this interval was significantly longer in the control group, being 12.9&plusmn;9.7 days (p=0.04, Two tailed Unpaired Student's T test). CONCLUSION: The effectiveness and the low associated morbidity mark the treatment with intravesical prostaglandin E2 useful in the recovery of normal voiding after transvaginal pubocervical fascia reconstruction and short arm sling with the procedure according to Lahodny.

scholarly journals Sports potential modeling of young basketball players: a preliminary analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilson Borges Ribeiro Junior ◽  
Jeferson Macedo Vianna ◽  
André de Assis Lauria ◽  
Emerson Filipino Coelho ◽  
Francisco Zacaron Werneck
Keyword(s):  
Adult Height ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
Adult Stature

Abstract The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate the sports potential of young basketball players; 2) to identify variables that discriminate sports potential assessed by coaches; 3) to verifythe relationship between classification of the multidimensional profile of athletes and classification of the sports potential by coaches. Sixty-two young basketball players aged 15.6±1.1 years from U-15 (n = 24) and U-17 (n = 38) categories participated in the study. A test battery was applied to evaluate sports potential indicators: 1) anthropometric; 2) physicomotor; 3) psychological;4) skills;5) socio-environmental;6) maturational and 7) sports potential.Clusteranalysis was performed in three groups: high, medium and low potential. Student’s t-test was used for the comparison between athletes evaluated by the coach as excellent and the others and the Chi-Square test to verify the relationship between sports potential classifications. It was observed that in the high-potential group, athletes were chronologically older, with higher % predicted adult height (PMS), competitive and determined sports orientation, higher body size, lower skinfold summation, and greater physicomotor performance. In comparison with other athletes, high-potential basketball players presented higher stature, wider wingspan,longer limb length, greater predicted adult stature and higher Z score of the % PMS. It could be concluded that the multidimensional approach was useful for the evaluation of the sports potential of young basketball players, requiring the use of multidimensional variables, in addition to coaches’ opinion regarding the potential of their athletes.

scholarly journals Clarifying the two facets of Self-Oriented Perfectionism: influences on affect and the Big Five traits of personality in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-289
Author(s):  
María Vicent ◽  
Cándido J. Inglés ◽  
Ricardo Sanmartín ◽  
Carolina Gonzálvez ◽  
María del Pilar Aparicio-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test

This study analyses the relationship between the perfectionism dimensions, i.e. Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Critical (SOP-C) and Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Striving (SOP-S), and affect and the Big Five traits of personality in a sample of 804 Spanish students aged 8 to 11 (M  = 9.57; DE = 1.12). Student’s t test, Cohen’s d index and logistic regression analysis were used. The high SOP-C group scored significantly higher than their peers having low SOP-C on Negative Affect and Neuroticism, and lower on Positive Affect, Agreeableness, Consciousness and Openness to Experience. To the contrary, students with high SOP-S scored significantly higher on all adaptive dimensions (i.e. Positive Affect, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Consciousness and Openness to Experience), and lower on Negative Affect and Neuroticism. Effect sizes were small for most of statistically significant differences. These findings were also supported by regression analysis. Results are discussed in light of the debate on the adaptive or maladaptive nature of Self-Oriented Perfectionism.

Effect of in Vivo Treatment with Delta9-THC on Mice Adrenal Gland

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
E. Moura ◽  
C. Esteves-Pinto ◽  
M.P. Serrão ◽  
I. Azevedo ◽  
M. Vieira-Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Adrenal Gland Weight ◽  
Reduce Activity ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Introduction:The efficacy of antidepressants has been linked in part to their ability to reduce activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; however, the mechanism by which antidepressants regulate the HPA axis is largely unknown. Recent research has demonstrated that endocannabinoids can regulate the HPA axis and exhibit antidepressant potential.Aim:The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) on the adrenal gland of mice.Methods:Delta9-THC (10 mg/kg, 1 THC:1 chremophor:18 saline) or vehicle (CT, 1 chremophor:18 saline) was administered i.p. for 10 days to C57Bl6 mice aged 15 weeks. At the end of the study rats were placed in metabolic cages. Noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (AD) levels in samples and tissues were evaluated by HPLC-ED. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA followed by Student's t test. Results are presented as mean±SEM.Results:Treatment with delta9-THC did not produce changes in mice weight (CT: 25±1; delta9-THC: 24±1 g, n=5-6) but produced a significant reduction in adrenal gland weight (CT: 1.4±0.2; delta9-THC: 0.6±0.1* mg, n=5-6, *P˂0.01). However, treatment with delta9-THC did not produce significant changes in NA and AD adrenal content (NA: 7.5±2.1, 5.3±0.6; AD: 14.1±1.1, 11.1±2.1 nmol, CT and delta9-THC respectively, n=5-6) or in NA and AD urine levels (NA: 0.88±0.06, 1.18±0.17; AD: 0.64±0.07, 0.81±0.09 nmol/24h, CT and delta9-THC respectively, n=5-6).Conclusion:Chronic treatment with delta9-THC reduces adrenal gland weight in mice. These results suggest that endocannabinoids may act directly at the adrenal gland to regulate the HPA axis.

