scholarly journals Application of electrochemically synthesized ferrate(VI) in the purification of wastewater from coal separation plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Cekerevac ◽  
Ljiljana Nikolic-Bujanovic ◽  
Marko Mirkovic ◽  
Negica Popovic
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Separation Plant ◽  
Laboratory Procedure ◽  
Ammonia Content ◽  
Naoh Solution

The oxidative and coagulation efficiency of Na2FeO4 solution, electrochemically generated by trans-passive anodic oxidation of electrical steel in 10M NaOH solution, is confirmed in the process of purification of heavily contaminated wastewater from coal separation plant. The decontamination efficiency is evaluated comparing the values of selected contamination parameters obtained by chemical and biochemical analysis of plant effluent water and water obtained after decontamination with ferrate(VI) solution in relatively simple laboratory procedure. The sample of 450 ml of wastewater is treated in laboratory conditions with 100cm3 solution of 1 mg dm-3 Na2FeO4 in 10M NaOH. The chemical analysis of effluent water after treatment have shown almost 3 times lower permanganate index, about 3 times lower iron content, 1.45 times lower As3+ content, 7.35 times lower ammonia content. Turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) is reduced for more than 5.77and 13.4 times, respectively. The suspended and colloid matter is eliminated from effluent water after treatment with ferrate(VI) solution. Also, biochemical exploration has confirmed high efficiency of ferrate(VI) in organics and microbial elimination showing 7.1 times lower 5-days bio-chemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and total elimination of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria from effluent water. According to standards on quality of industrial wastewater effluents, it may be concluded that ferrate(VI) treatment of wastewater almost completely eliminates excess of dangerous chemicals and pathogen bacteria, with the exemption of arsenic. Thus, ferrate(VI) shows capable performance in treatment of coal separation plant wastewater.

scholarly journals Simultaneous nitrate and organic matter removal from a dairy effluent by biodenitrification

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hamdani ◽  
Mohammed Mountadar ◽  
Omar Assobhei
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Dairy Effluent ◽  
Organic Removal

In order to study the simultaneous removal of nitrate and organic matter from a dairy effluent containing 670 mg∙L-1 of nitrate (NO3--N) and 5 760 mg∙L-1 of dissolved chemical oxygen demand (CODd), denitrification in a laboratory scale bioreactor consisting of an immersed bacterial bed colonized by an heterotrophic denitrifying flora (HDF) selected for NO3- reduction, COD consumption and adapted to grow on an effluent produced by a dairy industry was investigated. The obtained results indicated that at the optimal conditions of temperature (30°C), pH (7), COD/NO3--N ratio (5), the operation lasted 108h with total reduction of nitrate in 72h, no nitrite accumulation, and 92% of soluble COD removal in 96h. This indicates that the biodenitrification was accompanied with a high efficiency of matter organic removal as an electron donor, and thereby satisfies the applicable standards.

Humus transformation at the bank filtration water plant

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. T. Miettinen ◽  
P. J. Martikainen ◽  
T. Vartiainen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Bank Filtration ◽  
Water Plant

Transformations in the amount and quality of organic matter (humus) during bank filtration of surface water were studied by analyzing the changes in total organic carbon (TOC), non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), color of water, and UV absorbing humus fractions. The amount of organic matter expressed as TOC, NPOC, and COD depended on temperature and filtration distance from lake water. The color of water and the UV absorbing humus peaks presenting different humus molecule fractions decreased more effectively than other parameters measuring the amount of organic matter in water. The ratio of COD to TOC decreased when the filtration distance of water increased. Our observations indicated that bank filtration of humus-rich lake water changed more the quality of organic matter than its total amount.

scholarly journals Magnetite and Hematite in Advanced Oxidation Processes Application for Cosmetic Wastewater Treatment

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Marcinowski ◽  
Dominika Bury ◽  
Monika Krupa ◽  
Dominika Ścieżyńska ◽  
Prasanth Prabhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Best Fit

