scholarly journals Analysis of the climate change in Slovenia: Changes in plant development under the influence of meteorological parameters in the period 1961-2011 - part II

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Milosevic ◽  
Igor Ziberna ◽  
Stevan Savic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Temperature Thresholds ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Phenological Phases

In this paper spring and autumn temperature thresholds of 5?C and 10?C, active air temperature sums and lengths of growing seasons with temperature threshold of 5?C and 10?C were analyzed. The analysis were made for 10 meteorological stations for the period 1961-2011. The dates of occurrence of phenological phases of selected plants (oxeye daisy, beech, apple, winter wheat and maize) has been investigated. It was observed a tendency of earlier appearance of spring phenological phases and later appearance of autumn phenological phases. As a result extension of vegetation periods in the Republic of Slovenia is present. Dates with occurrence of phenological phases of selected plants from 8 phenological stations were connected with the results of the analysis of meteorological parameters from 8 meteorological stations. The highest correlation coefficients were obtained for the temperature parameters (0.8), while the average precipitation quantities, number of days with frost, potential evapotranspiration and water balance showed a low correlation coefficient values with the appearance of phenological phases.

scholarly journals Analysis of the climate change in Slovenia: Fluctuations of meteorological parameters for the period 1961-2011 - part I

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Milosevic ◽  
Stevan Savic ◽  
Igor Ziberna
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Phenological Data ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
The Republic

This paper represents an analysis of the time series of selected meteorological parameters: mean, maximum and minimum air temperatures, sums of effective air temperature values with the temperature thresholds 5?C and 10?C, average precipitation quantities, number of days with frost, potential evapotranspiration and water balance. Study included data from 10 meteorological stations located on the territory of the Republic of Slovenia for the period 1961-2011. Analyzes were performed on a seasonal and annual basis. The obtained results showed a statistically significant positive trends of temperature parameters and potential evapotranspiration, while average precipitation quantities and water balance had a negative trend on the seasonal and annual basis. Positive trend of number of days with frost is present on most stations. In the second part of this paper, the obtained results were associated with the phenological data (data about the development of plants) in order to determine the intensity of correlation between them.

scholarly journals Mycotoxins in maize: Annual variations and the impact of climate change

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Kos ◽  
Elizabet Janic-Hajnal ◽  
Anamarija Mandic ◽  
Olivera Djuragic ◽  
Pavle Jovanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The presence of aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisins (FUMs) was examined in maize samples from the Republic of Serbia. The maize samples were collected during the period 2012-2016, and analyzed every year after harvest using validated Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The obtained results were considered regarding the weather conditions parameters recorded during the investigated maize growing seasons. Significant differences in weather-related parameters recorded in the five-year period resulted in different mycotoxin profiles between the investigated years. Obtained results indicate that the presence of ZEA and DON in maize is characteristic of years with abundant precipitation, while AFs and OTA mainly occur in maize during hot and dry years. Furthermore, FUMs were detected with different contamination frequency in maize samples from every year. Based on the findings obtained in this study, as well as on noted changes in weather conditions in the recent years it could be assumed that maize from Serbia may become susceptible to problems concerning mycotoxins. Therefore, there is a necessity for monitoring and research related to the mycotoxins occurrence in maize from Serbia.

Tree species distributions related to climatic patterns in Michigan

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 613-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley R. Denton ◽  
Burton V. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
White Pine ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
Black Oak

Relationships between the distributions of major forest species and climatic patterns in Michigan were examined using binary discriminant analysis ordination, Kolmogrov–Smirnov statistics, histograms, and correlation coefficients. Species occurring only in southern Lower Michigan (e.g., sassafras, Sassafrasalbidum (Nutt.) Nees) were strongly associated with warm, long growing seasons that had high night temperatures, low precipitation relative to potential evapotranspiration throughout the summer months, and low heat sums prior to last spring freeze. Species found throughout Lower Michigan but not extending into Upper Michigan (e.g., black oak, Quercusvelutina Lamarck, and white oak, Q. alba L.) had similar associations except that they were not strongly associated with low heat sums prior to last spring freeze. Conifers (e.g., balsam fir, Abiesbalsamea (L.) Miller, and white pine, Pinusstrobus L.) were associated with short growing seasons of highly variable length, high heat sums prior to last spring freeze, high precipitation relative to potential evapotranspiration even in July and August when the difference between precipitation and evapotranspiration was greatest, and low night temperatures relative to daytime temperatures. All species had individualistic correlations with major climatic statistics. Species range limits, where they occurred in the state, were generally simultaneously correlated with more than one climatic variable.

scholarly journals Contributions of Vegetation Greening and Climate Change to Evapotranspiration Trend after Large-Scale Vegetation Restoration on the Loess Plateau, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1755
Author(s):  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Chenfeng Cui ◽  
Qin Dai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
The Loess Plateau

Since the early 2000s, the vegetation cover of the Loess Plateau (LP) has increased significantly, which has been fully recorded. However, the effects on relevant eco-hydrological processes are still unclear. Here, we made an investigation on the changes of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) during 2000–2018 and connected them with vegetation greening and climate change in the LP, based on the remote sensing data with correlation and attribution analysis. Results identified that the average annual ETa on the LP exhibited an obvious increasing trend with the value of 9.11 mm yr−1, and the annual ETa trend was dominated by the changes of ETa in the third quarter (July, August, and September). The future trend of ETa was predicted by the Hurst exponent. Partial correlation analysis indicated that annual ETa variations in 87.8% regions of the LP were controlled by vegetation greening. Multiple regression analysis suggested that the relative contributions of potential evapotranspiration (ETp), precipitation, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), to the trend of ETa were 5.7%, −26.3%, and 61.4%, separately. Vegetation greening has a close relationship with the Grain for Green (GFG) project and acts as an essential driver for the long-term development trend of water consumption on the LP. In this research, the potential conflicts of water demanding between the natural ecosystem and social-economic system in the LP were highlighted, which were caused by the fast vegetation expansion.

