A dogmatic presentation of four fundamental concepts of Badiou's philosophical project

In his Notes on Philosophy, which he began writing in 1796, Friedrich Schlegel asserts that ‘The fact that one person understands the other is philosophically incomprehensible, but it is certainly magical.’ In the interim a large amount of philosophical effort has been expended on trying to refute Schlegel's first claim. The fact is, though, that what Michael Dummett calls a ‘fullblooded theory of meaning’ is now looking less and less like a really feasible philosophical enterprise, so Schlegel may have actually been right. Dummett maintains that a ‘full-blooded theory of meaning’ ‘must give an explicit account, not only of what anyone must know in order to know the meaning of any given expression, but of what constitutes having such knowledge’. However, as I shall try to show via aspects of the hermeneutic tradition, it is precisely this way of talking about meaning and understanding that renders them incomprehensible. The differences between approaching the issue of understanding from the hermeneutic tradition and approaching it from the analytical tradition can, I want to suggest, tell us something important about the state of philosophy today. My aim is eventually to suggest that we need to understand the analytical version of the ‘linguistic turn’ in modern philosophy as a perhaps rather questionable aspect of a much more important ‘hermeneutic turn’, whose implications are now becoming apparent in more and more diverse areas of contemporary philosophy.

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وحدة الديني والفلسفي في مشروع "أبو يعرب المرزوقي" الحضاري

الفكر الإسلامي المعاصر (إسلامية المعرفة سابقا) ◽

10.35632/iokj.v24i93.161 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (93) ◽

pp. 118-87

Author(s):

حنان فيض الله الحسيني

Keyword(s):

Pass Through ◽

Philosophical Project ◽

The Relationship

الفيلسوف التونسي أبو يعرب المرزوقي واحد من الفلاسفة العرب المعاصرين الذين تدور حولهم الكثير من التساؤلات، من مثل: ما مدى معقولية المشروع الفلسفي الذي ما فتِئ ينظر إليه ويدافع عنه؟ هل يستطيع مشروعه في النهضة إيجاد قاعدة حقيقية يقوم عليها؟ وللإجابة عن السؤالين المطروحين، ارتأينا الوقوف عند إشكالية علاقة الفكر الديني بالفكر الفلسفي، التي يُؤسَّس المرزوقي من خلالها للإصلاح في منحيين اثنين، هما: الديني، والفلسفي؛ فالنهوض الحضاري للأمة في فلسفته يكتسب أهميته من ضرورة التوفيق بين الدين والفلسفة، في وقتٍ اشتد فيه الصراع بينهما. Abou Yaareb Al-Mazouki is a contemporary Tunisian philosopher and a controversial scholar. Questions about his philosophical project pertain to how realistic is this project, and how solid is its base To answer these questions, this paper examines the relationship between religious and philosophical thoughts. Al-Mazouki emphasizes that the path to the prospective reform has to pass through both religious and philosophical reforms. The civilizational revival of the ummah in his philosophy has its importance from the need to reconcile religion and philosophy, at a time of intense conflict between them.

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Transactionism

Media in Mind ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190872519.003.0002 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 19-48

Author(s):

Daniel Reynolds

Keyword(s):

Video Games ◽

Video Game ◽

Theoretical Approach ◽

Philosophy Of Mind ◽

Media Use ◽

Contemporary Philosophy ◽

History Of ◽

Contemporary Media ◽

The Relationship ◽

Film And Video

This chapter proposes a theoretical approach to media use that treats media and their users’ minds as continuous with one another. It calls this approach “transactionism.” It shows how the philosophy of John Dewey is relevant to the study of contemporary media. The chapter shows how Dewey’s ideas can clarify historical problems from throughout the history of media studies. It uses examples from video games and films to illustrate the utility of transactionism in thinking about individual media and in thinking about relationships among media. It shows how contemporary philosophy of mind extends concepts from Dewey’s philosophy. This clarifies the relationship between Dewey’s ideas and the film and video game examples that the chapter presents.

