scholarly journals Living conditions of informal workers: A sociological study of brick kiln workers in district Budgam of Kashmir valley

Temida ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-237
Author(s):  
Shabir Najar ◽  
Wakar Zargar ◽  
Shazia Manzoor ◽  
Aadil Bashir ◽  
Bilal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Brick Kiln ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Living Space ◽  
The Government

In India, the brick kiln industry is a huge industry employing millions of workers belonging to both rural and urban areas. Most workers in the brick kiln industry reside near the worksites in unhygienic and shabby homes, mainly made up of raw bricks. The present research was carried out on migrant workers who work in the brick kiln industry in District Budgam of Kashmir valley. It is a qualitative study carried out with the help of a focused group discussion with the workers. The study has revealed that all the workers are from Bihar and work in the brick kiln industry for six to seven months per year. All the respondents of the study with whom group discussion was done were illiterate. There are various problems associated with workers like health problems, lack of proper living space, the problem of child labour and lack of any social security support from the government. Workers in the brick kiln industry work under a very high-pressure workload especially during the peak season of construction. There is an urgent need on part of the government to frame some policies for the welfare and protection of migrant brick kiln workers. Further, employers should also provide safe living space and social security to workers.

scholarly journals Social Policy, COVID-19 and Impoverished Migrants: Challenges and Prospects in Locked Down India

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohini Sengupta ◽  
Manish K. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

As countries shore up existing safeguards to address the social and economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, India faces a humanitarian disaster of unprecedented proportions. Ninety per cent of the Indian workforce is employed in the unorganised sector; uncounted millions work in urban areas at great distances from rural homes. When the Government of India (GOI) announced the sudden ‘lockdown’ in March to contain the spread of the pandemic, migrant informal workers were mired in a survival crisis, through income loss, hunger, destitution and persecution from authorities policing containment and fearful communities maintaining ‘social distance’. In this context, the article analyses how poverty, informality and inequality are accentuated by the COVID-19 pandemic experiences of ‘locked down’ migrant workers. The article examines the nature and scope of existing social policy, designed under changing political regimes and a fluctuating economic climate, to protect this vulnerable group and mitigate dislocation, discrimination and destitution at this moment and in future.

scholarly journals Filipino Farmers’ Awareness and Adaptation to Climate Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. p8
Author(s):  
Genalyn Panganiban Lualhati ◽  
Shiela R. Lumbaga ◽  
Nazarene Carlo M. Pagaspas ◽  
Ma. Fatima N. Quimio
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Government

In the Philippines, agriculture plays a vital role because this sector can contribute a lot in the development of the economy. The value of documenting the agriculture growth annually and the problems encountered is being done by the government particularly, the Department of Agriculture (DA) to come up with interventions or programs to support the Filipino farmers, both in rural and urban areas. Hence, this study focused on determining the farmers’ awareness on climate change and their adaptation strategies in one municipality in Batangas Province. By employing mixed method through self-made questionnaire and focus group discussion, this study revealed that respondents are highly aware on climate change and the best strategy to use in adapting to climate change was conservation agriculture. The study offered recommendations that different authorities can employ to strengthen the farmer’s awareness and adaptation on climate change.

scholarly journals Land Expropriation and Compensation Process Among Development Induced Displaced Households: The Case of Dejen Woreda Rural Kebeles

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Demeke Siltan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Land Expropriation ◽  
Public Meetings ◽  
Involuntary Migration ◽  
Valuation Process ◽  
Land Valuation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Development-induced projects are factor for involuntary migration to urban areas for the search of better employment raised the rate of vulnerability for socio-economic inequalities. The aim of this study was to explore land expropriation process and Compensation issues among development induced displaced households. The study employed mixed methods approach. Quantitative data were gathered through structured questionnaire and qualitative data were collected via interview and focus group discussion. By using Census survey a total of 162 displaced households participated in the study. The finding revealed that majority of the households (87.8%) did not participate Invitation on public meetings 84.0% did not Participation in the land valuation process and almost all 95.5% did not Participation in inventory of Assets. In addition 85.9% of the respondents did not assume that the valuation process was transparent. The fining also revealed that the amount of money paid as compensation for the displaced households is not fair/ enough as compared with what they lose. Therefore the government should provide fair amount of compensation for households who lost their land because of deemed development projects.

scholarly journals ​Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Indian Agriculture: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Goel ◽  
Mohinder Singh ◽  
Anshul Phaugat ◽  
Sapna Grewal ◽  
Mukesh Goel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Direct Loss ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

