scholarly journals The influence of the parameters of lost foam process on the quality of aluminum alloys castings

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Zagorka Acimovic-Pavlovic ◽  
Milutin Djuricic ◽  
Sasa Drmanic ◽  
Rade Djuricic
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Special Consideration ◽  
Refractory Coating ◽  
Metal Pattern ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lost Foam

This paper presents the research results of application of Lost foam process for aluminum alloys castings of a simple geometry. The process characteristic is that patterns and gating of moulds, made of polymers, stay in the mould till the liquid metal inflow. In contact with the liquid metal, pattern intensely and in relatively short time decomposes and evaporates, which is accompanied by casting crystallization. As a consequence of polymer pattern decomposition and evaporation a great quantity of liquid and gaseous products are produced, which is often the cause of different types of casting errors. This paper presents the results of a research with a special consideration given to detecting and analyzing the errors of castings. In most cases the cause of these errors are defects of polymer materials used for evaporable patterns production, as well as defects of materials for refractory coatings production for polymer patterns. The researches have shown that different types of coatings determine properties of the obtained castings. Also, the critical processing parameters (polymer pattern density, casting temperature, permeability of refractory coating and sand, construction of patterns and gating of moulds) significantly affect on castings quality. During the research a special consideration was given to control and optimization of these parameters with the goal of achieving applicable castings properties. The study of surface and internal error of castings was performed systematically in order to carry out preventive measures to avoid errors and minimize production costs. In order to achieve qualitative and profitable castings production by the method of Lost foam it is necessary to reach the balance in the system: evaporable polymer pattern - liquid metal - refractory coating - sandy cast in the phase of metal inflow, decomposition and evaporation of polymer pattern, formation and solidification of castings. By optimizing the processing parameters castings of required structural and mechanical characteristics could be achieved, casting defects characteristic for this process could be avoided with the result of the production costs saving. The presented results can be useful to define parameters of Lost foam process and its application in practice with objective to obtain castings with in advance specified quality.

scholarly journals Test Bench for Analyzing the Lost Foam Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kaczorowski ◽  
P. Just ◽  
T. Pacyniak
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Refractory Coating ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Mould Cavity ◽  
Continuous Measuring ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Gas Gap ◽  
Lost Foam

Abstract The current work presents and describes the test bench for analyzing the lost foam process, especially measuring of the pressure of gases in the gas gap and continuous measuring of the rate of rise of the bath level when pouring the liquid metal into the mould. A series of preliminary research was carried out on the bench which was aimed at determining the influence of the basic parameters of the process, i.e. the density of the styrofoam pattern, thickness of the refractory coating applied on the pattern, kind of the alloy and the temperature of pouring on the mould cavity by the liquid metal and the pressure of gases in the gas gap.

PROFITABILITAS USAHA PETERNAKAN AYAM BROILER DENGAN TIPE KANDANG YANG BERBEDA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Mukminah ◽  
Rita Purwasih
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Different Types

This study aims to determine and compare the profitability of different types of broiler chicken farms (open and cloused houses) in Subang Regency. This study involved 9 farmers consisting of 5 farmers with closed house and 4 farmers with open house who partnered with PT. Surya Unggas Mandiri (PT. SUM). Production costs taken are 2 production periods from May-August 2018. Data are analyzed using economic analysis and descriptive methods. The results showed that the production cost per period per 1000 birds closed house was higher (Rp. 27.656.768,-) compared to open house (Rp. 24.975.671,-). The revenue per period per 1000 birds of closed house is higher (Rp. 30.606.931,-) compared to open house (Rp. 25.788.618,-). The profit of farmers who use closed house is higher (Rp. 2.621/period/bird) than open house (Rp.417,-). The profitability in close house s is 9.48% and is very feasible to develop

The challenges facing the feed industry.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Angela Booth ◽  
Helen Masey O'Neill ◽  
Liz Quigley
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Product Safety ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Feed Industry ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Uk

Abstract This chapter describes the characteristics of the UK feed industry, including performance and efficiency, environmental impact of different types and quantities of nutrients, health and welfare, feed formulation, product safety, legislation, production costs, marketing and continuous improvements.

Utilization of Fly Ash Contaminated by SNCR Flue Gas Denitrification into Polymer Epoxy Anchor

2018 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Tomáš Žlebek ◽  
Jakub Hodul ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Flue Gas Denitrification

The paper deals with the possibility of using two different types of fly ash contaminated by flue gas denitrification (Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR)) as a filler into the polymer anchor based on epoxy resin. Due to the problematic use of contaminated fly ash in silicate materials, the use of such fly ash in polymer materials seems to be effective because by mixing with polymers such as polyester and epoxy resins, toxic gas ammonia (NH3) does not release. Determination of optimal percentage of filling by the fly ash was performed in order to achieve the best possible physical and mechanical properties of the epoxy anchor material. It was found out that the 45% addition of both used of contaminated fly ashes seems to be the most appropriate, when the polymer anchor material exhibited better tensile properties than reference anchors containing quartz sand Dorsilit. Furthermore, it was found that the optimal addition of contaminated fly ash also positively influenced the maximum anchoring force found in the tug test. Detailed connection of anchor material with anchored bar and concrete was observed on tomography images.

