scholarly journals Living in precarity: Ethnography of everyday struggles of single mothers in Lithuania

Sociologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-83
Author(s):  
Laura Lapinske
Keyword(s):  
Single Mothers ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Living

This paper presents challenges and life strategies of highly educated single mothers in Lithuania. My ethnography traces the impact on strategies of remaining in a country where exit strategies - alcoholism, suicide, emigration - prevail and seem as an ?easier? option. It is a study concerned with the relationship between precarity, single motherhood, social reproduction and everyday living. I focus on precarious living conditions, social isolation and stigmatization, unappreciated and highly gendered care-work. Based on collaborative ethnographic fieldwork material, the paper presents the micro-level attempts to negotiate what it means to be a lone care-taker, to revalorize and challenge the hegemonic narratives of individual strength and success.

scholarly journals Do Employees Matter in the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Mee Yoo ◽  
Woojae Choi ◽  
Mi Lim Chon
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Employee Commitment ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Internal Stakeholders ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the mechanism behind the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on firms’ financial performance while focusing on internal stakeholders. Although many studies have examined the effects of CSR few has empirically investigated the underlying process of the mechanism. In addition, previous research has rarely regarded employees as a link between CSR and firms’ outcomes, despite employees implementing CSR policies. This study explored the pathway of the CSR-employees-firm’s performance. Employee commitment was used to explain the relationship between CSR and performance, since it is an important employee-associated micro-level outcome of CSR. The results showed that CSR indirectly influenced a firm’s accounting profitability through enhanced employee commitment, as well as directly affected firm’s profitability. CSR increases employee commitment, which in turn leads to improvements in a firm’s accounting returns. The paper suggests that employees should be considered as an important agent for the effects of CSR initiatives.

scholarly journals What is the Relationship between Benefit Conditionality and Mental Health? Evidence from the United States on TANF Policies

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
OWEN DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Single Mothers ◽  
Job Search ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Welfare To Work ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article provides new evidence on the relationship between benefit conditionality and mental health. Using data on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families policies (TANF) – the main form of poverty relief in the United States – it explores whether the mental health of low-educated single mothers varies according to the stringency of conditionality requirements attached to receipt of benefit. Specifically, the article combines state-level data on sanctioning practices, work requirements and welfare-to-work spending with health data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and evaluates the impact of conditionality on mental health over a fifteen-year period (2000 to 2015). It finds that states that have harsher sanctions, stricter job search requirements and higher expenditure on welfare-to-work policies, have worse mental health among low-educated single mothers. There is also evidence that between-wave increases in the stringency of conditionality requirements are associated with deteriorations in mental health among the recipient population. It is suggested that these findings may reflect an overall effect of ‘intensive conditionality’, rather than of the individual variables per se. The article ends by considering the wider implications for policy and research.

scholarly journals Sacred Secularities: Ritual and Social Engagement in a Global Buddhist China

Religions ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Reinke
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Asian Continent ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Chinese Migrants ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Social Engagements ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Temple

The Taiwanese order Fo Guang Shan is a major representative of renjian Buddhism. The order maintains a global network of over 200 temples and practice centers that spans over not only most of the Asian continent, but also includes Oceania, the Americas, Europe and Africa. This article examines how the order negotiates the modern secular/religious divide by considering the example of its flagship diaspora temple Hsi Lai Temple in L.A., California. Particular attention is given to two prevalent religious practices at the temple—ritual and social engagements—that are often associated with the ‘religious’ and the ‘secular’ respectively. Based on multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork, the article aims to assess the relationship between the two practices and discusses how they resonate with a new generation of highly educated, affluent Chinese migrants.

scholarly journals Multi-scale flood prediction based on GM (1,2)-fuzzy weighted Markov and wavelet analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Zhang ◽  
Yuhao Wang ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Hongyuan Fang
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Flood Prediction ◽  
Forecasting Accuracy ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Flood Volume ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Markov Method

AbstractIn order to forecast flood accurately and reveal the relationship between rainstorm and flood at the micro level, a model which combines wavelet analysis, GM (1,2) and fuzzy weighted Markov is built. Taking the Jialu River of Zhengzhou City in China as study area, the GM (1,2) model is constructed between the components of rainfall and flood volume by wavelet decomposition to connect the two variables, then a fuzzy weighted Markov method is introduced to correct the predicted component of flood volume. The corrected results are superimposed to obtain the predicted value of flood. To verify the reliability of the model, the maximum daily, 3-, 5- and 7-day flood volume of the next five floods in Zhongmu and Jiangang hydrological stations are predicted in turn. The results show that the multi-scale flood forecasting model has high overall forecasting accuracy, with the average relative errors all less than 10%. The forecasting accuracy of maximum five-day flood volume is higher than other periods. On the micro level, the results indicate that the fluctuation trend and period of rainfall-flood volume in d1, d2 and d3 are basically the same. Among the components of forecasted flood, the impact of rainfall on flood volume is most significant in the d3 component.

scholarly journals A Study on the Relationship of Spatial Planning Aspects in Occurrence of Street Crimes in Dhaka City

