scholarly journals Establishing presence and status of infection with bovine diarrhoea virus in cattle herds in Central Serbia: Possibilities for control

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kurcubic ◽  
Zoran Ilic ◽  
Radojica Djokovic ◽  
Slobodan Jevtic ◽  
Tamas Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Experimental Group

The objective of our investigations was to determine the presence and status of infection with the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and to identify persistently infected (PI) cattle in 4 herds (experimental groups): 2 with fattening heifers (10 and 13 animals) and 2 with dairy animals with offspring older than 4 months (23 and 16 animals). Two series of blood samples were taken in an interval of 4 weeks (even samples) from all the animals, from each experimental group. Separate blood serums from both groups of samples were examined using the indirect ELISA method (HerdChek*BVDV Ab test kit). The results obtained in our investigations indicate the presence of infection with the BVD virus in the experimental animals. Blood serum samples taken on the first day of investigation were seropositive in 7 experimental animals of the first group, in all (n=13) experimental animals of the second group, seropositive in one and suspect in 2 animals of the third experimental group, and seropositive in one and suspect in 3 experimental animals of the fourth group. Blood serum samples taken on the 28th day of the examinations were seropositive in one, thirteen, two, and three experimental animals of the first, second, third, and fourth experimental groups. Serum samples of animals (n=29) that were established as seronegative in both investigations (on the first and the 28th day) were examined for the possible presence of antigen to the BVD virus using the ELISA method (HerdChek*BVDV Ag/Serum Plus) with the objective of investigating the presence of PI animals. The presence of antigen to the BVD virus was not established in the examined cattle. On the grounds of the results of the investigations and data in literature, measures for controlling BVDV infections were recommended to animal owners. .

scholarly journals Antibody response of beef calves to experimental monovalent and multivalent inactivated bovine viral diarrhoea virus vaccines as measured by indirect elisa method

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 901-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kurcubic ◽  
T. Petrovic ◽  
R. Djokovic ◽  
Z. Ilic ◽  
M.D. Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Group I ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

The objective of this study was to determine the immunogenic properties of two experimental inactivated (mono - and multivalent) vaccines containing BVDV type 1 reference strains (NADL, W1. - 162903, W2. - 172984, W3. - 173481, W4. - 179725) and one local field isolate derived from a calf suffering from mucosal disease (MD). Normal healthy beef calves (Simmental race) of mixed sex, 6 to 7 months of age, were divided into three experimental groups: ten calves vaccinated twice (days 1 and 28) subcutaneously (s/c) with 2 ml of inactivated multivalent vaccine per animal (Group I); ten calves vaccinated twice (days 1 and 28) subcutaneously (s/c) with 2 ml of inactivated monovalent vaccine per animal (Group II) and 9 unvaccinated calves (Control group C). Blood sera were obtained from immunized animals (standard procedure: on days 0, 14, 28, 42 and 56 post-immunization). The immune response to BVDV vaccine strains was assessed by the indirect ELISA method (Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Antibody Test Kit BVDV HerdChek

scholarly journals Serological survey of wild cervids in England and Wales for bovine viral diarrhoea virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 (7) ◽  
pp. e47-e47
Author(s):  
Jo Hardstaff ◽  
Hannah Hunt ◽  
Laura Tugwell ◽  
Carole Thomas ◽  
Laila Elattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Wild Deer

BackgroundBovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) is a production disease commonly found in British cattle herds. Species other than cattle have been shown to be infected with the virus, thereby providing a potential source of infection for livestock. This study surveyed serum samples taken from 596 culled wild deer from England and Wales, between 2009 and 2010, for the presence of BVD antibodies.Methods596 samples were tested with the SVANOVIR BVDV p80-Ab ELISA and a subset of 64 were tested with the IDEXX BVDV p80-Ab ELISA. ELISA results were confirmed using serum neutralisation tests.Results2/596 samples (0.35 per cent) tested positive for BVD antibodies using the Svanova test and one of these tested positive and the other inconclusive using the IDEXX test; both were confirmed positive with serum neutralisation tests. These were both red deer stags, one from Devon and the other from East Anglia.ConclusionsThe results indicate that it is unlikely that BVD virus is widely circulating within the wild deer population and particularly unlikely that persistently infected deer are present in the populations surveyed. These results suggest that wild deer are unlikely to be a significant reservoir of BVD infection in cattle.

