scholarly journals Family constellation as a treatment for overcoming the consequences of violence on victims

Temida ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-240
Author(s):  
Jasna Hrncic
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Consequences Of Violence

The subject of this paper is the implementation of family constellations by Bert Hellinger in work with clients with special emphasis on victims of physical and sexual violence. Although extremely popular in Europe and the world it has not been presented in Serbian scientific literature. As the approach has been developed in Germany as an answer to the situation where a significant part of population was a victim or perpetrator of violence during the Second World War causing suffering not only to them, but also to their offsprings, it offers a special contribution to the work with victims of violence. The aims of the paper are the presentation and analysis of the implementation of family constellations by Bert Hellinger and their effects generally in work with clients as well as with victims of physical and sexual violence. The technique of family constellations based on systemic and phenomenological approach is presented and discussed. Work is in the group, where participants form the circle and person who seeks problem resolution invites representatives - persons who are crucial for problem solution previously agreed with constellation facilitator - constellator. The constellator communicate with the representatives, encouraging them to express feelings, sensations and movement that will facilitate progress towards finding the optimal solution. The basic theoretical concepts are also analysed, including two types of conscience (individual and family), three basic principles of orders of love (principle of equal right to belong, principle of balance between giving and taking and principle of order) and three levels of the soul (individual, family and great soul). The approach to overcoming consequences of violence on victims of physical violence and incest through symbolic interconnecting with the perpetrator is analysed. When it is applied to violence the victim has an opportunity to get a more comprehensive understanding and to experience an alternative solution that could generate impulse for overcoming the violence. A frequent solution is that the perpetrator takes responsibility and expresses guilt for the deed and suffers together with the victim. That enables the victim to accept and overcome the effects of the violence. This solution is also useful in overcoming consequences of incest because it enables the victim to accept the perpetrator as a member of family. The victim could also have an insight into the role of other family members and significant others, accept it and find a better place in the family for himself/herself. This approach causes different reaction with public with its focus on reparation instead on retribution even in such a difficult issue as incest. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations have documented the positive effects of family constellations on problem solving and social relations of both active and observing participants. Further systematic researches of constellations? effects on victims of violence and comparative studies with other therapeutic approaches are needed.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional survey of underreported violence experienced by adolescents: a study from Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoni Syukriani ◽  
A. Noviandhari ◽  
N. Arisanti ◽  
E. P. Setiawati ◽  
V. K. Rusmil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Victims Of Violence

Abstract Background Global studies on adolescent victims of violence require serious attention due to the possibility that underreported cases may be higher than official records indicate. Since Indonesia expects to witness a demographic bonus, extensive research is needed to strengthen early detection, case handling, and prevention. Here, we report the outcomes of a survey on physical, verbal, and sexual violence experienced by adolescents in West Java, an Indonesian province inhabited by 18% of the country’s total population. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2017 using the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool for Children (ICAST-C) questionnaire for detecting child abuse; an expert panel translated, simplified, and validated it based on a theoretical framework that combines paediatrics, public health, and medicolegal perspectives. We aimed to cover a large sample size and explore three types of violence (physical, verbal, and sexual) that have high evidentiary value in the forensic context. The respondents were adolescents in the first and second grades of middle school (12 to 14 years old) and high school (15 to 17 years old) in seven cities/municipalities in the province, selected through several stages of simple random sampling (N = 3452). We analysed the samples through univariate (percentage), odds ratio (OR), comparison, correlation, and correspondence analyses. Results The results showed that 78.7% of the adolescents experienced violence in 2017, comprising those who encountered at least one incidence of physical violence (43.1%), verbal violence (12.2%), and sexual violence (4.5%). Data overlap includes 14.3% who experienced one type of violence in 2017, 7.4% who experienced two forms of violence, and 1.4% who underwent all three kinds of violence. The offenders were mainly adolescents across all types of violence, except for being forced to engage in sexual intercourse. Several victims of sexual violence did not state who the offenders were. Further, several characteristics showed a higher chance of experiencing violence than other characteristics, especially for adolescents who were still in middle school and those who lived only with their mothers. Correspondence analysis suggested subtle differences between characteristics. Conclusion We expect this study to help identify risk and protective factors that are essential to strengthening early detection efforts, decisive medicolegal examinations, case handling, and policy-making.

scholarly journals Signal for help

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4s) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Ina Vladova ◽  
Milena Kuleva
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Domestic Abuse ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Discrete Signal ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
The Relationship

The crisis, caused by COVID-19, created a lot of issues in this world. The phenomenon of “domestic abuse” escalated. The pandemic and the lockdowns, unfortunately, aided the “abusers”. The victims remained locked with their abusers and their “escape routes” and opportunities for help decreased. Methods. The aim of the present study is to examine the level of occurrence of violence among student-athletes, as well as their preparedness and competence to react. Results. From the obtained and presented data, it could be concluded that physical and sexual violence are not widespread among Bulgarian athletes. It is noteworthy that parents are more likely to physically abuse their children than the coaches are. Also, the relationship between the athletes themselves is not under the sign of violence – 82.7% (n = 115) say that they have never been a victim of physical violence by a teammate, and three of them say they have been a victim of sexual violence by a teammate. Conclusions. Given the growth in registered cases of violence, incl. the domestic violence, as well as globalization worldwide, it is necessary to implement a unified discrete signal that can be safely shown in the occurrence of violence. This signal is essential so that it can be used when needed from children to adults, from women and men. The promotion of the international signal for help is important in order to prevent and provide timely assistance to victims of violence. It is important for people to know about it, to use it when needed, but also to recognize it when someone uses it.

