scholarly journals Domestic violence against immigrant women in transit - The case of Serbia

Temida ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-58
Author(s):  
Natalija Perisic
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
European Union ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
In Transit

The focus of the paper is on domestic violence against immigrant women during the transit and stay in Serbia, on their way from MENA countries1 to the European Union. The objective is to present and analyze the phenomenon. It is contextualized within a theoretical framework of intersections between domestic violence, migration and the crisis and consideration of migration from MENA countries flowing through Serbia, as a part of the Western Balkan?s Route, with an emphasis on immigrant women. This is followed by the scrutinisation of domestic violence against immigrant women in Serbia - its occurrence and reporting, along with the author?s reflections thereof. Main conclusions point to the importance of preventive and empowering strategies directed towards immigrant women. Challenges to that are numerous: some stem from underperformance of services aimed at prevention and empowerment of women who are victims of domestic violence in Serbia in general, and some are related to the factors specific for the situation of immigrant women.

scholarly journals Unia Europejska wobec Bałkanów Zachodnich w kontekście kryzysu migracyjnego w latach 2015‑2019

Politeja ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3(66)) ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
Wawrzyniec Banach
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Accession Process ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
The Eu

European Union towards Western Balkans in the Context of Migration Crisis 2015‑2019 The aim of the article is to analyse the actions taken by the European Union towards the Western Balkans in the context of the migration crisis. The study assumes that the migration crisis was an important factor accelerating the accession process of the Western Balkan countries to the European Union. In order to fulfil the research goal, an analysis of sources (European Union documents) was conducted. The paper uses elements of the theory of the regional security complex as a theoretical framework. Firstly, the activities of the European Union before the migration crisis are discussed. Next, the paper focuses on presenting the course of the crisis on the Western Balkan route. The further part of the study discusses the actions taken by the EU towards the countries of the Western Balkans in response to the migration crisis.

Trans-Saharan Migration Through and From the Sahel

2021 ◽  
pp. 746-766
Author(s):  
Harouna Mounkaila
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
First Century ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Migratory Patterns ◽  
In Transit

This chapter describes the dynamics of trans-Saharan migration in relation to the migratory policies implemented in the Sahel in the second decade of the twenty-first century. It argues that the circulation of migrants between the Sahara’s northern and southern edges is not a new phenomenon even though it has intensified and diversified in recent decades. It pays particular attention to the migration policies implemented in Sahelian countries under pressure from the European Union and other partners, with the goal of containing the migration of nationals as well as persons from other countries who are passing through the Sahel. The chapter discusses how the focus on securitization of borders is leading to the criminalization of migration in transit countries. It then analyzes the repercussions of these policies on the conditions for migration, the longstanding migratory patterns in this zone, and the region’s unsteady socioeconomic equilibrium.

scholarly journals Changes in the ways of life of farmers in the northwest of Portugal after 1980

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Ana Louise de Carvalho Fiúza ◽  
Maria Johanna Schouten ◽  
Neide Maria de Almeida Pinto
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Consumer Markets ◽  
The Family ◽  
Theory Of Structuration ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ways Of Life

ABSTRACT This study analyzes the changes from 1980s in the lifestyles of families of pluriactive and exclusively agricultural farmers in the northwest of Portugal caused by the income arising from the migration of at least one member of the family to another country in the European Union and the narrowing of the labor and consumer markets among the villages, towns and cities. The theoretical framework used to analyze the changes in the way of life of the pluriactive farmers was based on Giddens' theory of structuration, which denies both the absolute determinism of the structure on the subject and the freedom of unrestrained action of these same subjects. The study was carried out with the application of a survey to 78 farmers, divided into "pluriactive" and "exclusively agricultural" farmers. The findings pointed out to a greater aquisition of modes of urban life by pluriactive farmers compared with the exclusively agricultural farmers and showed a generational bias in this process of acculturation.

Extended Confiscation and the Proposed Directive on Freezing and Confiscation of Criminal Proceeds in the EU: On Striking a Balance between Efficiency, Fairness and Legal Certainty

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Boucht
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
National Level ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Target Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Proceeds Of Crime ◽  
Procedural Safeguards ◽  
The Eu

This article consists of a principled analysis of extended confiscation as a legal phenomenon according to Article 4 of the Proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the freezing and confiscation of proceeds of crime in the European Union (COM (2012) 85 final). The analysis aims at creating a theoretical framework by which the legitimacy of schemes on extended confiscation can be assessed, both at EU level and at national level. This model utilises three parameters of assessment: the target area of extended confiscation, procedural safeguards and fairness (proportionality). The Commission proposal is set against these parameters and a suggestion is made for how the provision in the proposal could be revised in order to better fulfil the conditions put forward.

scholarly journals COOPERATIVES AND COMPETITION LAW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Sousa Ferro ◽  
Alcione Paulo ◽  
Carolina Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past

The present paper aims at providing an overview of the extent to which cooperatives are subject to the rules of Competition Law. Focusing primarily on EU and Portuguese Competition Law, the paper begins by tackling the legal theoretical framework. It then provides examples of how Competition Law has been applied to cooperatives in the past, in a few jurisdictions of the European Union.

scholarly journals Enhanced Cooperation, EMU Reforms and Their Implications for Differentiation in the European Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-106
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kubin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Maastricht Treaty ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Future ◽  
Differentiated Integration ◽  
Treaty Of Amsterdam ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Initially, before the entry into force of the Maastricht Treaty, differences in integration between members of the European Communities (EC; later the European Union) were relatively few and usually temporary in nature. The Schengen Agreement, the Maastricht Treaty and the Treaty of Amsterdam, and the possibility of establishing enhanced cooperation meant that the problem was becoming more and more important in the functioning of the EU—both in theory and in practice. The objective of the paper is to show that for several years, along with the stagnation in the deepening of integration between all the EU Member States, differentiation of integration in the EU is progressing very rapidly. The progressing differentiation in the EU is a consequence of mainly two processes: the development of enhanced cooperation and reforms in the eurozone, which are strengthened by the widening of the EU. The article covers the issue of the categorization of differentiation of European Union integration, which constitutes the theoretical framework for further considerations. Specified processes which contribute to increasing the differentiation of the EU are discussed, showing the development of enhanced cooperation in the EU and presenting the reforms of the eurozone. The article concludes with the identification and the consequences of differentiated integration, both those that have already occurred and those that may occur in the future.