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Urmee Chowdhury ◽  
Ishrat Islam
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Physical Planning ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Vehicle Theft ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Street crime, like mugging and vehicle theft, are the significant crime problems in every developing city of the world. The study area for this research is Dhaka city, which is experiencing an situation of increasing street crime. This research focuses on the relationship between spatial planning and street crimes and tries to recommend different strategies for prevention of crime and violence in the streets of Dhaka city by proposing urban design and infrastructure planning. The study tries to assess the relationship from macro to micro level through different spatial and physical planning components. For the detail level study, four Thana (police station) areas have been selected from Dhaka City Corporation area (DCC) according to their physical layout and other characteristics. In this level, the relationship is studied through the association between spatial layout and different physical planning factors like land use along with some elements of streetscape. Space Syntax methodology was applied to assess the impact of spatial configuration in occurrence of street crime with the selected four study area. In the micro level the study reveals that different types of land use with different design elements lead to change in public activity spaces which have impact on occurrence of street crimes. For the overall research the street crime data (both macro and micro level) of mugging and vehicle theft were collected from the police authority and some insecure places are identified by the local people through field survey. It is expected that the outcome of this research will unveil the impacts of spatial planning on occurrence of street crimes in a city.

The Impact of Secularity on Attitudes of Gender Equality: A Multi-Level Analysis of 49 Nations

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Wernet
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Analysis

This research uses a series of hierarchical linear regression models fitted to data from the 2014 World Values Survey (wvs) and national statistics for 49 countries to specify the relationship between variables at the macro, meso, and micro level with attitudes of gender equality. In addition to the development of an updated and more robust Gender Equality Scale, the findings show that economic development increases support for gender equality, in line with Inglehart’s postmaterialist hypothesis. A history of communist rule and income inequality also increase attitudes of gender equality. Secularity has the greatest explanatory power in the equation; the results show that being educated, female, and less religious significantly increases one’s likelihood to support gender equality.

scholarly journals A pomidory są te, co zawsze. Refleksje z baskijskiego terenu

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Mirgos
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article focuses on personal experience of fieldwork in the Basque Country. The author reflects on the linguistic and political dimensions of her research, on the relationship between the researcher and research participants, and on the emotional challengesof ethnographic fieldwork, with particular focus on the impact of motherhood on such research. Emphasizing the importance of autoethnography, the author also points out a variety of approaches to the research process and ways of presenting research results.

scholarly journals Unemployment and separation: Evidence from five European countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-176
Author(s):  
Anne Solaz ◽  
Marika Jalovaara ◽  
Michaela Kreyenfeld ◽  
Silvia Meggiolaro ◽  
Dimitri Mortelmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Association ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Union Dissolution ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Union Instability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Since the 1970s, several European countries have experienced high union dissolution risk as well as high unemployment rates. The extent to which adverse economic conditions are associated with union instability is still unknown. This study explores the relationship between both individual and aggregate unemployment and union dissolution risk in five European countries before the recent economic crisis. Using rich longitudinal data from Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, and Italy, the empirical analysis, based on discrete-time event history models, shows that male unemployment consistently increases the risk of union dissolution. While a strong association is observed between male unemployment and separation at the micro level, no association is found between male unemployment and union dissolution at the macro level. The results for female unemployment are mixed, and the size of the impact of female unemployment is smaller in magnitude than that of male unemployment. In Germany and Italy, where until very recently work is less compatible with family life than in other countries, female unemployment is not significantly associated with union dissolution.

Institutionalizing University—Industry Collaboration for the Diffusion of Intangible Innovations

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
Lorna Heaton
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Work ◽  
Computer Supported Cooperative Work ◽  
Disciplinary Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Industry Collaboration ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
University Industry

This paper describes the shifting evolution of the relationship between one Swedish laboratory involved in the design of systems for computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) and its industrial and government partners over the past decade. It explores the impact of increasing intersection and new configurations of relationships between these previously distinct sectors on the development of CSCW both in terms of disciplinary knowledge and institutional structures to cope with this hybrid object. It finds that a micro-level, Latourian analysis suitably explains choices at a laboratory level, but that these specific issues take on their full significance in the context of changes in the broader social and policy spheres.

The impact of touchy topics on vague language use

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Important Research Area ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
And Function ◽  
Vague Language ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Western Australian

Vague language (VL, e.g. kind of), an integral part of language, has been attracting increased attention in linguistic studies. VL is a versatile tool of communication in presenting the world in an imprecise but powerful manner. This study explores an overlooked issue: the relationship between the sensitivity of topics and the use of VL, particularly between topical sensitivity and the form and function of VL items. The corpus consists of semi-controlled spoken interactions between Western Australian tertiary students who were asked to converse on two topics: asylum seekers (touchy) and weekend activities (less touchy). The findings reveal the impact of sensitivity, manifested by different VL frequencies (macro level) and forms (micro level) used in the different topics. More VL, and particular forms of VL (e.g. I think, some, or something), were used in the asylum seeker discourse. As the level of topical sensitivity increases, the level of vagueness in talk-in-interactions also increases: that is, the level of sensitivity, VL frequency, and specific VL items are positively related. Showing how participants use VL in responding to different degrees of sensitivity, this study enriches the scarce literature by providing fresh insights and new resources in this important research area. It is expected that the impact of touchy topics may be applicable to other areas of linguistic studies.

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