scholarly journals Aeronautical and Aerospace Material and Structural Damages to Failures: Theoretical Concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriy Viktorovich Goncharenko
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Aerospace Material ◽  
Failure State ◽  
Hybrid Function ◽  
Optional Function ◽  
Conditional Optimization

The goal of this paper is to investigate the possible directions of some specified methods for aeronautical and aerospace material and structure effectiveness modeling and optimization. Multioptionality hybrid function uncertainty conditional optimization doctrine application is supposed to be implemented for a degrading failure problem optimal solution determination. The optimal solution is assumed to deliver the maximum value to the probability of damage but not the failure state of the studied material behavior. The principal supposition is that there should be some certain objectively existing value extremized in the conditions of the hybrid optional function uncertainty. There is a scientific proof for the choice of a good maintenance optimal periodicity method that fits the customer’s needs, taking into account the effectiveness functions pertaining to the options. The described doctrine allows obtaining the objectively existing optimal values not with the help of a probabilistic but rather with a multioptimal concept. The subjective entropy maximum principle is the other paradigm concept involved in the considered problem solution, which is an equivalent for the uncertainty conditional optimization at the optimal hybrid function distribution determination. By applying simplified, however possible, models and expressions for effectiveness, plausible results are obtained and illustrated in diagrams visualizing the situation and allowing for the selection of a good choice. The ideas of the required material method choice optimization with respect to only two simple parameters, nevertheless, develop numerous particular combinations. Moreover, an increase in the number of parameters and further complication of the problem setting will not change the principle of the problem solution.

scholarly journals A STUDI FENOMENOLOGIS : KEKERASAN DALAM PACARAN PADA REMAJA DI KECAMATAN X KABUPATEN SEMARANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Heni Pranoto ◽  
Masruroh
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Data Sampling ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Snowball Sampling Technique

Dating violence is one of the crucial issues at a global level facing adolescents and young adults. Dating violence includes physical, emotional, verbal, social, and sexual aggression behaviors aimed at controlling and hurting a partner. The cause of the high rate of dating violence is that many women do not understand the forms of physical, psychological and sexual violence in love.This study aims to find the description of dating violence on youth.           This was a qualitative study with phenomenological approach. Respondents were 5 youth aged 18-21 years and had been dating. The data sampling used snowball sampling technique, and data analysis used the kualitatif method.             The results of this study indicate that the types of dating violence include jealousy, interrogation, threats, being called by unwelcome term, promised to call, forced kissing, touching, sexual intercourse, slapped and pinched. From these results, it can be concluded that violence in dating is still common, whether it is emotional violence, sexual violence, or physical violence.           The youth are expected to have good communication with their partners and have more assertiveness in taking attitudes, dare to refuse and ask for help if they experience acts of violence.      

scholarly journals Circumstances and Consequences of Violence-Related Injuries Presenting at Hospital. A Study at the Pediatric Emergency and Forensic Medicine Units of Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12125
Author(s):  
Sérgio Keita Nhassengo ◽  
Stela Ocuane Matsinhe ◽  
Eunice Jethá ◽  
Lucie Laflamme
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Consequences Of Violence

Rates of violence against children are high in Sub-Saharan Africa and information is scarce on the resulting injuries. This study investigates sex-related differences in the circumstances and consequences of sexual and physical violence in the Mozambican context. Hospital records from 2019 at the pediatric emergency and forensic medicine units of Maputo Central Hospital were scrutinized using a standardized form. Of the 321 cases identified, 60% resulted from sexual violence. Girls represented 86.4% of the victims of sexual violence and boys, 66.1% of those from physical violence. Being injured in a familiar environment and by a parent, a relative, or someone known was strikingly common. The injury pattern varied by form of violence and sex of the child. About half of the injuries sustained by physical violence were minor/superficial. Severe injuries requiring hospitalization (33% in total) and some specialized care (27% in total) were mainly sustained by girl victims of sexual violence. While circumstances and consequences of violence-related injuries have several similarities, being severely injured is more typical of girl victims of sexual violence. Besides medical care, hospital services in Mozambique must be prepared to offer pediatric victims of violence the necessary social care.

scholarly journals Consequences of sexual violence: criminological dimension

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Ihor Medytskyy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Individual