A survey for bvdv antibodies in cattle farms in Slovakia and genetic typing of bvdv isolates from imported animals

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Vilček ◽  
Jana Mojžišová ◽  
Viera Bajová ◽  
Š. Paulík ◽  
L. Strojný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Genetic Typing ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Cattle Farms

A serological survey for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) antibodies on a collection of 1295 serum samples obtained from 6-12 months old cattle originating from 45 farms in Slovakia was carried out. On 13 farms more than 90% of the examined animals were seropositive, on 14 farms 71-90% seroprevalence was observed, on 13 farms only 50-70% animals were found to be positive for BVDV antibodies, while the remaining 5 farms showed fewer than 50% seropositive animals. The average incidence of BVDV antibodies (around 70%) was similar as determined 30 years ago. Of 84 serum samples from seronegative animals originating from 14 farms in which 70-98% seropositivity was observed, six were positive in Ag-BVDV ELISA indicating persistently infected (PI) cattle. On a farm to which animals were imported from abroad, a BVD outbreak was observed. Of 110 animals tested, four were positive in Ag-ELISA indicating the presence of PI cattle on this farm. Genetic typing of two isolates from imported animals performed by RT-PCR (324/326 primers from 5´-UTR), sequencing of PCR products and computer-assisted phylogenetic analysis revealed that they belong to BVDV-1h group.

scholarly journals Serological survey of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in Namibian and South African kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and eland (Taurotragus oryx)

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence P. Scott ◽  
Eleanor Stylianides ◽  
Wanda Markotter ◽  
Louis Nel
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Tragelaphus Strepsiceros

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is a pestivirus that affects members of the order Artiodactyla, including members of the subfamily Bovinae. Little is known about the seroprevalence of BVDV in southern Africa, especially the prevalence in wild ruminant populations such as kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros). A handful of random surveys suggested that seroprevalence ranged between 6% and 70% in southern African wild ruminants. The present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of BVDV amongst kudu and eland (Taurotragus oryx) from Namibia and South Africa. A BVDV-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed on 50 serum samples from kudu and eland from South Africa and Namibia. The seroprevalence of BVDV in South African kudu was 71%, identical to that in Namibian kudu. The seroprevalence in Namibian eland was 40%. The kudu and cattle farming (free ranging) regions in Namibia predominantly overlap in the central regions, ensuring ample opportunity for cross-species transmission of BVDV. It is therefore important to determine the true prevalence of BVDV in southern Africa in both domesticated and wild animals. In addition, a potential link between BVDV incidence and a devastating rabies epidemic in Namibian kudu was proposed and such a notion could be supported or discredited by comparative prevalence data.

Serological evidence for BVDV-1 infection in goats in Poland — Short communication

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Czopowicz ◽  
Jarosław Kaba ◽  
Horst Schirrmeier ◽  
Emilia Bagnicka ◽  
Olga Szaluś-Jordanow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Herd Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Blocking Elisa ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

A serological survey was conducted in 2007 in the breeding goat population in Poland to gain insights into the epidemiology of pestivirus infection. All breeding herds were included in the study and representative serum samples were taken in each herd to evaluate herd-level seroprevalence at 10% expected individual-level prevalence and 95% level of confidence. Altogether 1060 serum samples from 49 herds were tested with blocking ELISA and then the positive and inconclusive results were confirmed in a serum neutralisation test, which also allowed us to determine the pestivirus species responsible for seroconversion. Herd-level seroprevalence proved to be 10.2% and bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) was responsible for the seroconversion in seven out of eight cases. In the remaining serum sample the causative virus could not be identified due to a pronounced cross-neutralising activity possibly derived from multiple infections. This is the first report on the diagnosis of BVDV-1 infection in Polish goats.

scholarly journals Influence of the supplement «Press-Acid» on protein-mineral metabolism and resistance of piglets

