scholarly journals Poststroke depression: Diagnosis of depression, phenomenology and specificity of depressive symptoms

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Rabi-Zikic ◽  
Aleksandra Nedic ◽  
Marija Zarkov ◽  
Petar Slankamenac ◽  
Dragica Dobrenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Poststroke Depression ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Depression Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

The diagnosis of depression. Depressive disorder is nowadays diagnosed by the two widely used diagnostic systems - International Classification of Diseases of the World Health Organization, 10th revision and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Criteria of the American Psychiatric Organisation, 4th edition. The criteria for depressive disorder used in these two systems are almost identical. Poststroke depression. The diagnosis of depression may be difficult to establish in stroke patients, especially in patients with aphasia/dysphasia, anosognosia and other cognitive dysfunction. Major vs. minor poststroke depression, specificity and sensitivity of depressive symptoms: The phenomenology of major poststroke depression has been found to be similar to that of primary depression, and it appears that minor and major are not stages of the same continuum, but rather separate entities. Contrary to common opinion, non specific somatic symptoms do not hinder the diagnosis of poststroke depression and can be highly discriminative and crucial in the evaluation of poststroke depression. Validity of the poststroke depression diagnosis Studies have shown that a valid diagnosis of poststroke depression may be established successfully using structured or semi-structured neuropsychiatric interviews, according to the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Criteria. Conclusion. It appears that no new diagnostic tools specific for major depression in stroke patients are necessary. The existing diagnostic procedures will fail to diagnose or misdiagnose depression only in few stroke patients.

scholarly journals Mental disorders in Australian 4- to 17- year olds: Parent-reported need for help

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Johnson ◽  
David Lawrence ◽  
Michael Sawyer ◽  
Stephen R Zubrick
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Objective: To describe the extent to which parents report that 4- to 17-year-olds with symptoms meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for mental disorders need help, the types of help needed, the extent to which this need is being met and factors associated with a need for help. Method: During 2013–2014, a national household survey of the mental health of Australia’s young people (Young Minds Matter) was conducted, involving 6310 parents (and carers) of 4- to 17-year-olds. The survey identified 12-month mental disorders using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children – Version IV ( n = 870) and asked parents about the need for four types of help – information, medication, counselling and life skills. Results: Parents of 79% of 4- to 17-year-olds with mental disorders reported that their child needed help, and of these, only 35% had their needs fully met. The greatest need for help was for those with major depressive disorder (95%) and conduct disorder (93%). Among these, 39% of those with major depressive disorder but only 19% of those with conduct disorder had their needs fully met. Counselling was the type of help most commonly identified as being needed (68%). In multivariate models, need for counselling was higher when children had autism or an intellectual disability, in blended families, when parents were distressed, and in the most advantaged socioeconomic areas. Conclusions: Many children and adolescents meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for mental disorders have a completely unmet need for help, especially those with conduct disorders. Even with mild disorders, lack of clinical assessment represents an important missed opportunity for early intervention and treatment.

Persistent Depressive Disorder

2015 ◽  
pp. 226-237
Author(s):  
Daniel N. Klein ◽  
Sarah R. Black
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
The Past ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
Persistent Depression ◽  
Continuation Maintenance ◽  
Persistent Depressive Disorder

Over the past few decades, there has been increasing recognition of the problem of persistent, or chronic, depression. Chronic depressions account for up to a third of the cases of depression in the community and half the cases in clinical practice. Moreover, as reflected in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), persistent depressive disorder differs in many significant respects from nonpersistent depression. This chapter provides an overview of the current literature on persistent depression, starting with classification, epidemiology, and course. Psychosocial and neurobiological risk factors, including early adversity, genetics, personality/temperament, cognitive style, interpersonal difficulties, neural abnormalities, and chronic stress, are then reviewed. Next, we discuss psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions for acute and continuation/maintenance treatment of persistent depression. We conclude with suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Quality of Life among Post-Stroke Patients in the Sub-Himalayan Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 616-622
Author(s):  
Tarannum Ahmed ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Yogesh Bahurupi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Poststroke Depression ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke

Abstract Background Stroke is one of the most debilitating conditions contributing to significant disability and death globally. Identifying risk factors for quality of life (QoL) will enable to improve home-based rehabilitation in post-stroke phase. Objective This study was aimed to identify the risk factors of QoL in stroke patients in the sub-Himalayan region. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional hospital-based study assessed the QoL among stroke patients within a week after the onset of acute stroke and then re-evaluated at 3 months. World Health Organization QoL-BREF, Beck Depression Inventory, the Barthel Index, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) were used to seek data on QoL, depression, cognitive, and functional dependence status, respectively. Appropriate statistics were used to compute the results. Results In total, 129 stroke patients recruited, out of which 102 returned to a 3-month follow-up. QoL, MOCA, disability index, and depression score were compared using Wilcoxon Singed-rank test. In multivariate analysis, depression and disability together predicted 60% of the variance for physical QoL (p < 0.0001). Similarly, poststroke depression and disability together predicted 61% of the variance for psychological QoL (p < 0.0001) in stroke patients. Conclusion Findings indicated that depression and disability are leading risk factors of QoL in stroke patients. Early identification of poststroke depression and functional dependence status is, therefore, essential to devise screening procedure and to develop targeted intervention to improve rehabilitation outcomes.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Poststroke Depression in Ischemic Stroke Patients in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Fikru Tsehayneh ◽  
Abenet Tafesse
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Poststroke Depression ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health

Background. There is limited information and research carried out regarding the prevalence of poststroke depression (PSD) in the study area. Psychiatric disorders complicate a significant proportion of patients suffering from stroke. This of course have a great negative impact on our knowledge about poststroke depression in Ethiopia, and poststroke depression complicates a significant number of stroke patients and their rehabilitation. Methods. A cross-sectional study on all patients aged above 18 years and diagnosed with stroke in the past two years who attended the neurology follow-up clinics of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) and Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH) was done by using a structured questionnaire containing Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening tool. Result. Of 84 patients who were eligible for the study, 32.2% of patients have depressive symptoms. Women (OR 0.001, 95% CI 0.12–0.87) and aphasic patients (OR 0.034, 95% CI 0.19–1.27) were more likely to have depressive symptoms. Conclusion. Depressive symptoms after stroke are common in Ethiopian patients. Our study demonstrates female and aphasic patients are more likely to screen positive for PSD. Hence, screening all poststroke patients with different screening tools is practical, and further studies are needed to assess the validity of these screening tools and also to assess PSD as a predictor of stroke outcome.

Post-stroke depression and post-stroke anxiety: prevalence and predictors

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1805-1812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Schöttke ◽  
Claire-Marie Giabbiconi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
Post Stroke Depression

ABSTRACTBackground:Epidemiological research on post-stroke affective disorders has been mainly focusing on post-stroke depression (PSD). In contrast, research on post-stroke anxiety (PSA) is in its early stages. The present study proposes a broad picture on post-stroke affective disorders, including PSD and PSA in German stroke in-patients during rehabilitation. In addition, we investigated whether lifetime affective disorders predict the emergence of PSD and PSA.Methods:289 stroke patients were assessed in the early weeks following stroke for a range of mood and anxiety disorders by means of the Structured Clinical Interview relying on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV. This assessment was conducted for two periods: for post-stroke and retroactively for the period preceding stroke (lifetime). The covariation between PSD and PSA was investigated using Spearman-ρ correlation. Predictors of PSD and PSA prevalence based on the respective lifetime prevalence were investigated using logistic regression analyses.Results:PSD prevalence was 31.1%, PSA prevalence was 20.4%. We also found significant correlations between depression and anxiety at post-stroke and for the lifetime period. Interestingly, lifetime depression could not predict the emergence of PSD. In contrast, lifetime anxiety was a good predictor of PSA.Conclusions:We were able to highlight the complexity of post-stroke affective disorders by strengthening the comorbidity of depression and anxiety. In addition, we contrasted the predictability of PSA based on its lifetime history compared to PSD which was not predictable based on lifetime depression.

Correlative study of peripheral ATP1A1 gene expression level to anxiety severity score on major depressive disorder patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjie Zhao ◽  
Xu Guo ◽  
Yi Du ◽  
Yu Han ◽  
Yongzhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

AbstractBackground:Major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently co-occurs with other psychiatric problems. Our previous study showed thatMethods:All participant patients were diagnosed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – 4th edition (DSM-IV). Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAM-D) and anxiety (HAM-A) were applied to group patients into different categories.Results:expression levels of all MDD subgroups showed significant reduction compared to the control group (p<0.01). Further, the trend ofConclusions:expression level reduction is related to MDD anxiety score, which may be an explanation for the clinical manifestations and the underlining physiological mechanisms.

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