The article substantiates the need to activate criminological knowledge of the fundamental problem of the consequences of crime. The consequences of sexual violence, their parameters, levels of manifestation, the addressees of causation, the «price» and other points are of theoretical as well as practical interest. It is suggested that the material consequences of sexual violence be considered as various forms of causing physical violence, materialized in the consequences: death, violation of the anatomical integrity and physiological function of organs and tissues of the person; as well as economic losses related to the temporary or permanent withdrawal of a person from the sphere of social relations and the response of state or public institutions to a crime. Formulated author's definition of intangible consequences of crime as generated by crime for the individual, society, state of consequences of undeclared nature, forms of manifestation of which cause mental (moral) harm to individuals, as well as non-pecuniary damage to legal entities of the public and private society. At the individual level, the non-material consequences of sexual violence are post-traumatic and mental disorders of victims of crimes by individuals. On the basis of the provisions of criminological science, legal psychology, medicine, the material and intangible consequences of sexual violence were analyzed, taking into account the criminal statistics. It is emphasized that obtaining objective and up-to-date data on criminal practices of sexual violence in Ukraine is a paramount condition for the formation of an information base for the socio-legal assessment of the relevance of combating this type of crime. Despite the incompleteness and inconsistency of official statistics data, the high latency of detecting and fixing post-traumatic and mental disorders of sexually abused victims, the lack of effective algorithms for calculating their «price», collecting this criminologically relevant information, and facilitating the development of action.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of Violence against Children and Its Increase during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10061
Author(s):  
Stela Maria Tavolieri de Oliveira ◽  
Ewerton Alexandre Galdeano ◽  
Evelynne Maria Gomes Galvão da Trindade ◽  
Rafael Saad Fernandez ◽  
Rogerio Leone Buchaim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

The aim of this study was to identify the epidemiological profiles of violence against children, victims, and their aggressors, and their correlations between socioeconomic and demographic factors analyzed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective observational study based on a review of Individual Notification Forms from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, including child victims of violence, under 18 years, assisted by a pediatric emergency service in Brazil, from 2016–2020. Data were stratified, then statistical analysis was performed using the two-proportion equality test and the Chi-square test, with p < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. A total of 609 notifications were analyzed and a prevalence of sexual violence (63.2%) was reported. The prevalent profile of victim was female (76.7%), aged between 2–9 years (38.1%) and 14–18 years (35.6%). The violence occurs in the victim’s home (58.9%). The prevalent profile of perpetrator was male (82.4%), young adolescent (59.2%), living as family (64%), mainly the parents (18.4%). No correlation was found between the classified socioeconomic and demographic variables and violence. There was an increase in notifications during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the same period in the previous year; self-harm was reported in 59.7% of physical violence in 2020. Prevalence of sexual violence was higher for females, aged between 2–9 and 14–18 years, victimized in their homes, by male offenders, living as family, mainly by their parents. No association was found between child violence and the socioeconomic and demographic.

Pro linhvistychni pokaznyky vzayemodiyi mova – kulʹtura na prykladi analizu polʹsʹko- ukrayinsʹkoho pohranychchya XV-XIXst.

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-148
Author(s):  
Halyna Маtsyuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Polish Language

The article is devoted to the formation of a linguistic interpretation of the interaction of language and culture of the Polish-Ukrainian border territories. The material for the analysis includes nomic systems of Ukrainian and Polish languages, which are considered as a cultural product of interpersonal and interethnic communication and an element of the language system, as well as invariant scientific theory created in the works of Polish onomastics (according to key theoretical concepts, tradition of analysis, and continuity in linguistic knowledge). The analysis performed in the article allows us to single out the linguistic indicators of the interaction of language and culture typical for the subject field of sociolinguistics. These are connections and concepts: language-territory, language-social strata, language-gender, language-ethnicity, social functions of the Polish language, and non-standardized spelling systems. Linguistic indicators reveal the peculiar mechanisms of the border in the historical memory and collective consciousness, marking the role of languages in these areas as a factor of space and cultural marker and bringing us closer to understanding the social relations of native speakers in the fifteenth-nineteenth centuries.

Empowerment and IPV in Married Women of Reproductive Age: Evidence from Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2017–2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052098038
Author(s):  
Mohammad Vaqas Ali ◽  
Jawad Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Forms Of Violence

The study was an attempt to identify demographic, household, and women empowerment factors that predicted emotional, physical, and sexual violence in ever-married women of reproductive age (15–49 years, n = 3,965) in Pakistan by performing secondary analysis on Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–2018. The analysis was done using SPSS (v.22) and binary and multivariate logistic regression techniques were performed for analyses. The analysis found that 30.2% of women experienced emotional, 24.1% reported less severe physical, 6.5% experienced severe physical, and 4.3% experienced sexual violence, respectively. The multivariate analysis found that husband’s age, education, wealth, and alcohol consumption were significant predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV). Additionally, womens’ age, education, and number of children also significantly predicted IPV. With respect to empowerment variables, ownership of house was a significant predictor of less severe physical violence, ownership of property significantly predicted emotional violence, and autonomy in household purchase decisions was significantly related to severe physical violence. The control on husband’s income as a measure of empowerment significantly predicted all four types of IPV. Belief in patriarchy also turned out to be an important factor in determining emotional and less severe physical violence. The study concludes that women empowerment in household context can prevent less serious forms of violence but to hinder serious forms of violence, interventions at family and community level will be required.

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