Wastewater from a cosmetic factory, with an initial total organic carbon (TOC) of 146.4 mg/L, was treated with Fe2O3/Fe0/H2O2, Fe3O4/Fe0/H2O2, light/Fe2O3/Fe0/H2O2, and light/Fe3O4/Fe0/H2O2 processes. The light-supported processes were more effective than the lightless processes. The fastest TOC removal was observed during the first 15 min of the process. Out of the four tested kinetic models, the best fit was obtained for the modified second-order reaction with respect to the TOC value. The best treatment efficiency was obtained for the light/Fe3O4/Fe0/H2O2 process with 250/750 mg/L Fe3O4/Fe0 reagent doses, a 1:1 hydrogen peroxide to Chemical Oxygen Demand (H2O2/COD) mass ratio, and a 120 min process time. These conditions allowed 75.7% TOC removal to a final TOC of 35.52 mg/L and 90.5% total nitrogen removal to a final content of 4.9 mg/L. The five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand to Chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5/COD) ratio was increased slightly from 0.124 to 0.161. Application of Head Space Solid-Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) analysis allows for the detection and identification of 23 compounds contained in the raw wastewater. The identified compounds were eliminated during the applied process. The HS-SPME-GC-MS results confirmed the high efficiency of the treatment processes.

scholarly journals Anaerobic Wastewater Treatments : Prediction of Retention Time on RT/RW Plants

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessy Agustina Sari
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Polymer Mixture ◽  
Active Sludge ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Gas

Waste water treatment gave major problem in higher of chemical oxygen demand that backgrounded by amount and type of PT RT/RW products. The waste was polymer, mixture of nitrogen, mixture of phosphate, and oil. This factory used active sludge and microorganism (anaerobic condition). Research result showed that pH ranged 4,94 until 8,02. This data gave a decreasing sharply in acidic condition. The thing could be caused acetogenic phase in area pond anaerobic. The phenomenon might be recited because possibility of biologist living this waste did not take place as well and or could give deathly affect to the anaerobic bacteria. Customary pH for the bacteria was 6,8 – 7,4. Temperature data reached 28-33oC so their activities were good. Then, efficiency of anaerobic waste water treatment was 62,95 to 66,06%. The data indicated that the research was not accordance with SOP companies. Inlet concentration of chemical oxygen demand had variation and gave unbalancing affect to digestive bacteria load. Estimation to get valid COD was 11-14 days. The duration was required by the microorganism to digest the matter organic perfectly to be methane and carbon dioxide gas.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DE PARÂMETROS FÍSICO-QUÍMICOS DA ÁGUA DA MICROBACIA SÃO JORGE, TARABAI-SP

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
Danielli Chagas ◽  
Ana Paula da Silva Caciano Lima ◽  
Elson Mendonça Felici
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

The São Jorge stream micro basin, located in the municipality of Tarabai-SP, is divided into rural and urban areas, with the presence of livestock activities, residential and commercial buildings, as well as a flour industry. Human interference has been modifying water resources, making it necessary to monitor them and identify negative changes. Thus, in order to analyze the water quality of this micro-basin, pH, chemical oxygen demand, turbidity, electrical conductivity and nitrogen were analyzed to check for possible disagreements with the legislation. The results were compared to CONAMA 357/2000, which allowed to find discrepancies in the sample with greater proximity to the industry (4). The qualitative analysis of the stream made it possible to understand how much interference in the micro basininterferes negatively in thequality of its water; they are often not visible or easy to identify, but they are present altering the characteristics of the water.

scholarly journals Domestic wastewater treatment with household-scale constructed wetland system using water fern plant (Azolla pinnata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 (1) ◽  
pp. 012032
Author(s):  
A Magfhira ◽  
P Kinasih ◽  
D Salsabila ◽  
E Marchella ◽  
M F Fachrul
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Abstract The purpose of writing this scientific paper is to analyze more deeply the management of the quality of the aquatic environment, especially regarding the treatment of domestic wastewater on a household scale. Domestic wastewater treatment with a constructed land system using Air Fern (Azolla pinnata) is expected to reduce concentration parameters such as BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), and Ammonia. The growth rate of Air Fern (Azolla pinnata) after acclimatization is quite good so that it can reduce BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and Ammonia, which are a source of nutrients for plant growth so that it can be used as a promising material for plant growth. It can be used as a promising material for plant growth domestic wastewater treatment. The analysis was carried out using the blended concept, a combination of virtual, online, and laboratory/field activities (offline/outside the network) while still paying attention to health protocols. The priority of this literature study research is to provide input for the government in the form of alternative solutions for managing the quality of the aquatic environment, especially regarding domestic wastewater treatment on a household scale. In addition, this research also supports the international Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program: Goal 6: Access to Clean Water and Sanitation” in point 3, namely “Improving water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating waste disposal, and minimizing the disposal of chemicals and hazardous materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally”. This research can contribute to appropriate technology in environmental biotechnology, namely wastewater treatment with a system that has simple technology, low cost, energy-saving and is environmentally friendly, which can create a level of hygiene and comfort for the community and maintain environmental sustainability future.

