scholarly journals Investigation of soil properties influence on the heavy metals sorption by plants and possibilities for prediction of their bioaccumulation by response surface methodology

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 947-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlate Velickovic ◽  
Negovan Ivankovic ◽  
Vanja Strikovic ◽  
Radovan Karkalic ◽  
Dalibor Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this study was to determine soil properties influence on the heavy metals sorption by vegetables which are used in the diet and possibilities for prediction of their bioaccumulation by response surface methodology (RSM). Lettuce was used as biosorbent, and cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were used as contaminants. Lettuce is grown on compost (previously contaminated with different concentrations of Cd and Pb) which pH was adjusted with different amounts of NPK fertilizers. The content of heavy metals was determined by ICP-MS. Results showed that Cd content in lettuce was below the toxic values, but Pb concentration was above allowable, which indicates that limit value for Pb is not set in accordance with the food safety regulations. It was found that the heavy metals accumulation in plants depends not only on its content in the soil, but also on the plant affinity to the specific metal, and the individual or the interactive effects of different soil properties. Through the transfer factor it was found that lettuce has a much higher affinity to Cd in relation to Pb. RSM has proved to be very good for the examination of a large number of variables with a small number of experiments.

Decolorization of reactive dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R by zirconium oxychloride as a novel coagulant: optimization through response surface methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonalika Sonal ◽  
Astha Singh ◽  
Brijesh Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Zirconium Oxychloride ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Operational Variables ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the performance of a novel coagulant, i.e. ZrOCl2, for the removal of anthraquinone-based reactive dye from aqueous solution. An ideal experimental setup was designed based on central composite design using response surface methodology to determine the individual and interactive effects of different operational variables (i.e. pH, coagulant dose and dye concentration) on treatment performance in terms of dye and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. Total 92.58% dye and 85.33% COD removal were experimentally attained at optimized conditions at low coagulant dose, i.e. 156.67 mg/L for the dye concentration of 105.67 mg/L at pH 2. To validate the working pH of the metal coagulant, the static charge of ZrOCl2 was measured using Eh value. The performance of the coagulant was validated with experimental and predicted values in the selected data set, and R2 values for both responses were found to be 0.99 and 0.95 respectively, which shows the reliability of the experimental design. Further, the toxicity of the coagulant was assessed and no such toxicity was found even up to the concentration of 500 mg/L, proclaiming the disposal of sludge may not exhibit any threat to humans. Experimental results suggested that the ZrOCl2 could be used as an eco-friendly coagulant for dye wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Cultivating conditions optimization of the anaerobic digestion of corn ethanol distillery residuals using response surface methodology

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 868-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Gyenge ◽  
Botond Ráduly ◽  
Silvia Crognale ◽  
Szabolcs Lányi ◽  
Beáta Ábrahám
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Qualitative Variable ◽  
Distillery Wastewater ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Inoculum Type

AbstractThis study investigated the individual and interactive effects of three factors — temperature, inoculum/substrate ratio (ISR) and inoculum typology — on the anaerobic digestion of corn ethanol distillery wastewater. Biochemical methane potential assays planned with factorial design with two independent quantitative variables on three levels (ISR: 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1; temperature: 30°C, 33.5°C, 37°C) and one independent qualitative variable (inoculum type: suspended, granular, mixed) have been performed. Response Surface Methodology has been used to study the effect of the factors with the aim of maximizing the specific methane yields (YCH4) obtainable with this substrate. The results show that all three investigated factors influence in a significant matter the YCH4, the ISR having the strongest effect on it. The temperature has significant influence on the YCH4 only in combination with high ISR values. The optimal conditions for the maximum YCH4 (551 mL CH4 g−1 VSadded) have been found at 37°C operating temperature, ISR=3:1 and using granular inoculum. These conditions gave rise to a 4-fold increase of YCH4 with respect to the worst combination of factors (YCH4=129 mL g−1 VSadded for the suspended inoculum type, at 30°C and ISR=1:1). The results improve the knowledge on the digestion of this substrate, providing information for successful process up-scaling.

scholarly journals Development, Characterization, and Optimization of Protein Level in Date Bars Using Response Surface Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadeem ◽  
Salim-ur-Rehman ◽  
Faqir Muhammad Anjum ◽  
Mian Anjum Murtaza ◽  
Ghulam Mueen-ud-Din
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Isolates ◽  
Nutritional Profile

