scholarly journals Precipitation trends in the Gambia River Basin (Senegal) for the period 1971-2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Cheikh Faye
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
West African ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
Strong Decrease ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
Precipitation Trends

Since the 1970s, West African streams experienced profound modifications connected to pluviometric deficit, which have influenced on a strong decrease of water resources. The objective of this study is to analyze trends of precipitation at the six selected stations in the Senegalese part of Gambia River basin, using graphical and statistical approach. Methodology is consisted of an analysis of monthly, seasonal and annual variability of precipitation for the 1971-2010 period, through Non-parametric tests. Study revealed a strong variability and often a contrasting evolution between various stations (K?dougou, Simenti, Tambacounda, Kounghel, Nioro and Goudiry). Between the periods 1971-1990 and 1991-2010, the value U of Mann-Whitney, had changed from 60 to 40 at Tambacounda, 64 to 59 at K?dougou and 63 to 51 at Simenti station, which showed non-significant trends in annual total precipitation for the studied period. Sen?s estimator revealed significant descending trends on K?dougou station (9.812 mm/year for the period 1971-1990 and 0.309 mm/year for the period 1991-2010), and Simenti station too. On the other hand (in the whole article), on the stations of Tambacounda, Goudiry and Koungheul, the reduction is noticed for the period 1971-1990 (3.658 mm/year on Tambacounda), and an increase is noticed in the period 1991-2010 (13.21 mm/year on Tambacounda). For the station Nioro, on other hand, increase is noted in both periods (3.801 mm/year and 8.841 mm/year). The assumption is that these significant trends of precipitation during the last four decades could be attributed to the climate changes.

THE EFFECT OF EVENT AND PUBLICITY TOWARDS BRAND AWARENESS ON FINANCIAL SERVICE AUTHORITY (OJK)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 281-292
Author(s):  
Donant Alananto Iskandar ◽  
Siti Dewi Sri Ratna Sari
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Financial Service ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brand Awareness ◽  
Financial Service Authority ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The People

This study aims to find out the effect of event and publicity towards brand awareness on Indonesia Financial Service Authority, usually called with its abbreviation OJK. The research background is because OJK was newly established as a financial service authority, replacing Bank Indonesia. Therefore, exploring the awareness of the people about the function of OJK is interesting to be a research subject.This method used in this study is the quantitative method with 82 samples as the questionnaire respondents. The population chosen was an OJK’s event held at LPPI and Indonesia Banking School with 122 participants. Validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, correlation, determination, regression, hypothesis and ANOVA tests are used as a statistical approach in order to define the outcome of the survey. The results of this study are both event and publicity have a positive and a significant influence towards brand awareness partially and simultaneously. As the conclusion, OJK should continue its programs. On the other hand, OJK should find another public relations strategy to accelerate people awareness about the duties of OJK. Keywords: Event, Publicity, Brand Awareness

scholarly journals Comparing climate change indices between a northern (arid) and a southern (humid) basin in Mexico during the last decades

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín José Montero-Martínez ◽  
Julio Sergio Santana-Sepúlveda ◽  
Naydú Isabel Pérez-Ortiz ◽  
Óscar Pita-Díaz ◽  
Salvador Castillo-Liñan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Previous Analysis ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Humid Area ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract. It is a matter of current study to determine potential climate changes in different parts of the world, especially in regions like a basin which has the potential to affect socioeconomic and environmental issues in a defined area. This study provides a comparison between several climate change indices trends of two very different basins in Mexico, one located in the northern arid region (the Conchos River basin) and the other in the southern humid area (the Usumacinta River basin). First, quality control, homogenization, and completion of the missing data were applied before calculating the climate change indices and their respective trends for the combined period 1961–1994. A clear warming signal was found for the two basins in addition to an increment in the DTR, in agreement with other studies in Mexico. Also, the Conchos River basin was found to be more humid and the Usumacinta River basin drier, in accordance to a supposed seesaw behavior indicated in previous analysis.

Source of N-nitrosodimethylamine in river waters of the upper Tone River basin in Japan

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2550-2557 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kosaka ◽  
K. Fukui ◽  
M. Asami ◽  
M. Akiba
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Sewage Effluent ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Industrial Discharge ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Kanto Region

The presence of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in the Hirose River and its tributaries, located in the upper Tone River basin, in the Kanto region of Japan, was investigated. NDMA was detected at high levels in the Arato River, one of the tributaries of the Hirose River, at high concentrations (up to 2,100 ng/L). Due to the confluence of the Arato River, NDMA concentration in the Hirose River increased (up to 61 ng/L). The NDMA in the Arato River was due to industrial discharge from a livestock processing plant located near the river. There were three discharges at the plant, with NDMA concentrations of 78, 11, and 33,000 ng/L. The industrial discharges from the livestock processing plant did not contain significant amounts of NDMA precursors on chloramination. On the other hand, sewage effluent was shown to contain NDMA precursors. The amounts of NDMA precursors in the sewage effluent that were rapidly transformed into NDMA were considered to be lower than those slowly transformed into NDMA.

scholarly journals Editor's Note

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. v-vii ◽  
Author(s):  
Harlan Koff ◽  
Carmen Maganda
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Consciousness ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Program ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The United Nations

Much debate has swirled around the United Nations’ (UN) 2000–2015 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). On one hand, the MDGs established the fight against poverty in the global political consciousness. On the other hand, they maintained a traditional statistical approach to “development” that focused on indicators more than transformation. Critics (such as Blanco Sío-López, 2015; Martens, 2015) have contended that the MDGs reinforced power imbalances and the indicators included in the political program were unattainable by many developing states since the beginning.