scholarly journals STUDI ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI BAH BIAK KOTA PEMATANGSIANTAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Ewin Handoco
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

High community activity on the border of the Bah Biak River causes pollution in the waters of the river. The increase in the number of settlements and industries in Pematangsiantar city certainly has an impact on the quality of its waters. The purpose of this study is to find out the water quality of the Bah Biak River in Pematangsiantar City covering the physical and chemical parameters of the waters. This research was conducted in 2021 in Bah Biak River Pematangsiantar city. Water sampling in the Bah Biak River is carried out with three repetitions, namely in March, June and August taking into account the representation of the seasons. Water sampling is carried out in situ for parameters of brightness, pH, total dissolved solid (TDS), electrical delivery, temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia, while for laboratory scale measurements are carried out for biologycal oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) parameters. The results of the measurement will be displayed in graphic form and descriptively discussed by referring to the specified quality standards. Based on the results of measurements of several water quality parameters in the Bah Biak River, it can be concluded that the majority of the parameters studied still meet the quality standards but there are parameters that have passed the quality standard threshold, namely BOD and ammonia parameters.   ABSTRAK Tingginya aktivitas masyarakat di sempadan Sungai Bah Biak menyebabkan pencemaran di perairan sungai tersebut. Peningkatan jumlah pemukiman dan industri di Kota Pematangsiantar tentu berdampak kepada kualitas perairannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air sungai Bah Biak di Kota Pematangsiantar meliputi parameter fisik dan kimia perairan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2021 di Sungai Bah Biak Kota Pematangsiantar. Pengambilan sampel air di Sungai Bah Biak dilakukan dengan tiga kali pengulangan yaitu pada bulan Maret, Juni dan Agustus dengan mempertimbangkan keterwakilan musim. Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan secara insitu untuk parameter kecerahan, pH, total dissolved solid (TDS), daya hantar listrik, suhu dan dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia, sedangkan untuk pengukuran skala laboratorium dilakukan untuk parameter biologycal oxygen demand (BOD) dan chemical oxygen demand(COD). Hasil pengukuran akan ditampilkan dalam bentuk grafik dan dibahas seacara deskriptif dengan merujuk pada baku mutu yang ditetapkan. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran beberapa parameter kualitas air di Sungai Bah Biak maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa mayoritas parameter yang diteliti masih memenuhi baku mutu namun terdapat parameter yang telah melewati ambang baku mutu yaitu parameter BOD dan ammonia. Kata Kunci: kualitas air, aktivitas masyarakat, pencemaran, baku mutu, Sungai Bah Biak

scholarly journals Turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2158
Author(s):  
Oumaima El bied ◽  
Mathieu Kessler ◽  
Martire Angélica Terrero ◽  
Taoufiq Fechtali ◽  
Angel Faz Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Treatment Optimization ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Double Filtration

Pig slurry is considered a high-risk effluent that causes several environmental problems if it is not adequately managed and treated. White Iberian pig farms in the southeast of Spain treat their slurry in situ using separation, double filtration, decantation, and constructed wetland treatments. However, the pretreatment process does not successfully reduce solids, which leads to clogging in the constructed wetlands (CWs). The main objective of this research paper is to reduce the turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from the effluent to make it appropriate for CW treatment. Optimization of the coagulation–flocculation (CF) process using iron chloride and a cationic flocculent DKFLOCC-1598 was investigated by a central composite design method (CCD). The effects of coagulant concentration, pH, and flocculent on the COD and turbidity removal were evaluated. The best results were found using 0.024 mol L−1 iron chloride and 0.164 mL L−1 flocculent at pH 7.5, which reduced COD by 96% and delivered turbidity removal of 97%. Therefore, the results indicate the high efficiency of the treatment method in reducing the COD and suspended solids.

scholarly journals First study of water quality in the San Camilo and Mojahuevo estuaries located in Guayas for being used in aquaculture

