scholarly journals On two-scale dimension and its applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3 Part B) ◽  
pp. 1707-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qura Ain ◽  
Ji-Huan He
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Scale Theory ◽  
Scale Dimension ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Discontinuous Problems ◽  
Continuous Problem ◽  
Similarity Pattern

Dimension or scale is everything. When a thing is observed by different scales, different results can be obtained. Two scales are enough for most of practical problems, and a new definition of a two-scale dimension instead of the fractal dimension is given to deal with discontinuous problems. Fractal theory considers a self-similarity pattern, which cannot be found in any a real problem, while the two-scale theory observes each problem with two scales, the large scale is for an approximate continuous problem, where the classic calculus can be fully applied, and on the smaller scale, the effect of the porous structure on the properties can be easily elucidated. This paper sheds a new light on applications of fractal theory to real problems.

Build Structure of Fractal Interorganizational Information Systems and Optimize Supply Chain Structure

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 268-276
Author(s):  
Wei Qing Zhuang ◽  
Zhen Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
Interorganizational Information Systems ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Fractal Characteristics ◽  
Supply Chain Structure ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Dla Model

This paper uses fractal theory to analyze interorganizational information systems (IOS). Firstly, IOS’s structure has fractal characteristics of self-similarity, self-optimization and self-organization, consequently, gives the concept and definition of fractal interorganizational information systems (FIOS). Thirdly, builds IOS topological structure fits actual needs based on Diffused-Limited Aggregation (DLA) model to optimize the growth rule of IOS, then, designs six topological structures of FIOS and estimates approximatively their fractal dimension values. Finally, gives fractal interorganizational information systems application to optimize the supply chain network structure to improve operation efficiency.

CONCEPT OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF A KEY PUBLIC SPACE (USING THE EXAMPLE OF «ALLEY OF ARCHITECTS», VORONEZH)

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
С. Л. Подвальный ◽  
О. А. Сотникова ◽  
Я. А. Золотухина
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Territory Design ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Intensive Growth

Постановка задачи. В настоящее время формирование современной комфортной городской среды приобретает особое социально-экономическое значение и выдвигается в число приоритетных государственных масштабных программ. В связи с этим необходимо разработать концепцию благоустройства ключевого общественного пространства, а именно: определить основные и сопутствующие функции данной территории, создать эскизное предложение проекта благоустройства с учетом всех необходимых норм и стандартов, внедрить современные технологии. Результаты. Выполнен эскизный дизайн-проект «Аллеи архитекторов» по ул. Орджоникидзе г. Воронеж, включающий в себя основные элементы по зонированию территории, проектированию акцентных объектов и внедрению инновационных технологий «умного города», позволяющих повысить уровень комфорта горожан. Выводы. Благоустройство населенных мест приобретает особое значение в условиях дискомфорта среды. С выполнением комплекса мероприятий, направленных на благоустройство, и с внедрением современных технологий значительно улучшается экологическое состояние, внешний облик города. Оздоровление и модернизация среды, которая окружает человека в городе, благотворно влияет на психофизическое состояние, что особенно важно в период интенсивного роста городов. Statement of the problem. Currently the formation of the modern comfortable urban environment is gaining a special social and economic value and moving forward in the priorities of state large-scale programs. The purpose of development of the concept of improvement of public space is definition of the main and accompanying functions of this territory, design of the outline offer of the project of improvement considering all necessary norms and standards and implementation of modern technologies. Results. The conceptual project of “Alley of Architects” includes the basic elements of territory zoning, design of accent objects and implementation of technologies of a “smart-city”. These elements allow one to increase the level of comfort of inhabitants. Conclusions. Improvement of the inhabited places is of particular importance in the conditions of discomfort of the environment. Carrying out a complex of the actions directed to gardening and improvement, introducing modern technologies, the ecological condition, the physical appearance of the city considerably improves. Improvement and modernization of the environment which surrounds the person in the city influences a psychophysical state well that especially important during intensive growth of the cities.

Bottlenecks in the Implementation of On-Site Wastewater Treatment Plants on a Large Scale in The Netherlands

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Frits A. Fastenau ◽  
Jaap H. J. M. van der Graaf ◽  
Gerard Martijnse
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Definition Of

More than 95 % of the total housing stock in the Netherlands is connected to central sewerage systems and in most cases the wastewater is treated biologically. As connection to central sewerage systems has reached its economic limits, interest in on-site treatment of the domestic wastewater of the remaining premises is increasing. A large scale research programme into on-site wastewater treatment up to population equivalents of 200 persons has therefore been initiated by the Dutch Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment. Intensive field-research work did establish that the technological features of most on-site biological treatment systems were satisfactory. A large scale implementation of these systems is however obstructed in different extents by problems of an organisational, financial and/or juridical nature and management difficulties. At present research is carried out to identify these bottlenecks and to analyse possible solutions. Some preliminary results are given which involve the following ‘bottlenecks':-legislation: absence of co-ordination and absence of a definition of ‘surface water';-absence of subsidies;-ownership: divisions in task-setting of Municipalities and Waterboards; divisions involved with cost-sharing;-inspection; operational control and maintenance; organisation of management;-discharge permits;-pollution levy;-sludge disposal. Final decisions and practical elaboration of policies towards on-site treatment will have to be formulated in a broad discussion with all the authorities and interest groups involved.

