scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of metatarsal bones (Ossa metatarsi) and finger articles (Ossa digitorum pedis seu phalanges digitorum) of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and sheep (Ovis aries) in orderto determine animal species

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Milos Blagojevic ◽  
Zora Nikolic ◽  
Zoran Zoric ◽  
Dejana Cupic-Miladinovic
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Metatarsal Bones ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Single Bone

Metatarsal bones and finger articles of roe deer and sheep are rarely used for animal identification. In practice there are frequent cases where on a corpse the head and distal parts of the limbs are missing. That is in order to prevent the identification of the bones, by which it is easiest to determine the animal species. For identification of metatarsal bones (Ossa metatarsi) as well as finger articles (Os?sa digitorum pedis seu phalanges digitorum) there were used distal parts of hindlimb bones, taken from 6 roe deers and 7 sheep. Afer the separation from the soft tissues, the bones were boiled in an autoclave, and for bleaching and degreasing they were kept in 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The bones were air dried, and then photographed. In roe deer, four metatarsal bones are developed: the second (Os metatarsale secundum), the third (Os metatarsale tertium), the fourth (Os metatarsale quartum) and the fifth (Os metatarsale quintum). In sheep, the third (Os metatarsale tertium) and the fourth (Os metatarsale quartum) metatarsal bones are developed. Both in roe deer and sheep, the third and the fourth metatarsal bones are fused into one single bone - main metatarsal bone. In sheep, on dorsal and plantar side of these bones there are grooves which are more shallow and wider than in roe deer. In roe deer, hindlimbs have four fingers, and in sheep two. In roe deer there is also the difference in the number of articles on the second and fifth finger. In this animal the second and fifth finger have coalesced the first and second article (Ph1 + Ph2) and the third article(Ph3). Based on the third article of the third and fourth finger, it may be distinguished one animal from another. Margo solearis in roe deer is peaky and in sheep it is blunt. In roe deer Processus extensorius is peaky on Margo coronalis, while in shee it is blunt. In the cases when material (fresh meat, blood, hair) necessary for some laboratory methods is missing, there is used the method of animal species determination based on morphological differences between the bones of these two animals. By this method it can be with certainty determined which animal the bones belong to.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of metacarpal bones (Ossa metacarpi) and finger articles (Ossa digitorum pedis seu phalanges digitorum) of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and sheep (Ovis aries) in order to determine animal species

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Milos Blagojevic ◽  
Zora Nikolic ◽  
Zoran Zoric ◽  
Bogomir Prokic ◽  
Dejana Cupic-Miladinovic
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Metacarpal Bone ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Characteristic Appearance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Metacarpal Bones

The method of determining which animal species the bones, on the basis of mor?phological characteristics, belong to, is one of the most commonly used in forensic cases (poaching, fraud, theft, counterfeiting of food of animal origin).For identification of metacarpal bones (Ossa metacarpi) as well as finger articles (Ossa digitorum pedis seu phalanges digitorum) there were used distal parts of front limb bones, taken from 6 roe deers and 7 sheep. Afer the separation from the soft tissues, the bones were boiled in an autoclave, and for bleaching and degreasing they were kept in 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The bones were air dried, and then photographed. In roe deer, there are four developed metacarpal bones: the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth. The third and the fourth mrtacarpal bones form one bone, named the main metacarpal bone. The second and the fifth metacarpal bones are connected by con?nective tissue to distal parts of the third and the fourth metacarpal bones. In sheep, there are three developed metacarpal bones: the third, the fourth and the fifth. The thord and the fourth metacarpal bones are, as in roe deer, grown together along the entire length, forming in that way one single bone - the main metacarpal bone. On the distal part of front limb in roe deer there are four fingers, and in sheep two. In roe deer the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth finger are developed, and in sheep, the third and the fourth. Each finger of front limbs, both in roe deer and in sheep, consists of three articles: Phalanx proximalis, Phalanx media i Phalanx distalis. In the case of certain bone missing, a roe deer can be distinguished from a sheep on the basis of the tird article of the third and fourth finger, which is of characteristic appearance. Plantar edge in roe deer is peaked, and in sheep it is blunt. The method of determining which animal species the bones, on the basis of mor?phological characteristics of roe deer and sheep, belong to, is one of the most reliable and most commonly used in forensic cases.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of shoulder blade (Scapula) and shoulder bone (Humerus) of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and sheep (Ovis aries) in order to determine the animal species

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Milos Blagojevic ◽  
Zora Nikolic ◽  
Bogomir Prokic ◽  
Dejana Cupic-Miladinovic
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Medial Condyle ◽  
Tuberculum Minus ◽  
Shoulder Blade