"LEADERS" AND "LAGGARDS" OR THE POST-COMMUNIST ROADS TO DEMOCRACY

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-84
Author(s):  
SIMONIDA KACARSKA
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
Current Member ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Specific Country ◽  
Freedom House

Abstract Summary: The purpose of this article is to examine the different progress of the post-communist world in consolidating democracy, in order to determine the suitability of a collective or group-based examination. The article argues that the post-communist countries should not be analyzed as a single unit, but separately into groups according to the progress in consolidating democracy. Conceptually, the article utilizes Linz and Stepan's five arenas of consolidated democracy. The article employs comparative methodology using empirical data from the Freedom House Nations in Transit reports and specific country reports comparing the particular problems each of the separate groups face. The article highlights the differences in the progress in consolidating democracy between three groups of post-communist countries: the current member of the European Union (EU), the countries of Southeastern Europe, and the non-Baltic former Soviet countries.

scholarly journals United in fear: Interest group coalition formation as a weapon of the weak?

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Hanegraaff ◽  
Andrea Pritoni
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
European Union ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Coalition Formation ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
The European Union

Although many interest groups work together perpetually, most academic studies agree that coalition formation does not lead to more influence. In this article, we try to explain these puzzling findings. While former research generally tends to frame the decision of forming an interest group coalition as a strength, in this paper, we argue that coalition building should be considered as a ‘weapon of the weak’. Interest groups fearing that they are insufficiently influential, and whose very existence as an organisation is at risk, are more likely to coalesce. This theoretical framework is tested on a sample of around 3000 interest groups in six European countries – Belgium, Italy, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Slovenia and Sweden – and the European Union. Empirical findings clearly demonstrate that perceived fears – oriented towards both organisational survival and policy influence – have an effect on how likely it is that an interest group will decide to build a coalition.

Transnational Solidarity, Migration, and the Refugee Crisis: (In)Formal Organising and Political Environments in Greece, Germany, and Denmark

2020 ◽  
pp. 136078042093703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Kanellopoulos ◽  
Deniz Neriman Duru ◽  
Ulrike Zschache ◽  
Angelos Loukakis ◽  
Maria Kousis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Opportunities ◽  
Political Environments ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Transnational Solidarity ◽  
Shed Light

Over the last decade, the unprecedented influx of refugees and migrants into the European Union has posed a significant challenge to Europe, with solidarity being contested at two fronts: first, the question of solidarity with refugees in terms of meeting adequate measures of protection and satisfying their elementary needs; and second, the question of solidarity within the European Union in terms of sharing the costs and burden of hosting these refugees among the member states. One driving factor of these contestations is that the solidarity challenge in facing the ‘refugee crisis’ is taken up differently in transit countries in the South of Europe and destination countries in the North. Wishing to shed light on how national contexts impact transnational solidarity organising, we draw on a fresh set of cross-national evidence from a random sample of 277 transnational solidarity organisations (TSOs) in Greece, Germany, and Denmark. The aim is to illustrate the effects of political opportunities and threats during the 2007–2016 crises period on migration-related solidarity activities organised by TSOs. We will do so through tri-national comparisons tracing migration-related TSO patterns across time. The data used is produced in the context of the TRANSSOL project by a new methodological approach (action organisation analysis) based on hubs-retrieved organisational websites and their subsequent content analysis.

scholarly journals DETENTION OF ASYLUM SEEKERS THROUGH THE PRACTICE OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF HUNGARY AND THE PERSPECTIVES OF THE NEW PACT ON MIGRATION AND ASYLUM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Čepo
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
In Transit

Restrictions on freedom of movement, in particular the detention of asylum seekers as the most severe form of such restrictions, constitute an interference with fundamental human rights and must be approached with particular care. In view of the migration and refugee crisis, the Republic of Hungary has begun to amend its asylum legislation, thus tightening the conditions for the detention of asylum seekers. The introduction of the provision establishing that asylum may be sought only in transit zones has also led to the gradual detention of asylum seekers in transit zones, which Hungary did not consider as detention. This issue was brought before the Court of Justice of the European Union (hereinafter: CJEU), which drastically changed the path taken by the Hungarian government when it comes to detaining asylum seekers. What the CJEU has found is that leaving people in transit zones without the right to free movement is to be considered detention, even though they are not specialized detention facilities. The CJEU ordered that such a practice must cease immediately. Therefore, this paper will examine the Hungarian practice following the judgment of the CJEU. The CJEU has taken a major step towards protecting the rights of asylum seekers as regards detention, and the EU recently adopted amendments as part of the new Pact on Migration and Asylum aimed at improving the existing asylum system. The second part of the paper analyzes the provisions of the new Pact on Migration and Asylum related to detention in order to determine whether the proposed amendments contribute to the Common European Asylum System and the protection of the human rights of asylum seekers or represent a step backwards.

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