Paricalcitol and Peritoneal Protein Loss in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Double-Center Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Jerónimo ◽  
Anabela Malho Guedes ◽  
Gloria del Peso ◽  
Ana Paula Silva ◽  
Rafael Selgas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Protein Loss ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Center Study ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background/Aims: Peritoneal protein loss (PPL) is associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Controversial results have been published about the effect of paricalcitol in PPL among PD patients. This study intends to analyze the relationship between paricalcitol and PPL in PD. Methods: In a retrospective study, prevalent PD patients were divided into 2 groups: “with paricalcitol” and “without paricalcitol”. X2-test, Student’s t test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Logistic Regression analysis were applied. Results: Eighty-two patients were included. PPL was lower among patients medicated with paricalcitol (5.17 ± 1.71 vs. 6.79 ± 2.10 g/24 h, p = 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, paricalcitol and dialysate/plasma ratio of creatinine (D/P creatinine) were independently related to PPL (OR 4.270 [1.437–12.684], p = 0.009 and OR 0.205 [0.064–0.659], p = 0.008, respectively), adjusted for diabetes. Conclusion: Paricalcitol and D/P creatinine were independently related to PPL. Paricalcitol may have an effect on PPL in PD patients

scholarly journals Food Markets: A Motivation-Based Segmentation of Tourists

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Mᵃ Castillo-Canalejo ◽  
Sandra Mᵃ Sánchez-Cañizares ◽  
Luna Santos-Roldán ◽  
Guzmán Antonio Muñoz-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Branding Strategies ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Student’S T Test

Food markets are becoming popular as new spaces for recreation, and this research aims to discover the motivations driving the tourists that visit these markets. Factorial analysis, cluster analysis and Student’s t-test were applied on 456 surveys from two food markets in Córdoba (Spain). Three motivational factors were obtained: Gastronomic experience and novelty; hedonism and leisure; and the relationship of the experience with work. Segmenting and analyzing the profile of the tourist may help economic agents develop new strategies for the tourism management of a destination and more accurate marketing and branding strategies that target specific customers with a niche message. The study could help develop products that align with tourists’ motives to increase satisfaction and loyalty.

scholarly journals Empathy and Personality Styles in Medical Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-87
Author(s):  
Yolanda Dávila Pontón ◽  
Alejandro Reyes Reyes ◽  
Aracelis Calzadilla Núñez ◽  
Víctor Patricio Díaz Narváez ◽  
Robert Utsman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Personality Styles ◽  
Empathy Scale ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test

This study aimed to establish the relationship between empathy and personality styles in medical students, considering the differences by gender. The participants were 278 students of the medical career of the Universidad del Azuay, Ecuador. They were evaluated using the Jefferson empathy scale and the Millon Index of Personality Styles. Relationships between empathy and personality styles were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis, for comparisons by gender and educational levels; with both Student's t test and analysis of variance used respectively. Results indicated that the factor structure of the empathy scale is invariant between men and women, noticing gender differences in care with compassion and total empathy, with women presenting a higher mean. Differences are observed by educational level, where the general empathy in the first three years grows progressively, and then slightly decrease. In conclusion,  female students present a mean score of total empathy greater than men, with differences of empathy according to educational level

THE INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE OF GREASE ON THE SYNERGY OF ITS COMPOSITION WITH PTFE POWDER AND COPPER POWDER

Tribologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 265 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław KRAWIEC ◽  
Michał KRAWIEC ◽  
Tadeusz LEŚNIEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Copper Powder ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
The Third ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
Lubricating Properties

Studies of the influence of the type of grease on the synergistic effect of its compositions with PTFE powder and of copper during the lubrication of steel sliding pairs working in mixed friction area of were presented. Two greases, car grease 1S with a lithium thickener and grease STP with calcium thickener, were adopted for analysis. As fillers in the two lubricants, powders of two solid lubricants were PTFE and copper were used. Three lubricating compositions were tested for each of the adopted greases. Two compositions contained one filler of 5% by weight, and the third composition contained the two fillers in the same proportion (5% each). The lubricating properties of the adopted compositions were evaluated based on an experiment conducted with the use of a four–ball extreme pressure tester according to the standard PN-76/ C04147. The effectiveness of the analysed lubricants was evaluated according to four criterion values (wear of the balls d, fusion point Fz, limit wear load Goz, and wear index Ih). The results were statistically handled at the confidence level of 95% using Student’s t-test. The developed test results are shown graphically. Appropriate conclusions were drawn.

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