In illegal hunting it is often possible only on the basis of morphological characteristics to determine the animal species. By the method of comparison there was performed the forensic analysis of roe deer and sheep osteological features. For the purpose of investigating the shoulder blade (Scapula) and shoulder bone (Humerus) comparative characteristics, there were used 6 shoulder blades and 6 shoulder bones of roe deer and 8 shoulder blades and 8 shoulder bones of sheep. After the skin, muscles, arterial, venous and lymphatic vessels as well as nerves were removed from the bones, they were thermally treated in an autoclave. Subsequently, the bones were placed in 3% solutioin of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for bleaching and degreasing. Then they were air dried and then photographed. Shoulder blade (Scapula) is a bone plate (Ossa plana) roughly triangular in shape. Scapular spine (Spina scapulae) is much more prominent in roe deer with acromion blade in the form of spike, while in sheep it is shorter and ends with acrimion at a right angle. Shoulder blade cup (Cavitas glenoidalis) in roe deer is round in shape, and in sheep it is oval. Tuberculum supraglenoidale and Processus coracoideus in sheep are more and in roe deer less developed. Shoulder bone (Humerus) in roe deer is relatively long, slender bone with proximal convexity turned cranially in regard to the same bone in sheep, which is stronger and heavier. Tuberculum majus in roe deer is less developed, and in sheep it is in a form of solid bone protuberance. Tuberculum minus and Tuberositas deltoidea in sheep are more developed than in roe deer. At medial condyle (Condylus medialis) in sheep there is shallow and wide groove, while in roe deer it is deeper and narrower. On the basis of morphological differences of roe deer and sheep bones, it can be determined with certainty which animal spesies they belong to.

scholarly journals Examination of Reproductive Performance of Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Hungary

2004 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
István Majzinger
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Embryo Number ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Implantation ◽  
Implantation Period

The objective of the research partly is to compare the reproduction performance of the populations living in different regions with regard to some special characteristics (age, condition).When estimating the age through tooth wear and cementum-layer-counting there was a difference of 0.87 years in favour of the first one (r=0,840; p<0,001). I found cementum layers at 42% of the does in the study after examining the MI teeth.There was lose connection between the weight (eviscerated, with head and legs) and the KFI (r=0,296; p<0,01), and for further analysis, I used only the KFI as the index for condition.The regional average KFI varied from 0.24-0.37 in fawns, 0.82-1.73 in does, with individual extremes of 0-4.05. Within the examined regions the highest index belonged to the prime-aged does, while the 1-year-olds had a lower rate, and it was the lowest in the does older than 8 years.The rate of fertility was between 83,3(ns)-100% as we can see from the presence of the CL. All the examined does were fertile, except in one region, while among the female fawns in two regions I only found three with active ovaries. The average number of CL was 1.5-2.13, and this varied by regions; all in all it was the highest in the 2-7-year-old group (1.96) and in the ones over 8 years (2.00!), while it was lower in the does younger than 1 year (1.90). The high fertility of the does over 8 years is remarkable.I could examine the number of embryos in two regions during the post-implantation period, and beside 100% fertility I found significant differences among the does, which can be associated with the condition. The ratio of CL carriers and the pregnant does was 100% and 73% in the two regions, the average number of CL were 1.92 and 1.72, while the average embryo number were 1.83 and 1.36 per doe. The difference between the CL and the embryo numbers on the two regions were 5% and 21%. The difference (prenatal loss) is in connection with the age (age class) of the doe. It is possible, however, that in some cases oestrus was not followed by gestation. But in roe deer, owing to the commonly known lack of luteolysis-mechanism (Flint et al., 1994), the regression of the CL of the does that did not get pregnant takes place in December and January, so the CL found in January cannot prove a previous pregnancy, which might have been followed by an abortion.Although it has to be proven, it seems that the number of the CL (potential progeny) can be associated with the age (r=0,418; p<0,01) and the weight (r=0,312; p<0,01) of the doe, while the embryo number (realised progeny) is influenced by the age of the doe and probably by external factors.It is essential to continue and extend the research to increase the reliability of the results and their correlation.

scholarly journals Non-invasive genetic approaches for estimation of ungulate population size: a study on roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) based on faeces

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
C. Ebert ◽  
◽  
j. Sandrini ◽  
B. Spielberger ◽  
U. Hohmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
Consensus Genotypes

Estimating population size is particularly difficult for animal species living in concealing habitats with dense vegetation. This is the case for roe deer as for many other ungulates. Our objective was to develop a non–invasive genetic capture–mark–recapture approach based on roe deer faeces collected along transects. In a pilot study, we collected 1,790 roe deer faeces during five sampling days in a forested study area in south western Germany. We extracted DNA from 410 of these samples and carried out microsatellite analysis using seven dinucleotide markers. The analyses resulted in 328 useable consensus genotypes which were assigned to 174 individuals. The population size estimated using a Bayesian approach was 94 (82–111) male and 136 (121–156) female roe deer. Our study shows that non–invasive genetic methods are a valuable management tool for roe deer.