Physical Model of Aluminium Refining Process in the Batch and Continuous Reactors

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 1553-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Saternus ◽  
Jan Botor
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Gas Bubbles ◽  
Physical Modelling ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Refining Process ◽  
Continuous Reactor ◽  
Gas Dispersion ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Over Dispersion

Both primary and secondary aluminium need to be refined. The most popular methods of aluminium refining is barbotage. This method is based on the introduction of refining gas bubbles into liquid metal. It can be done in batch or continuous reactors. The refining gas can be introduced to the metal by lances, ceramic porous plugs or rotary impellers. The gas bubbles generated in this way are then mixed with the liquid metal and the level of mixing depends on the processing parameters such as the flow rate of refining gas or the impeller speed. Five patterns of the refining gas dispersion in the liquid metal are known: no dispersion, minimal dispersion, intimate dispersion, uniform dispersion and over-dispersion. Physical modelling is the best way to visualize these kinds of dispersion. It also helps to choose the adequate processing parameters. However, it is also important to keep the dynamic and geometrical similarities to the refining process. In the paper the physical modelling of the aluminium refining process is presented. Two reactors: URO-200 batch reactor with a rotary impeller and URC-7000 continuous reactor with ceramic porous plugs were taken into consideration.

scholarly journals The Brewing Industry and the Opportunities for Real-Time Quality Analysis Using Infrared Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen Fox
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Brewing Process

Brewing is an ancient process which started in the middle east over 10,000 years ago. The style of beer varies across the globe but modern brewing is very much the same regardless of the style. While there are thousands of compounds in beer, current methods of analysis rely mostly on the content of only several important processing parameters such as gravity, bitterness, or alcohol. Near infrared and mid infrared spectroscopy offer opportunities to predict dozens to hundreds of compounds simultaneously at different stages of the brewing process. Importantly, this is an opportunity to move deeper into quality through measuring wort and beer composition, rather than just content. This includes measuring individual sugars and amino acids prior to fermentation, rather than total °Plato or free amino acids content. Portable devices and in-line probes, coupled with more complex algorithms can provide real time measurements, allowing brewers more control of the process, resulting in more consistent quality, reduced production costs and greater confidence for the future.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Printed PLA and PLA/PHA Dumbbell-Shaped Specimens: Material Defects and Their Impact on Degradation Behavior

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Rydz ◽  
Jakub Włodarczyk ◽  
Jennifer Gonzalez Ausejo ◽  
Marta Musioł ◽  
Wanda Sikorska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Printing Direction

The use of (bio)degradable polymers, especially in medical applications, requires a proper understanding of their properties and behavior in various environments. Structural elements made of such polymers may be exposed to changing environmental conditions, which may cause defects. That is why it is so important to determine the effect of processing conditions on polymer properties and also their subsequent behavior during degradation. This paper presents original research on a specimen’s damage during 70 days of hydrolytic degradation. During a standard hydrolytic degradation study of polylactide and polylactide/polyhydroxyalkanoate dumbbell-shaped specimens obtained by 3D printing with two different processing build directions, exhibited unexpected shrinkage phenomena in the last degradation series, representing approximately 50% of the length of the specimens irrespective of the printing direction. Therefore, the continuation of previous ex-ante research of advanced polymer materials is presented to identify any possible defects before they arise and to minimize the potential failures of novel polymer products during their use and also during degradation. Studies on the impact of a specific processing method, i.e., processing parameters and conditions, on the properties expressed in molar mass and thermal properties changes of specimens obtained by three-dimensional printing from polyester-based filaments, and in particular on the occurrence of unexpected shrinkage phenomena after post-processing heat treatment, are presented.

Working Body for Deformation of Thin-Walled Pipe Billets

2019 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
pp. 628-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Maryin ◽  
Phyo Wai Aung
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Compression Load ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Thin Walled Pipe ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Fast Flow ◽  
Rigid Matrix ◽  
Transfer Pressure

In this paper we consider different types of working bodies and fillers used in the manufacture of hydro-gas systems of aircraft from thin-walled pipe billets, and also explored the advantages and disadvantages of liquid, fusible, solid, elastic, loose and combined fillers in the deformation of pipe segments by means of distribution, crimping, forming and flexible. As a result of the research, a device for distributing pipe billets along a rigid matrix and a working body made of granular polyurethane and ice, the main advantages of which are: good rheological properties (fast flow); high ductility and viscosity; high ability to transfer pressure throughout the metal zone; ability to withstand high compression load; ease of entry into the workpiece and removal from the finished part; low production costs.

scholarly journals Preparation of Porous Biodegradable Polymer and Its Nanocomposites by Supercritical CO2Foaming for Tissue Engineering

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Liao ◽  
Haichen Zhang ◽  
Ting He
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Porous Polymer ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Biodegradable Materials ◽  
High Level ◽  
Foaming Technology

Using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as an alternative to conventional methods in the preparation of porous biodegradable polymer and polymer/nanocomposites for tissue engineering has attracted increasing interest in recent years due to the absence of using organic solvents and the ability to incorporate thermosensitive biologicals without loss of bioactivity. Additionally, scCO2can exert a high level of control over porosity and morphology of scaffolds by tuning the processing parameters. This paper describes the newly achievements on the preparation of porous polymer materials using scCO2foaming technology with focus on the porous biodegradable materials and its nanocomposites relevant to tissue engineering.

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