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 320-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Chеrniy ◽  
E.V. Matsenko ◽  
Yu.A. Shchepetilnikov ◽  
Yu. V. Maslak ◽  
O.S. Machula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Oxidative Reaction ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Growth Energy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplement «Press-Acid» on some parameters of mineral and protein metabolism and resistance of piglets. The study was done in condition «Meta» on two groups of piglets of the F-1 (BWхL) genotype. There were determined indexes of bacterial and lysocim activity of blood serum, calcium and phosphorus in piglets at the age of 21–30–45–75 days. Effect of supplement on the growth rate, morbidity and safety of pigs were revealed. We used hygienic, zootechnical, hematological, biochemical, immunological and statistical methods of analysis. The influence of «Press-Acid», which consist of formic, lactic, citric and fumaric acids, was established for the first time. The concentration of calcium in blood serum of experimental group of piglets were lower than in animals of control group. The level of phosphorus increased in blood serum of experimental animals on 11.83% (30 day), on 3.74% (45%), on 17.65% (75 day) respectively. Concentration of hemoglobin and the amount of erythrocytes increased on 11.8% and on 1.82% (30 day) in animals that feed the supplement. There were established the increase of viability of the pigs with gastro-intestinal diseases which were given the supplement in comparison with that, who did not feed it. Severity of diseases was determined using the Melenberg coefficient which did not higher than 1.2–2.4 score, it was lower on 6,0–9,3 unit than in control group. Using the supplement allowed to increase the intensity of growth of piglets by 3.7% (45 day) and 9.4% (75 day) respectively. Concentration of total protein, albumines and globulins increased on 8.66%, 9.90%, 7.3% respectively. The activity of alaninaminotransphaerasae in the blood serum of experimental animals were lower on 3.45% than in control piglets. Lysocym and bacterial activity of blood serum were higher in experimental group of piglets. Feeding piglets with addition supplement Press Acid promotes higher grow rates in experimental animals, that can be explained increases of oxidative-reducing processes in them organism. Feeding piglets with acidifier «Press-Acid», «Nifulin», zinc oxide, probiotics «Lactisan Complex» promotes growth energy, increase of morphological, biochemical and immunological parameters which indicates a higher level of oxidative reaction in the body. A low coefficient of Melenberg is recorded in the piglets at the age of 1 day. Safety was within 92.1–97.0%. That indicates a more successful elimination of complexes of protein, mineral substances, humoral protection in blood of experimental group of animals.

scholarly journals Transmission of Coxiella burnetii to Calves from Infected Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miodrag Radinović ◽  
Ivana Davidov ◽  
Zorana Kovačević ◽  
Mihajlo Erdeljan ◽  
Marija Pajić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Milk Serum ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Pcr Test

Background:Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of a very important disease with zoonotic potential. Infected cows represent risk for spreading of infection to humans and to other animals on farm and also to their offspring. There is possibility for calves from infected cows to be infected nearly after parturition or during intrauterine life. Studies have shown that Coxiella burnetii initially infects the placenta and subsequent spread to the fetus may occur either by haematogenous or by the amniotic-oral route providing congenital infection. The main objective of the present study is to determine the presence of Coxiella burnetii genome in milk serum of infected cows and blood serum of calves.  Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 200 blood serums from dairy cows were tested for presence of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii and nine of those were found positive. These animals compiled experimental group. From animals in experimental group milk samples during lactation, pregnancy and the postpartum period were collected. Samples were used for performing PCR test for determination of Coxiella burnetii presence in milk serum. On calving of each cow blood samples were taken from calves during first 24 hours after calving, from jugular vein. These blood samples were also used for PCR test to determine the presence of Coxiella burnetii. Milk serum analysis showed presence of Coxiella burnetii genome in serum, indicating on intermittent excretion. During lactation, the excretion of bacteria was greatest in the second stage when 80% of milk serum samples were positive for Coxiella burnetii. In the colostrums stage, there was a high percentage of Coxiella burnetii excretion through milk (50% of positive milk serum samples). The lowest percentage of excretion through milk was in the first stage of lactation. Analyzing blood serum samples from calves, taken on first day at calving using PCR method, all serums were positive for presence of Coxiella burnetii genome. Discussion:In animals, Coxiella burnetii is found in the reproductive system, both uterus and mammary glands, and may cause abortion or infertility. The high prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in dairy cattle with reproductive problems showed that these infected cattle play an important role in maintaining the infection and in disseminating of pathogenic agent to environment. The lowest percentage of excretion of Coxiella burnetii was in the first stage of lactation, amounting to 16.6%. With the transition to the next stage of lactation, a striking increase in the percentage of excretion was noticed. In the second stage it was 80%. In the third stage there was decrease to 40.6%. In colostrums stage percentage of excretion through milk was 50%. Similar results claims that excretion of Coxiella burnetii through milk starts after eight to twelve weeks of lactation in most cows. This period coincides with second stage of lactation as we divide it. Blood serums taken from calves were proven positive on Coxiella burnetii which indicates on intrauterine infection as described in the literature. Intrauterine infection takes place after placenta infection when bacteria penetrate the placenta and contaminate the amniotic fluid and gets aspirated or swallowed by fetus. Besides this,haematogenous spread can also occur. 

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