This project was designed to produce a nourishing date bar with commercial value especially for school going children to meet their body development requirements. Protein level of date bars was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Economical and underutilized sources, that is, whey protein concentrate and vetch protein isolates, were explored for protein supplementation. Fourteen date bar treatments were produced using a central composite design (CCD) with 2 variables and 3 levels for each variable. Date bars were then analyzed for nutritional profile. Proximate composition revealed that addition of whey protein concentrate and vetch protein isolates improved the nutritional profile of date bars. Protein level, texture, and taste were considerably improved by incorporating 6.05% whey protein concentrate and 4.35% vetch protein isolates in date bar without affecting any sensory characteristics during storage. Response surface methodology was observed as an economical and effective tool to optimize the ingredient level and to discriminate the interactive effects of independent variables.

scholarly journals Improvement of Ficin-Based Inhibitive Enzyme Assay for Mercury Using Response Surface Methodology and Its Application for Near Real-Time Monitoring of Mercury in Marine Waters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garba Uba ◽  
Motharasan Manogaran ◽  
Baskaran Gunasekaran ◽  
Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi ◽  
Mohd Yunus Abd Shukor
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution ◽  
Straits Of Malacca ◽  
Metal Assay

Heavy metals pollution in the Straits of Malacca warrants the development of rapid, simple and sensitive assays. Enzyme-based assays are excellent preliminary screening tool with near real-time potential. The heavy-metal assay based on the protease ficin was optimized for mercury detection using Response Surface Methodology. The inhibitive assay is based on ficin action on the substrate casein and residual casein is determined using the Coomassie dye-binding assay. Heavy metals strongly inhibit the hydrolysis. A Central Composite Design (CCD) was utilized to optimize detection. The results show a marked improvement for the concentration causing 50% inhibition (IC50) for mercury, silver and copper. Compared to One-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) optimization, RSM gave an improvement of IC50 from 0.060 (95% CI, 0.0300.080) to 0.017 (95% CI, 0.0160.019), from 0.098 (95% CI, 0.0770.127) to 0.028 (95% CI, 0.0220.037) and from 0.040 (95% CI, 0.035.045) to 0.023 (95% CI, 0.0200.027), for mercury, silver and copper, respectively. A near real-time monitoring of mercury concentration in the Straits of Malacca at one location in Port Klang was carried out over a 4-h interval for a total of 24 h and validated by instrumental analysis with the result revealing an absence of mercury pollution in the sampling site.

Optimization of Synthesis Technology of Acetylferrocene by Response Surface Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
Da Wei Yin ◽  
Gang Tao Liang ◽  
Xiao Ming Sun ◽  
Yu Ting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Acetyl Chloride ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Experimental Yield ◽  
Central Composite

Acetylferrocene was synthesized by acetyl chloride and ferrocene as raw materials, dichloromethane as the solvent, and ZnO as catalyst. Response surface methodology based on three-level, three-variable central composite rotable design was used to evaluate the interactive effects of the ratio of acetyl chloride and ferrocene(2-4), the amount of ZnO(1.0-1.3mol), reaction time(30-60 min)on the percentage yield of acylferrocene. The optimal raw material ratio, amount catalyst, and reaction time was 3:1, 1.19mol, 40min. Under the optimum conditions, the actual experimental yield can reach 86.72%.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF EDTA ENHANCED SOIL WASHING ON MULTIPLE HEAVY METALS REMOVAL USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei He ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Ping Ning ◽  
Xiao Gong
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Edta Concentration ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

This research presents the optimization of soil washing conditions in the removal of multiple heavy metals (Cu-Pb-Zn-Cd) under the using of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The optimum combination of washing parameters in a bench-scale soil washing experiments is determined by response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite design is applied after single factor experiment, EDTA concentration, solid-to-liquid ratio and washing time are evaluated variables for the removal processes, and the regression models of HMs are constructed. The results show that, EDTA concentration and solid-to-liquid ratio are significant factors for this process. Subsequently, 50% of Cu removal was set as the optimum target to optimize the combined conditions, through the building of multiple quadratic regression models, the optimal condition combination is determined that EDTA concentration is 0.0026 mol·L-1, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:22, washing time is 3.89 h, the extraction rate of Pb, Zn, Cd is predicted to be 78%, 75% and 71%, respectively.

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