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
René Rodríguez-Grimón ◽  
Juan Valenzuela-Cobos ◽  
Juan Erazo-Delgado ◽  
Narvaez Teran ◽  
María Garcés-Moncayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Ammonia Content ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Productive Process

The water quality of the San Camilo and Mojahuevo estuaries was monitored in the months of April (rainy season) and June (dry season) of 2016. The water of the Mojahuevo estury presented in both seasons the lowest values of turbidity between 17.20 and 33.70 UNT, biochemical oxygen demand being in a range between 14.00 and 19.00 mg/L, zinc content (0.02-0.05 mg/L) and copper content (0.07 mg/L), ammonia content (0.21-0.35 mg/L), fats and oils (0.23-0.29 mg/L), phosphates (0.39-2.34 mg/L) and nitrates (0.84-2.29 mg/L), while the water of the two estuaries San Camilo and Mojahuevo (rainy season) showed similar phenolic content (0.019 mg/L). The results showed that the Mojahuevo estuary presented the high quality of water recommended for being used in productive process like aquaculture due to the low presence of pollutants.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kualitas Biogas Melalui Proses Pemurnian Dengan Purifier Bertingkat Seri Menggunakan Adsorben Arang Aktif Dan Zeolit

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Abdul Mukhlis Ritonga ◽  
Masrukhi Masrukhi ◽  
Ahmad Mafrukhi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Volatile Solid ◽  
Methane Gas

Abstrak. Biogas merupakan gas yang dihasilkan dari bahan organik melalui proses fermentasi. Energi yang terkandung dalam biogas tergantung dari konsentrasi metana (CH4). Semakin tinggi kandungan metana maka semakin besar kandungan energi pada biogas. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kandungan gas metana pada biogas serta dapat menurunkan gas-gas pengotor seperti CO2, dan gas-gas lain yang tidak terpakai dengan pemurnian menggunakan purifier yang telah di isi adsorben, pada penelitian ini adsorben yang digunakan yaitu arang aktif dan zeolit. Variabel yang diukur dalam penelitian ini yaitu C/N rasio, pH, suhu, total solid (TS), volatile solid (VS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) yang berpengaruh dalam produksi gas metan. Kadar  CH4 dan CO2 setelah dimurnikan, dan waktu optimal untuk proses pemurnian biogas, perlakuan yang diberikan menggunakan 3 waktu pengujian, yaitu 30, 60, dan 90 menit. Percobaan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio C/N sebesar 20,36 dengan suhu rata-rata 25,1oC dan pH rata-rata 6. Nilai BOD awal dan akhir masing-masing sejumlah 77800,86 mg/l dan 53002,42 mg/l dan COD awal dan akhir masing-masing sejumlah 59800 mg/l dan 36000 mg/l. TS dan VS masing masing mengalami penurunan sebesar 20,99% dan 17,93%. Penggunaan adsorben arang aktif dan zeolit dapat meningkatkan kandungan gas CH4 sebesar 136,5% dan menurunkan kandungan gas CO2 sebesar 64% pada biogas. Lama waktu pengujian mampu meningkatkan konsentrasi CH4 dan menurunkan kandungan gas CO2 dengan waktu paling optimal yaitu 30 menit.Increasing Quality Of Biogas With Purification Proses On Double Arranged Series Purifier Using Activated Charcoal And Zeolit AdsorbentAbstract. The quality of biogas is determined by the methane (CH4) content in the biogas. A good biogas is indicated by its high methane content. One way to increase the methane gas content in biogas is by purification using a series-level purifier that has been filled with adsorbents. In this study, the adsorbents used were activated charcoal and zeolite. The variables measured include CN ratio, pH, temperature, total solid (TS), volatile solid (VS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) which influential in methane gas production. CH4 and CO2 levels, before and after purification. Biogas was purified for a duration of 30, 60, 90 minutes and was repeated three times. The results showed that the C/N ratio was 20.36 with an average temperature of 25.1 °C and an average pH of 6. The initial and final BOD values were 77800.86 mg/l and 53002.42 mg/l and the initial and final COD values were 59800 mg/l and 36000 mg/l. TS and VS experienced a decrease of 20.99% and 17.93%. The use of activated charcoal and zeolite adsorbents was able to increase the CH4 gas content by 136.5% and reduce the CO2 gas content by 64%. The optimal purification time is 30 minutes.

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