How Ancient is West African Maize?

Africa ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. W. Jeffreys
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West African ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vernacular Names ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Other Hand

Eastern Whites in Western AfricaMy article on Zaburro was written in the expectation that it would stimulate discussion over the antiquity of maize in West Africa, and the matter has been taken up by Professor Portères (1959), on whose publication Mr. Willett has relied for certain inferences in his article in Africa for January 1962. Among the interesting points brought forward by Professor Portères (1959, vi) are the groups of African vernacular names which indicate that maize was introduced by foreigners, strangers, whitemen. A similar observation had been made more than a hundred years ago by Koelle (a. 1854, v), a missionary in Sierra Leone, who wrote: ‘…the names for onion, rice, maize, &c. show that in many countries [in Africa] these articles have been introduced by foreigners.…’ Who these foreigners were Koelle, with his long list of vernacular words for whiteman to choose from, leaves indeterminate. On the other hand, underlying Professor Portères's view that it was the Portuguese or the Dutch who brought maize to the Guynee coast, lies the assumption that the foreigners, the strangers, the whitemen indicated by these vernacular names were the Portuguese and the Dutch.

scholarly journals The species of Hemiancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from Ecuador

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4272 (2) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO PROVENZANO R. ◽  
RAMIRO BARRIGA S.
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Analysis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fish Collection ◽  
Pacific Slope ◽  
Different Color

At the Fish Collection of the Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, three species traditionally grouped in the genus Hemiancistrus were identified: H. annectens (Regan 1904), H. landoni Eigenmann 1916, and a new specie described here. The new species inhabits exclusively in the Esmeraldas River Basin, Pacific slope, northwestern Ecuador. It is easily recognized by the completely naked abdomen, with rounded, dark spots, and a different color pattern on the dorsal and caudal fins. A comparative analysis of bones related to the opercular mobility, shows important differences between H. annectens, H. landoni, and the new species, suggesting that H. annectens does not belong to the genus Hemiancistrus or the Ancistrini group. According to the characteristics observed in these bones, H. annectens shows greater similarity to those reported in species of the Hypostomini group, supporting its inclusion in this group, but placing it in the genus Hypostomus requires further analysis. On the other hand, the conditions observed on the bones of Hemiancistrus landoni and the new species suggest that both are inside of the Ancistrini group. The new species is placed in the genus Hemiancistrus tentatively, pending future analysis.

The Social Organization of Credit in a West African Cattle Market

Africa ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abner Cohen
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
West African ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
African Cattle ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Cattle Market

Opening ParagraphCredit is a vital economic institution without which trade becomes very limited. In the industrial Western societies, where it is highly developed, it operates through formal, standardized arrangements and procedures by which the solvency of the debtor is closely assessed, securities against possible default are provided, and the conditions of the agreement are documented and endorsed by the parties concerned. Ultimately, these arrangements and procedures are upheld by legislated rules and sanctions administered by central, bureaucratized, fairly impartial, efficient, and effective courts and police. In West Africa, on the other hand, where long-distance trade has been fostered by varying ecological circumstances, such organization has not yet evolved, particularly for long-distance trade. Nevertheless extensive systems of credit have been developed.

Kick-Out Phenomena in Epitaxially Boron- and Aluminum-Doped 4H-SiC during Implantation and Annealing Processes

2006 ◽  
Vol 527-529 ◽  
pp. 843-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Negoro ◽  
Tsunenobu Kimoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Matsunami ◽  
Gerhard Pensl
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Annealing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strong Decrease ◽  
Depth Profiles ◽  
Other Hand

It is investigated whether the homogeneous depth profiles of epitaxially doped B or Al are changed or preserved by implantation of various implanted species and annealing processes. We have found a strong decrease in the atomic B concentration in epitaxially B-doped layers after implantation of N+, Al+, and P+ and subsequent annealing at 1700 °C. On the other hand, the Al profiles in epitaxially Al-doped layers are preserved after the same processes.

scholarly journals A statistical approach to latitude measurements: Ptolemy's and Riccioli's geographical works as case studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Santoro
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
New Information ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
The Right

Abstract. The aim of this work is to analyze latitude measurements typically used in historical geographical works through a statistical approach. We use two sets of different age as case studies: Ptolemy's Geography and Riccioli's work on geography. A statistical approach to historical latitude and longitude databases can reveal systematic errors in geographical georeferencing processes. On the other hand, once exploiting the right statistical analysis, this approach can also lead to new information about ancient city locations.

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