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6. The masked philosopher

Foucault: A Very Short Introduction ◽

10.1093/actrade/9780198830788.003.0006 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 53-65

Author(s):

Gary Gutting

Keyword(s):

General Scheme ◽

Current Situation ◽

Contemporary Philosophy ◽

Philosophical Project ◽

Object Of Knowledge

Foucault sometimes admitted and sometimes denied that he was a philosopher. ‘The masked philosopher’ asks what a philosopher is and ponders whether Foucault really was a philosopher. Is philosophy an academic, perhaps technical and specialist, subject? Did Foucault’s work contribute to the modern (Kantian) philosophical project? Foucault’s interest in philosophy comes from his interest in how contemporary philosophy fits into the general scheme of history. Philosophy should be focused not on perennial questions, but on the question of what is distinctive about our current situation. To Foucault, the difficulty is in understanding how a single, unified being can be the transcendental source of all possible knowledge at the same time as being the object of knowledge.

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NIHILIZMAS IR NAUJIEJI REALIZMAI

Problemos ◽

10.15388/problemos.2012.0.723 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

pp. 7-17

Author(s):

Rita Šerpytytė

Keyword(s):

Contemporary Philosophy ◽

New Realism ◽

Specific Interpretation ◽

Postmodern Philosophy ◽

The Relationship

Straipsnyje svarstomas šiuolaikinėje filosofijoje atsinaujinęs ginčas „apie tikrovę / realybę“. Šis ginčas pristatomas analizuojant vieno ryškiausių jo iniciatorių – vadinamojo naujojo realizmo atstovo Maurizio Ferrario poziciją. Ferrario „realistinio“ palinkimo ištakos atpažįstamos iš Nietzsche’s frazės „Nėra faktų, tiktai interpretacijos“ savito traktavimo. Straipsnyje atskleidžiama, kad su šios frazės permąstymu Ferraris’o filosofijoje sietina ir modernybės / postmoderno kritika, ir naujojo realizmo pozicijoje išryškėjanti realybės samprata. Parodomas naujojo realizmo perspektyvoje atsiskleidžiantis modernybės / postmoderno santykis, svarstomas postmodernistinis tikrovės / realybės praradimas, kurį fiksuoja tikrovės „virgoletizacija“. Keliamas klausimas, ką reiškia realybę „imti į kabutes“. Tačiau sykiu aptariant Ferrario mokytojo ir oponento Vattimo poziciją, klausiama – „kam reikalinga, kam tarnauja tiesa be kabučių?“ Vattimo ontologinės hermeneutikos persektyvoje iškylanti interpretacinė realybės/tikrovės samprata straipsnyje parodoma kaip alternatyva Ferrario naujojo realizmo požiūriui. Kita vertus, atskleidžiamas Ferrario realybės sampratos giminingumas Kanto ir Fichte’s kritiko Jacobi realistinėms sveiko proto nuostatoms bei jos santykis su nihilizmu.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: realybė, interpretacija, postmodernizmas, ėmimas į kabutes, nihilizmas. Nihilism and the New RealismsRita ŠerpytytėSummaryThe article deals with the controversy ‘concerning reality’ – an ongoing and constantly updated discussion in the contemporary philosophy. The analysis stems from the premises proposed by Maurizio Ferraris – one of the most prominent initiators and representatives of the so-called ‘new realism’. The roots of Maurizio Ferraris’s inclination to ‘realism’ can be recognized in his specific interpretation of Nietzsche’s phrase “There are no facts, only interpretations”. The article reveals that there is a link between this revised phrase and Ferraris’s criticism of modern and postmodern philosophy as well as the concept of reality represented by ‘new realism’. The relationship between modernism and postmodernism, the postFerraris, modern ‘loss’ of reality, expressed as a ‘virgolettazione della realtà’ (i.e. putting the reality into commas) is discussed from the perspective of new realism. The question is what do these commas mean for reality? Or one could ask together with Gianni Vattimo: “Who would need the truth without commas, and whom would this truth serve?” In fact, Vattimo’s ontological hermeneutic and the concept of reality intertwined with interpretation appears as an alternative to Ferraris’s position. Finally, the article discloses the affinity of Ferraris’s concept with the Jacobi’s commonsense take on reality and its relation to nihilism.Key words: reality, interpretation, postmodernism, putting into commas, nihilism.

