scholarly journals Histological characteristics of oral leukoplakia

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 140-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Vuckovic ◽  
Marija Bokor-Bratic ◽  
Dejan Vuckovic
Keyword(s):  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Oral Mucosal Lesion ◽  
Cell Groups ◽  
Real Increase ◽  
Superficial Epithelium ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates

Introduction Leukoplakia (LKP) is defined as a white patch or plaque on the mucosa of oral cavity, vulva, vagina etc., which cannot be removed and cannot be clinically or microscopically explained by presence of a disease. LKP is included in the group of lesions with malignant potential. Microscopic characteristics Basic microscopic characteristics of oral LKP include hyperkeratosis of ortho- or parakeratotic type and acanthosis of the epithelium, with various degrees of chronic inflammatory infiltrates in lamina propria. Also, various degrees of epithelial dysplasia may occur. Some of the most important microscopic characteristics of dysplasia are: loss of polarity of basal cells, increased nuclear cytoplasmic ratio, irregular epithelial stratification, increased number of abnormal mitotic figures and their presence in the superficial epithelium, cellular and nuclear pleomorphism, keratinization of single cell groups. Malignant potential LKP is the most common oral mucosal lesion (evident in 3% of adults). At the same time, up to 85% of all precancerous lesions are manifested as LKP. Overall malignant potential of LKP does not exceed 4%, but some authors found that even 16% LKP with some degree of dysplasia, have a potential to transform to carcinoma. Microscopic differential diagnosis The most important differential diagnostic criteria are listed for lesions with similar microscopic appearance. Conclusion Nowdays LKP is diagnosed more frequently than before, probable due to a better patients' education and dentists' caution, but not due to real increase in incidence.

The structure of the gills of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 824-825
Author(s):  
Mohinder S. Jarial
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ambystoma Mexicanum ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Apical Membranes

The axolotl is a strictly aquatic salamander in which the larval external gills are retained throughout life. The external gills of the adult axolotl have been studied by light and electron microscopy for ultrastructural evidence of ionic transport. The thin epidermis of the gill filaments and gill stems is composed of 3 cell types: granular cells, the basal cells and a sparce population of intervening Leydig cells. The gill epidermis is devoid of muscles, and no mitotic figures were observed in any of its cells.The granular cells cover the gill surface as a continuous layer (Fig. 1, G) and contain secretory granules of different forms, located apically (Figs.1, 2, SG). Some granules are found intimately associated with the apical membrane while others fuse with it and release their contents onto the external surface (Fig. 3). The apical membranes of the granular cells exhibit microvilli which are covered by a PAS+ fuzzy coat, termed “glycocalyx” (Fig. 2, MV).

scholarly journals Glomus Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential: A Rare Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Mehta Shailee ◽  
◽  
Dabral Ritwika ◽  
Trivedi Priti ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Glomus Tumor ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Uncertain Malignant Potential ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Glomus Tumors ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Mitotic Figures

Glomus tumor is usually a small, benign tumor and typically occurs in the dermis or subcutis or soft tissues of the extremities and rarely in the visceral locations. Its bronchopulmonary origin is exceedingly rare clinical condition. The current case reported a 51-year-old male with dyspnea on exertion and obstructive pneumonia; he had a glomus tumor which has large size, deep location and exhibits an infiltrative margin as well as atypical mitotic figures. These characteristic suggests malignant behavior. Therefore diagnosis of glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential was favored. Recently, the histopathological diagnostic criteria for malignant glomus tumors were defined in the WHO classification of soft tissue and bone tumors 4th edition. Here we also reviewed the literature on primary bronchopulmonary glomus tumors with special attention to the current concept of malignancy grade estimation.

scholarly journals A possible extratubular origin of epididymal basal cells in mice

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Holschbach ◽  
TG Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Immunological Protection ◽  
Peritubular Cells

The origin of basal cells in mouse epididymis was examined by counting the numbers of basal cells, intratubular mitotic figures and peritubular cells during development of the epididymis. Putative precursors of basal cells were labelled with bromodeoxyuridine and the nuclei of daughter cells were examined. Histochemical localization of cytokines was performed to gauge their involvement in migration of basal cell precursors from extratubular sources. The results indicate that basal cells may arise from extratubular sources as: (i) there was a decrease in the number of mitotic figures as the number of basal cells increased; (ii) no mitotic figures were observed in the base of the epithelium; (iii) the increase in the number of peritubular cells did not parallel the number of basal cells in all epididymal regions; (iv) division of epithelial cells into daughter cells was circumferential and not radial; (v) bromodeoxyuridine-labelled basal cell nuclei were mostly not found in the vicinity of labelled principal cell nuclei and vice versa; and (vi) the percentage of labelled basal cell nuclei was higher than that of the other cells, which is indicative of their arrival from a more highly labelled pool. In addition, no age-dependent correlation was noted between any of the cytokines tested and appearance of basal cells in the epithelium, and basal cells expressed intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), which provides further evidence of a relationship between basal cells and immunocytes. If basal cells have an immunological function, failure of their recruitment into the epididymal epithelium at about the time of puberty may have repercussions for immunological protection of spermatozoa and, ultimately, for fertility in the adult.