More than 10 million laborer have been displaced from their usual workplaces during the suddenly announced lockdown by the government of India in 2020 in order to prevent and control the spread of one of the deadliest diseases of our times namely; COVID 19, popularly known as Sars Corona Virus in March - June 2020; as per the official figures provided by the GOI. There has not been a single sector that remained unaffected from the devastating impacts of COVID-19, not even agriculture. The impact of lockdown on agriculture is hard to measure as it involves a complex relationship between multiple direct and indirect factors like labour availability, lack of supply of raw materials from the agro-industrial sector etc. The lockdown period created severe economic implications (negative) for farmers (small, marginal and large), landless laborer and all the other agricultural stakeholders who had to face new challenges for earning their livelihood. The direct loss to the agriculture sector was estimated to multi-corers by various government officials while the indirect losses may be many folds of the direct loss. The marginal income of laborers in the agriculture sector was believed to be coming close to zero due to lockdown conditions. In addition to this, smart investments, improved technologies and standardized model frameworks must be designed for the agriculture sector to combat the COVID 19 impact. The current analytical review is focused on all the major factors associated with the agriculture sector that have been highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, ranging from production, storage to procurement and selling. The lockdown has choked off almost all economic activities. In urban areas, COVID-19 forced widespread loss of jobs and incomes for informal workers. Estimated by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, unemployment shot up from 8.4% in mid-March to 23% in the first week of April 2020 further soaring to 30.9% by the end of April, 2020. We have also looked into the possible strategies that can be taken into consideration by the government as well as those associated with the agricultural-food sector. This pandemic has emerged several new challenges to the agricultural sector but has given us time to think and strategize things for better management in future. Suggestions have also been made to adopt alternate approaches and work in this newly created world with the ability of better resource handling.

scholarly journals A Study of Vertical Dwelling Design Model Based on Community Interaction in Winongo Riverbank Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-186
Author(s):  
Sidhi Pramudito ◽  
Antonius Lanang Tegar Wicaksana Praptantya ◽  
David Jeffry Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Urban Rivers ◽  
Community Interaction ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Living Space ◽  
The Government

Riverbanks are one of the urban areas that often experience decrease in its environment quality. This is caused by the improper utilization of riverbanks as a living space. Consequently, the quality of adequate housing for the community is difficult to achieve. Although the government has tried to build flats as a solution to the problem, some residents choose to abandon them because of its formal and rigid vertical dwelling model that make the residents feel lack of togetherness and interaction between community. This kind of communal perspectives sometimes cannot be found when they live in horizontal dwelling (kampung). The purpose of this paper is to generate recomendation for a vertical dwelling model based on the form of community interaction in Kampung Gampingan, located at the Winongo River. The paper is expected to be an alternative solution for stakeholders in planning and designing settlements, especially in villages on the banks of urban rivers.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN PEKERJA MIGRAN: SUATU KONSEPSI MENGHAPUS MASALAH KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL DI KELURAHAN PRAWIRODIRJAN (Empowering of Migrant Workers: A Conception for Eliminating Social Welfare Problems in Prawirodirjan)

Sosio Informa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Karinina
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Problem Drug

Actually, a serious program for poverty alleviation has been started since the last five years. Ta alleviate poverty problem especially in urban areas should not be focused on physical infrastructure development alone. it should be considering the dimension of social development to make urban development to be more harmony. Poverty alleviation is almost considered as the ultimate goals of the city planning, and this problem caused by the process of urbanization.Contemporary social problems in urban areas such as financial assistant for the poor, adolescent problem, drug abuse, criminality, prosti tution, social dysfunction, social cinflict, etc. Efforts to prevent these problems are needed; and improvement the quality of life of migrant workers should be the priority for the government of the municipalities. Regarding these problems, results of the the research in Keluraban Prawirodirjan found evidences that the empowerement program directed to migrant workers resulting a good lessons lerned for us.

Thinking on Completing the Social Security Systems toward the Rural Migrant Workers in Cities

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 2039-2044
Author(s):  
Lei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Rural Migrant ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rural Migrant Workers

Rural migrant workers in cities exist as a special group and its social security issue attracts much attention from the country and the government. Despite of it, there emerges a serious of problems in the process of social security completion toward rural migrant workers. For example, significant discrepancy between rural migrant workers’ economic contribution and social security policy; low positivity and little awareness of participation in the social security system; lagging behind of Endowment insurance ; disparity between rural areas and urban areas; The shortage of rural migrant workers’ medical security; Difficulties in implementing rural migrant workers’ social security, and so on . This essay, through analyzing causes of these problems, bring up suggestions on: reforming the census register policy and land policy and eliminating the disparity between the rural and the urban; Systematizing rural migrant workers’ social security net; Building the social relief system for rural migrant workers concentrating on ensuring a minimum standard of living and their medical insurance system; completing social security system, and the like.

scholarly journals Geographic Differences of Individual Views toward the Role of Government

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-96
Author(s):  
Daniel Fudge
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Services ◽  
The United States ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Government Involvement ◽  
The Government