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To philosophize by dreaming, to dream by philosophizing: an encounter of children

Praxis & Saber ◽

10.19053/22160159.v10.n23.2019.9690 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (23) ◽

pp. 61-75

Author(s):

Edna Olimpia da Cunha ◽

Waldênia Leão de Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Continuing Education ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Public Institutions ◽

State University ◽

Joint Work ◽

The Public ◽

Project Participants ◽

Philosophical Project ◽

The Relationship

This text is inspired by the joint work of two public institutions: State University of Rio de Janeiro and Municipal School Joaquim da Silva Peçanha, located on the outskirts of the State of Rio de Janeiro, through the continuing education and research project entitled Can philosophy be incorporated in Caxias? The public school bets on thinking. The project was initially intended to be developed only in courses for children but then it was expanded to courses for young people and adults. We address the possible relation between the establishment and the expansion of the philosophical project and children’s affirmation power as a breakthrough and novelty. In other words, we seek to study what childhood can be, not only for children but for people of all ages. How can the relationship between children, philosophizing, thinking, and dreaming be addressed? Often, we the project participants are surprised by the curiosity stimulated by sharing and telling our stories. We will aim to recover remarkable experiences in order to analyze the power of philosophy in overcoming boundaries, becoming childish, inviting to dream, and transforming lives.

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Fictionalism and the problem of universals in the philosophy of mathematics

Filozofija i drustvo ◽

10.2298/fid1803415d ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 415-428

Author(s):

Strahinja Djordjevic

Keyword(s):

20Th Century ◽

Philosophy Of Mathematics ◽

The Other ◽

Contemporary Philosophy ◽

Ontological Status ◽

Hartry Field ◽

Other Hand ◽

Points Of View ◽

The Relationship

Many long-standing problems pertaining to contemporary philosophy of mathematics can be traced back to different approaches in determining the nature of mathematical entities which have been dominated by the debate between realists and nominalists. Through this discussion conceptualism is represented as a middle solution. However, it seems that until the 20th century there was no third position that would not necessitate any reliance on one of the two points of view. Fictionalism, on the other hand, observes mathematical entities in a radically different way. This is reflected in the claim that the concepts being used in mathematics are nothing but a product of human fiction. This paper discusses the relationship between fictionalism and two traditional viewpoints within the discussion which attempts to successfully determine the ontological status of universals. One of the main points, demonstrated with concrete examples, is that fictionalism cannot be classified as a nominalist position (despite contrary claims of authors such as Hartry Field). Since fictionalism is observed as an independent viewpoint, it is necessary to examine its range as well as the sustainability of the implications of opinions stated by their advocates.

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Methodology of projective thinking in the teaching of N. F. Fedorov

Solov’evskie issledovaniya ◽

10.17588/2076-9210.2020.3.048-061 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 48-61

Author(s):

O.D. Masloboeva

Keyword(s):

Human Activity ◽

Social Practice ◽

Moral Regulation ◽

Common Cause ◽

Global Projects ◽

The Subject ◽

The Common ◽

Philosophical Project ◽

Scientific Worldview ◽

The Relationship

The article is devoted to the methodological aspect of the philosophy of the «Common cause» of the founder of Russian cosmism. First of all, the author reveals the historical prerequisites for the reflexivity of the projective nature of human activity, achieved through the synergy of the philosophical and scientific worldview, which is expressed in the paradigmatic functioning of culture. It is shown that as social practice became more complex, there was a deepening of awareness of human nature and its activities in the context of philosophical anthropology. The key moments in the development of human thought in the indicated direction are analyzed: Socratic and Kantian revolutions in culture. It is proved that N. F. Fedorov makes another revolution, removing the Kantian dualism of the subjective and objective and thus satisfying the urgent need to realize the attribution of the projective nature of human activity, which organically combines the theoretical and practical sides of social development. It is proved that at the same time Fedorov reproduces the Socratic revolution on a qualitatively new level, rooting after Socrates the moral regulation of «the sons of men « in the Foundation of being. The influence of Russian thought on the birth of the philosophy of «Common cause» is noted. The content of the Fedorov project is investigated: its subject and object, its goal in itself and the conditions for implementation. At the same time, the core of the theoretical justification of the project is revealed. It consists in the recognition of the transformation of the contemplative type of worldview into an active one, which leads to the formulation of the problem of freedom in the context of the relationship between subjective and objective factors in order to understand what depends and what does not depend on the subject of the project in realizing the goal. It is concluded that the theoretical depth and methodological validity of the Fedorov project consists in revealing the dialectics of the essence and phenomenon, i.e. in justifying the need to replace «the question of universal enrichment with the question of universal return of life». The goal of the comparative analysis of global projects is to reflexive the criterion of a truly philosophical project, which consists in the synergy of methodological optimality and worldview sense.