Quantitative aspects of proliferation in the nasal epithelium of the rhesus monkey embryo

Development ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
Doris B. Wilson ◽  
Andrew G. Hendrickx
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Labeling Index ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Nasal Pit

Proliferation was studied in the nasal epithelium of rhesus monkey embryos ranging in age from 26 through 41 days of gestation (stages 13–20). Labeling indices were tabulated 1 h after an intrachorionic injection with [3H]thymidine, and the distribution of labeled cells was determined at intervals ranging from 1 h to 11 h after injection. The labeling index showed a chronological decrease from 69·4% in the nasal placode at stage 13 to 31·6% in the nasal pit at stage 20. The vomeronasal epithelium was distinctive in that the basal cells lost their ability to incorporate [3H]thymidine as early as stage 18. In the remainder of the nasal epithelium, mitotic figures were initially confined to apical regions but later occurred in basal regions as the embryonic pattern of proliferation became converted to the adult type.

scholarly journals Establishment of a protocol for obtention of neuronal stem cells lineages from the dog olfactory epithelium

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio R. Alves ◽  
Ricardo R. Guerra ◽  
Emerson T. Fioretto ◽  
Juliana C. Delgado ◽  
Antônio A. N. Machado Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Cell Culture Study ◽  
Neuronal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Groups

A morphological and cell culture study from nasal mucosa of dogs was performed in order to establish a protocol to obtain a cell population committed to neuronal lineage, as a proposal for the treatment of traumatic and degenerative lesions in these animals, so that in the future these results could be applied to the human species. Twelve mongrel dogs of 60-day aged pregnancy were collected from urban pound dogs in São Paulo. Tissue from cribriform ethmoidal lamina of the fetuses was collected at necropsy under sterile conditions around 1h to 2h postmortem by uterine sections and sections from the fetal regions described above. Isolated cells of this tissue were added in DMEM/F-12 medium under standard conditions of incubation (5% CO², >37ºC). Cell culture based on isolated cells from biopsies of the olfactory epithelium showed rapid growth when cultured for 24 hours, showing phase-bright sphere cells found floating around the fragments, attached on culture flasks. After 20 days, a specific type of cells, predominantly ellipsoids or fusiform cells was characterized in vitro. The indirect immunofluorescence examination showed cells expressing markers of neuronal precursors (GFAP, neurofilament, oligodendrocyte, and III â-tubulin). The cell proliferation index showed Ki67 immunostaining with a trend to label cell groups throughout the apical region, while PCNA immunostaining label predominantly cell groups lying above the basal lamina. The transmission electron microscopy from the olfactory epithelium of dogs revealed cells with electron-dense cytoplasm and preserving the same distribution as those of positive cell staining for PCNA. Metabolic activity was confirmed by presence of euchromatin in the greatest part of cells. All these aspects give subsidies to support the hypothesis about resident progenitor cells among the basal cells of the olfactory epithelium, committed to renewal of these cell populations, especially neurons.

scholarly journals Basal Cell Tumor in a Japanese Macaque (Macaca fuscata)

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yanai ◽  
S. Wakabayashi ◽  
T. Masegi ◽  
T. Iwasaki ◽  
K. Yamazoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Macaca Fuscata ◽  
Epithelial Membrane Antigen ◽  
Japanese Macaque ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Mitotic Figures

A rare case of basal cell tumor of the skin in a wild-caught female Japanese macaque ( Macaca fuscata) was studied. Tumor growth, which was composed of cells resembling basal cells, was observed in the dermis and subcutis and showed a mixture of ribbon, solid, glandular, and cystic patterns. The tumor was separated from surrounding normal tissue by a compressed zone of fibrous connective tissue. The nuclei were round and hyperchromatic and possessed a single centrally located nucleolus. Mitotic figures were common. Immunohistochemically, a positive reaction for epithelial membrane antigen, keratin, and cytokeratin AE3 was evident. Electron microscopic examination revealed a small number of tonofilaments in the cytoplasm.

Ultrastructural diagnosis of plasmacytoma on a fine-needle aspirate

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 102-103
Author(s):  
S. Siew ◽  
W. deMendonca-Calaca
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Diffuse Infiltration ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vacuolation ◽  
Chest Mass ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Microscopy Examination

A 36 year old man presented with a mass in the chest and multiple “hot” focal lesions were identified on bone scan. Fine needle aspiration was performed of the chest mass. Routine histology showed the presence of some bundles of dense fibrous tissue and a diffuse infiltration of mononuclear cells, which varied in size and nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio. The smaller cells had eccentric hyperchromatic nuclei. Nucleoli were noted in the larger cells. There was well marked cytoplasmic vacuolation of some of the cells. Mitosis was present. A small fragment of tissue was received for electron microscopy. Examination of 1 μm sections showed trabeculae of medium-large polygonal cells with eccentric nuclei and occasional nucleoli. Some irregularly shaped cells had well marked cytoplasmic vacuolation. Mitotic figures were present.

Ultrastructure of Cryptorchidism and Seminoma

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 540-541
Author(s):  
Shirley Siew ◽  
Susan C. James
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Medial Aspect ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Bilateral Orchiectomy

Testicular maldescent is the most common endocrine gland abnormality, as 2.7% of mature neonates are cryptorchid. The significant complications are that there is a disturbance of normal maturation which results in diminished fertility and there is an increase in the malignant potential which is 35 times greater in the undescended than the descended testis. It is considered that genetic influences may be of etiological importance and recurrence has been described in some families. It is of interest, that the case reported here has 2 siblings who have also presented with cryptorchidism and malignant tumors.The propositus is 14 years old. He is well developed (described by some as obese) and shows normal secondary male characteristics except for an immature scrotum. Laparotomy showed both testes to be intraabdominal. A hard nodule (0.5cm) was palpated on the medial aspect of the left testis. Frozen section showed the presence of seminoma and bilateral orchiectomy was performed.

Serum and tissue PIVKA-II expression reflect the biological malignant potential of small hepatocellular carcinoma

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A558-A558
Author(s):  
M TAMANO ◽  
K KOJIMA ◽  
M OGUMA ◽  
M LIJIMA ◽  
T MUROHISA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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