scholarly journals A demographic approach to study effects of climate change in desert plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1606) ◽  
pp. 3100-3114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Salguero-Gómez ◽  
Wolfgang Siewert ◽  
Brenda B. Casper ◽  
Katja Tielbörger
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Desert Plant ◽  
Desert Plants ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Mechanistic Approach ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Variable Precipitation

Desert species respond strongly to infrequent, intense pulses of precipitation. Consequently, indigenous flora has developed a rich repertoire of life-history strategies to deal with fluctuations in resource availability. Examinations of how future climate change will affect the biota often forecast negative impacts, but these—usually correlative—approaches overlook precipitation variation because they are based on averages . Here, we provide an overview of how variable precipitation affects perennial and annual desert plants, and then implement an innovative, mechanistic approach to examine the effects of precipitation on populations of two desert plant species. This approach couples robust climatic projections, including variable precipitation, with stochastic, stage-structured models constructed from long-term demographic datasets of the short-lived Cryptantha flava in the Colorado Plateau Desert (USA) and the annual Carrichtera annua in the Negev Desert (Israel). Our results highlight these populations' potential to buffer future stochastic precipitation. Population growth rates in both species increased under future conditions: wetter, longer growing seasons for Cryptantha and drier years for Carrichtera . We determined that such changes are primarily due to survival and size changes for Cryptantha and the role of seed bank for Carrichtera . Our work suggests that desert plants, and thus the resources they provide, might be more resilient to climate change than previously thought.

scholarly journals Climate Change Patterns of Wild Blueberry Fields in Downeast, Maine over the Past 40 Years

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Rafa Tasnim ◽  
Francis Drummond ◽  
Yong-Jiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Spatial Average ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wild Blueberry ◽  
Crop Health

Maine, USA is the largest producer of wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton), an important native North American fruit crop. Blueberry fields are mainly distributed in coastal glacial outwash plains which might not experience the same climate change patterns as the whole region. It is important to analyze the climate change patterns of wild blueberry fields and determine how they affect crop health so fields can be managed more efficiently under climate change. Trends in the maximum (Tmax), minimum (Tmin) and average (Tavg) temperatures, total precipitation (Ptotal), and potential evapotranspiration (PET) were evaluated for 26 wild blueberry fields in Downeast Maine during the growing season (May–September) over the past 40 years. The effects of these climate variables on the Maximum Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVImax) were evaluated using Remote Sensing products and Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. We found differences in the increase in growing season Tmax, Tmin, Tavg, and Ptotal between those fields and the overall spatial average for the region (state of Maine), as well as among the blueberry fields. The maximum, minimum, and average temperatures of the studied 26 wild blueberry fields in Downeast, Maine showed higher rates of increase than those of the entire region during the last 40 years. Fields closer to the coast showed higher rates of warming compared with the fields more distant from the coast. Consequently, PET has been also increasing in wild blueberry fields, with those at higher elevations showing lower increasing rates. Optimum climatic conditions (threshold values) during the growing season were explored based on observed significant quadratic relationships between the climate variables (Tmax and Ptotal), PET, and EVImax for those fields. An optimum Tmax and PET for EVImax at 22.4 °C and 145 mm/month suggest potential negative effects of further warming and increasing PET on crop health and productivity. These climate change patterns and associated physiological relationships, as well as threshold values, could provide important information for the planning and development of optimal management techniques for wild blueberry fields experiencing climate change.

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Production and Productivity: A Case Study of Maize Research and Development In Nepal

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janak Lal Nayava ◽  
Dil Bahadur Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Present Rate ◽  
Annual Maximum Temperature

The relation between climate and maize production in Nepal was studied for the period 1970/71-2007/08. Due to the topographical differences within north-south span of the country, Nepal has wide variety of climatic condition. About 70 to 90% of the rainfall occurs during summer monsoon (June to September) and the rest of the months are almost dry. Maize is cultivated from March to May depending on the rainfall distribution. Due to the availability of improved seeds, the maize yield has been steadily increasing after 1987/1988. The national area and yield of maize is estimated to be 870,166ha and 2159kg/ha respectively in 2007/08. The present rate of annual increase of temperature is 0.04°C in Nepal. Trends of temperature rise are not uniform throughout Nepal. An increase of annual temperature at Rampur during 1968-2008 was only 0.039°C. However, at Rampur during the maize growing seasons, March/April - May, the trend of annual maximum temperature had not been changed, but during the month of June and July, the trend of increase of maximum temperature was 0.03°C to 0.04°C /year.Key words: Climate-change; Global-warming; Hill; Mountain; Nepal; TaraiThe Journal of AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT Vol. 11, 2010Page: 59-69Uploaded Date: 15 September, 2010

LAND RECLAMATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) IN THE CONDITIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
M. I. LOSKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Water Pipelines ◽  
Group Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Supply ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The current state of agricultural land reclamation in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), its role in agricultural production of the republic, taking into account the impact of climate change on irrigation facilities, is considered. It has been established that at present in the sphere of public administration in the field of land reclamation in the republic there are estuary irrigation systems, drainage systems and agricultural water supply facilities, as well as group water pipelines for water supply of rural settlements and irrigation of agricultural land.

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