scholarly journals Microbial, chemical-physical, rheological and organoleptic characterisation of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) salami

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ranucci ◽  
Rossana Roila ◽  
Dino Miraglia ◽  
Chiara Arcangeli ◽  
Francesca Vercillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Game Meat ◽  
The Difference

Game meat and related products are important in the promotion of local economies and rural areas. Microbiological, chemical–physical, rheological and sensory characteristics of fermented meat products (salami) made by different percentages of pork and hunted roe-deer (Capreolus capreolus) meat were evaluated. The microbiological determination indicated that the products are safe to eat, as neither Listeria monocytogenes nor Salmonella spp. was isolated from the samples. The hygienic adequacy of the process was guaranteed, as there was below 3 log CFU/g of Enterobacteriaceae level in the final products. The proximal composition analyses showed lower lipid levels in comparison to pork salami. The difference in chemical composition affects the rheological and sensory traits of the final products; the products were harder and with higher gumminess when 50% of roe-deer meat was used. Game meat flavour and odour increased with the increasing percentage of roe-deer meat.

PCR-RFLP Authentication of Meats from Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), Fallow Deer (Dama dama),Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus), Cattle (Bos taurus), Sheep (Ovis aries), and Goat (Capra hircus)

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1144-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Fajardo ◽  
Isabel González ◽  
Inés López-Calleja ◽  
Irene Martín ◽  
Pablo E. Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Pcr Rflp

scholarly journals Morphology and molecular study of Fascioloides magna – a growing threat to cervids (Cervidae) in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Houszka ◽  
Jolanta Piekarska ◽  
Magdalena Podkowik ◽  
Michał Gorczykowski ◽  
Jacek Bania
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
Fascioloides Magna ◽  
Liver Flukes ◽  
Histopathological Studies

Abstract Introduction: The giant liver fluke, Fascioloides magna, has spread across Europe over the years posing a serious threat to the Polish cervid population. Material and Methods: Macroscopic and histopathological studies of the liver of 22 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 10 red deer (Cervus elaphus), and 6 fallow deer (Dama dama) were performed. Species determination of the recovered liver flukes and eggs was performed by PCR protocol amplifying fragments of ribosomal DNA (ITS2), according to a standard method. Results: The presence of F. magna was confirmed in three (13.6%) roe deer, seven (70.0%) red deer, and two (33.3%) fallow deer. The fluke eggs were found only in the stools of five red deer and one fallow deer. Conclusion: This study presents detailed pathological and histopathological changes in the liver of wild Polish cervids, including roe deer, which were subjected to such study for the first time. The hepatic lesions typical for different stages of liver cirrhosis varied depending on the host species and stage of the disease.

scholarly journals Selectivity of harvesting differs between local and foreign roe deer hunters: trophy stalkers have the first shot at the right place

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atle Mysterud ◽  
Piotr Tryjanowski ◽  
Marek Panek
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Antler Size ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Harvesting represents a major source of mortality in many deer populations. The extent to which harvesting is selective for specific traits is important in order to understand contemporary evolutionary processes. In addition, since such data are frequently used in life-history studies, it is important to know the pattern of selectivity as a source of bias. Recently, it was demonstrated that different hunting methods were selected for different weights in red deer ( Cervus elaphus ), but little insight was offered into why this occurs. In this study, we show that foreign trophy stalkers select for larger antlers when hunting roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ) than local hunters, but that close to half of the difference in selectivity was due to foreigners hunting earlier in the season and in locations with larger males. The relationship between antler size and age was nevertheless fairly similar based on whether deer was shot by foreign or local hunters.

scholarly journals Comparison of Reproductive Performance of the Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus, L.) Among Different Regions

2006 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
István Majzinger
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Actual Number ◽  
Offspring Number ◽  
Region I ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The potential and actual number of offspring of roe deer and the difference between these figures (prenatal and postnatal loss) significantly vary in each population yearly. The objective of this study is to examine the potential and actual number of offspring, the number of losses, and to find a link between the most important biological characteristics of does (body weight – BW, condition – KFI) and the number of raised offspring on four territories on the Great Hungarian Plain.Where the number of corpora lutea (CL) is the highest, there the losses are the highest as well, and the number of raised offspring is the lowest (region I.). Here, the rearing loss is double that of the weakest territory (region IV.). Rearing losses can be associated with the fenotype of does (BW, KFI) but environmental factors also have determinative importance. Where the number of twin-calving does was the highest, I found four times more does without a fawn than where the number of twin-calving does was the lowest. The nursing success was the best (the losses were lowest) in the region where the potential offspring (number of CL) was also the lowest, but the coverage of the habitat and the proportion of forests were largest. The food supply for the animals in autumn and winter are not enough, the structure of the habitat has to be improved as well, so that it might become adequate for game protection in extreme weather conditions.The results have to be considered as preliminary ones. It is essential to continue and extend the research to increase the reliability of the results.

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