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Philosophy as Creative Discovery

Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies ◽

10.5840/jis1999111/28 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 157-174

Author(s):

Oskar Gruenwald ◽

Keyword(s):

Golden Age ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Science And Religion ◽

Liberal Learning ◽

Science Ethics ◽

The Third ◽

Philosophy Today ◽

Third Millennium ◽

The Relationship

At the dawn of the Third Millennium, philosophy is at an important crossroads in its role as paideia—philosophy educating humanity. A major challenge for philosophy today is to mediate the emergmg science-religion dialogue, and enhance understanding of the relationship between science, ethics, and faith. Curiously, the methodological dilemmas and thorny issues of demarcation between science and religion reflect a new awareness regarding metascientific questions posed by science itself. We are at the threshold of a new Golden Age of scientific discoveries and faith-informed, interdisciplinary, and liberal learning interconnecting once more all areas of knowledge with ethics and faith. The likely key to new discoveries is an interdisciplinary approach seeking interrelatedness between all phenomena. This means also that the restoration of philosqphy in the classic sense as sophia or the love of wisdom can only be achieved within the larger framework of dialogue among all disciplines in the quest for truth.

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CRISTIANISMO HOJE: A CARITAS COMO EXISTENCIAL TEOLÓGICO FUNDAMENTAL

Interações - cultura e comunidade ◽

10.5752/p.1983-2478.2015v10n18p210 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (18) ◽

pp. 210

Author(s):

Vicente De Paula Ferreira ◽

Paulo Sérgio Carrara

Keyword(s):

Modern Society ◽

Title Page ◽

Contemporary Philosophy ◽

De Se ◽

Christian Love ◽

The Relationship

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column">RESUMO Parte da filosofia contemporanea assume a caritas como fundamento hermenêutico importante para os avanços da sociedade pós-moderna. De maneira especial, o pensamento enfraquecido de Gianni Vattimo privilegia a relação entre hermenêutica niilista e kênosis divina. Sugere que o amor cristão é o suporte para a contínua promoção de uma época fraterna. No entanto, a questão de sua fundamentação esbarra nos limites de uma racionalidade imanente, trazendo à luz a necessidade de se pensar também em sua dimensão transcendental. Por isso, o artigo busca colher as contribuições de uma leitura imanente da caritas, mostrando como a dimensão do dom divino, aprofunda-a e revela seu sentido teológico. Ou seja, o evento cristão manifesta, na vida de Cristo, a dignidade mais radical da antropologia, apresentando o amor como dom e tarefa salvífica. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Pensamento Enfraquecido. Caritas. Transcendência. Solidariedade. Cristianismo. ABSTRACT Part of contemporary philosophy takes the caritas as important hermeneutical foundation for advances in post-modern society. In a special way, weakening philosophy from Gianni Vattimo focuses on the relationship between nihilistic hermeneutics and divine kenosis. Propone that Christian love is support for the continued promotion of a fraternal society. However, the question of the foundation comes up in the limits of an immanent rationality, bringing to light, the need to think about its transcendental dimension. Therefore, the article seeks to collect the contributions of an immanent reading of caritas, showing how the dimension of the divine gift, deepens it and reveals its theological sense. So, the christian event indicates in the life of Christ, the most radical dignity of anthropology presenting love as a gift and saving task. KEYWORDS: Weakened Thought. Caritas. Transcendence. Solidarity. Christianity. </div></div></div>

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