Government, through the provision of public services, plays an integral role in the lives of American citizens.  In consequence, public opinion of government involvement has been consistently measured through the use of national surveys in order to better evaluate the public’s reaction to specific public policies.  While measuring of aggregate public opinions on government involvement is valuable, there are certainly differences across various groups of Americans.  The United States may be divided when it comes to partisanship and ideology, but perhaps there are also significant divisions between Americans based on their geography, or “place”.  Using data from the American National Election Survey from 1994-2008, this study examines the differences in opinion on government spending towards public services, welfare programs, and Social Security.  Rooted in the idea that different “places” harbor varying degrees of support for the government, I hypothesize that the role of government is viewed differently between urban and rural America, further demonstrating that America experiences an urban-rural division in regard to perceptions of American politics.  The findings demonstrate that ideology drives Americans’ support for these specific policies and that “place” can serve as a conditioning effect on the standard ideological view.  Specifically, liberals living in rural areas are less supportive of government spending than their liberal counterparts living in more urban areas.  Additionally, rural liberals are less supportive of welfare spending; however, are more supportive of Social Security than liberals from urban areas.

scholarly journals Protection of Migrant Workers from Upstream to Downstream through “Peduli Buruh Migran” Villages (Desbumi): Study at Kuripan Village, Central Java and Nyerot Village, West Nusa Tenggara

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyas Retno Wulan ◽  
Dalhar Shodiq ◽  
Wita Ramadhanti ◽  
Sri Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The World ◽  
State Present ◽  
The Government

<p>ABSTRACT<br />The high Number of Indonesian migrant workers (IMWs)workingin abroad, in facts, is not supported by adequate government protections. Due to BNP2TKI Crisis Center data of 2016, there are at least 27 thousand casesfaced by IMWs working in many countries all over the world. According to the research results conducted Wulan (2011), problems faced by IMWs in the destination countries, 80 percent of those come from villages. A village actually has strategic roles to becomes a foundation of safe migrations since villages arethe first exit doorsforpotential IMWs. The government negligence in protecting IMWs eventually results in village constructive fights to protect their people. IMWs protection is realized in migrant workers caring villages initiated by some villages such as inKuripan Wonosbo Central Java and Nyerot Lombok West Nusa Tenggara; Qualitative method is used in this research by having deep interviews, observation, andfocus group discussion with head of Desbumi’s village, village goverment.The results show that the existence of Desbumi can be a model of IMW’s protection from upstream to downstream and it means that the state present in the protection of IMWs.<br />Keywords: Village, desbumi, protection, Indonesian Migrant Workers</p><p><br />ABSTRAK<br />Tingginya jumlah Buruh Migran Indonesia (BMI) yang bekerja ke luar negeri, ternyata tidak diimbangi perlindungan yang memadai oleh negara. Pada tahun 2011-2016 berdasarkan data dari Crisis Center BNP2TKI, terdapat sedikitnya 27 ribu kasus yang menimpa BMI yang berada di berbagai negara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Ecosoc (2008), permasalahan yang dihadapi BMI di Negara tujuan, 80 persen sumbernya justru berasal dari desa. Desa sebenarnya memiliki peran yang sangat strategis untuk menjadi basis bermigrasi aman, karena desa adalah pintu keluar yang pertama bagi seorang calon BMI. Abainya pemerintah terhadap perlindungan BMI pada akhirnya justru melahirkan perlawanan-perlawanan yang konstruktif dari desa-desa untuk melindungi para warga mereka. Perlindungan terhadap BMI itu diwujudkan dalam desa peduli buruh migran (desbumi) yang diinisiasi beberapa desa, antara lain Desa Nyerot Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Desa Kuripan Wonosobo Jawa Tengah. Untuk itu peneilitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dampak keberadaan Desbumi terhadap perlindungan BMI. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara mendalam dan FGD terhadap kepala desa, pengurus desbumi serta tokoh masyarakat di Desa Kuripan Wonosobo Jawa Tengah dan desa Nyerot Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan desbumi mampu menjadi model perlindungan BMI dari hulu sampai hilir dan menjadikan negara hadir dalam perlindungan BMI.<br />Kata kunci; Desa, desbumi, perlindungan, Buruh Migran Indonesia</p>

scholarly journals STUDI MODEL RANCANGAN HUNIAN VERTIKAL BERDASARKAN BENTUK INTERAKSI WARGA DI BANTARAN SUNGAI WINONGO YOGYAKARTA (A Study of Vertical Dwelling Design Model Based on Community Interaction in Winongo Riverbank Yogyakarta)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arteks Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Urban Rivers ◽  
Community Interaction ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Living Space ◽  
The Government

Riverbanks are one of the urban areas that often experience decrease in its environment quality. This is caused by the improper utilization of riverbanks as a living space. Consequently, the quality of adequate housing for the community is difficult to achieve. Although the government has tried to build flats as a solution to the problem, some residents choose to abandon them because of its formal and rigid vertical dwelling model that make the residents feel lack of togetherness and interaction between community. This kind of communal perspectives sometimes cannot be found when they live in horizontal dwelling (kampung). The purpose of this paper is to generate recomendation for a vertical dwelling model based on the form of community interaction in Kampung Gampingan, located at the Winongo River. The paper is expected to be an alternative solution for stakeholders in planning and designing settlements, especially in villages on the banks of urban rivers.

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