Random graphs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Newman
Keyword(s):  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Random Network ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Giant Component ◽  
Random Graph Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Average Size

An introduction to the mathematics of the Poisson random graph, the simplest model of a random network. The chapter starts with a definition of the model, followed by derivations of basic properties like the mean degree, degree distribution, and clustering coefficient. This is followed with a detailed derivation of the large-scale structural properties of random graphs, including the position of the phase transition at which a giant component appears, the size of the giant component, the average size of the small components, and the expected diameter of the network. The chapter ends with a discussion of some of the shortcomings of the random graph model.

Research on Hyperpaths in the Urban Rail Transit Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 1439-1443
Author(s):  
Jin Hai Li ◽  
Jian Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Transit Network ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Distinctive Structure ◽  
Feasible Path ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Urban Rail Transit Network

Hyperpaths enumeration is one of the basic procedures in many traffic planning issues. As a result of its distinctive structure, hyperpaths in Urban Rail Transit Network (URTN) are different from those in road network. Typically, one may never visit a station more than once and would never transfer from one line to another that has been visited in a loopless URTN, meaning that stations a hyperpath traversed cannot be repeated, neither do lines in loopless networks. This paper studies the relationships between feasible path and the shortest path in terms of travel costs. In this paper, a new definition of hyperpath in URTN is proposed and a new algorithm based on the breadth first searching (BFS) method is presented to enumerate the hyperpaths. The algorithm can safely avoid hyperpath omission and can even be applied in networks containing loops as well. The influence of parameters on hyperpaths is studied by experimentally finding hyperpaths in the subway network in Beijing. A group of suggested parameter pairs are then given. Finally, a numerical experiment is used to illustrate the validity of the proposed algorithm. The results imply the significance of the convergence of the BFS algorithm which can be used to search hyperpaths in large scale URTN even with loop.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Models of Farms in the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4772
Author(s):  
Hanna Klikocka ◽  
Aneta Zakrzewska ◽  
Piotr Chojnacki
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Standard Output ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Eu

The article describes and sets the definition of different farm models under the categories of being family, small, and large-scale commercial farms. The distinction was based on the structure of the workforce and the relationship between agricultural income and the minimum wage. Family farms were dominated by the farming family providing the labour and their income per capita exceeded the net minimum wage in the country. The larger commercial farms feature a predominance of hired labour. Based on surveys, it was found that in 2016 in the EU-28 there were 10,467,000 farms (EU-13—57.3%, EU-15—42.7%). They carried out agricultural activities on an area of 173,338,000 ha (EU-13—28.5%, EU-15—71.5%). Countries of the EU-28 generated a standard output (SO) amounting to EUR 364,118,827,100 (EU-13—17.2% and EU-15—82.8%). After the delimitation, it was shown that small farming (70.8%) was the predominant form of management in the European Union (EU-13—88.2% and EU-15—79.8%) compared to family farming (18.4%) (EU-13—10.5% and EU-15—29%). In most EU countries the largest share of land resources pertains to small farms (35.6%) and family farms (38.6%) (UAA—utilised agricultural area of farms).

Runoff Fractal Dimension of Songhua River Basin in Harbin Station Based on Db4 Wavelet

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2537-2540
Author(s):  
Hai Yan Gu ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Lei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Songhua River ◽  
Songhua River Basin ◽  
The Songhua River Basin ◽  
The Songhua River

The wavelet analysis and fractal theory into the analysis of hydrological time series, fluctuations in hydrological runoff sequence given the complexity of the measurement methods--- fractal dimension. The real monthly runoffs of 28 years from Songhua River basin in Harbin station are selected as research target. Wavelet transform combined with spectrum method is used to calculate the fractal dimension of runoff. Moreover, the result demonstrates that the runoff in Songhua River basin has the characteristic of self-similarity, and the complexity of runoff in the Songhua River basin in Harbin station is described quantificationally.

Compare and Analyze of the Definition and Development of Distributed Generation in China and Abroad

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 925-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bi Bin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Basic Characteristic ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Incentive Policy ◽  
Definition Of

As the positive and important supplement to large-scale power generation, distributed generation (DG) will become key measure to promote energy conservation and solve the problems of climate change in China. Due to absence of universal authoritative definition of DG, this paper summarizes the basic characteristic of DG based on the definitions in typical countries (or organizations) and carried out general definition of DG considering our national conditions and power grid features. From the views of resource, incentive policy and industry, this paper analyzed the fundamental for DG development and compared the development status in typical countries.

scholarly journals Self-similar resistive circuits as fractal-like structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Xavier Mendes dos Santos ◽  
Carlos Molina Mendes ◽  
Marcelo Ventura Freire
Keyword(s):  
Scale Invariance ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
General Properties ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Resistive Networks ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Fractals play a central role in several areas of modern physics and mathematics. In the present work we explore resistive circuits where the individual resistors are arranged in fractal-like patterns. These circuits have some of the characteristics typically found in geometric fractals, namely self-similarity and scale invariance. Considering resistive circuits as graphs, we propose a definition of self-similar circuits which mimics a self-similar fractal. General properties of the resistive circuits generated by this approach are investigated, and interesting examples are commented in detail. Specifically, we consider self-similar resistive series, tree-like resistive networks and Sierpinski’s configurations with resistors.

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