scholarly journals Poplar efficiency in shelterbelts at some localities in Vojvodina

2006 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Sara Lukic ◽  
Stevan Dozic
Keyword(s):  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Wind Erosion

The effect of poplar shelterbelts on the change of wind velocity has been studied. The measurements were performed by standard method at several points in front of the belt, behind and within the belt. Based on the study values, it can be concluded that poplar is efficient in reducing wind velocity, as the species for shelterbelts which are established for wind breaking. Their effect is significant at the distances up to 100 m behind the belt, which is significant when networks of shelterbelts are established to control wind erosion in the large deforested lowland areas which are mainly used for agricultural production. .

scholarly journals Potential threat of southern Moravia soils by wind erosion

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Dufková
Keyword(s):  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Soil Humidity ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Southern Moravia ◽  
Average Wind Velocity

Wind erosion is caused by meteorological factors such as wind, precipitation and evaporation that influence the soil humidity. Erosive-climatological factor expresses wind and humidity conditions of particular landscape. This is an index of the influence of average soil surface humidity and average wind velocity on average soil erodibility by wind. On the basis of average wind velocity and Konček’s humidity index, the values of the erosive-climatological factor for three chosen areas of Czech republic (Telč-Kostelní Myslová, Znojmo-Kuchařovice and Brno-Tuřany), where the pro-cesses of wind erosion could exist, were evaluated. Thus, the change of the factor’s value during the period of 1961 – 2000 was studied. The linear trend for the region of Brno and Znojmo (dry areas) shows increasing threat of soils by wind erosion, the contrary situation is at the humid area (Telč). The results prove the influence of soil humidity on the erosive-climatological factor and hereby the influence on wind erosion spreadout.

Experimental Studies on Wind Erosion Mechanism of Aeolian Soils Subgrade Slope for Desert Highway

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 2401-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Li ◽  
Yu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Erosion Depth ◽  
Erosion Mechanism ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics ◽  
Soil Microstructure ◽  
Shearing Strength ◽  
Windward Slope ◽  
Desert Highway

Wind erosion mechanism is studied through interior wind erosion wind tunnel experiment for desert highway. The anti-wind erosion ability of Aeolian soil subgrade slope is equivalent to the variation of microstructure characteristics and shearing strength of Aeolian soil. Microstructure characteristics will be quantified analysis through scanning electron microscope and image analysis software for subgrade slope, and microstructure parameters are picked-up for wind erosion fore-and-aft. Aeolian soil’s Shearing strength and wind erosion depth are investigated at different position of windward slope during a long-time wind-blown. Then, wind erosion mechanism of Aeolian soils subgrade slope is clarified from two aspects of micro and macro, wind erosion influence depth is determined for certain environmental condition. Taking desert highway subgrade as an example, the results indicate that: the disturbance to the flow field enhances with the increase of slope ratio and subgrade height, wind erosion of the windward slope is severe. The anti-wind erosion ability on windward slope is weak obvious with the decreasing of soil’s water containing, the increasing of wind velocity and the blow time prolong. Shearing strength of Aeorian soil is gradually decreased from slope surface to its interior, from bottom to top of windward slope. According to environmental condition local, when average wind velocity is 11m/s and natural water containing is 2%, wind erosion depth is about 15mm on the top of slope which is 1/11 of subgrade height, relative to 10mm on the mid of slope. The conclusions drawn from micro and macro are proved the wind erosion mechanism of Aeolian soils subgrade slope perfectly.

Simulating Efficiency of Resistance to Wind Erosion in Area of Complex Erosion by Wind and Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1807-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Long Wang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Xu Sun ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Yong Liang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Observation Point ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Artemisia Ordosica ◽  
Multiple Sensor ◽  
Better Than

Used the method of transplanting in studying area, simulated different arrangement of plant spacing and observed the wind speed by using HTSW-18 multiple-sensor automatic anemoscope. The results showed that two kinds of plants of different plant spacing can effectively reduce wind speed, the ration of reducing wind velocity of shelterbelts were biggest at the observation point of 1H behind the shelterbelt. The ration of reducing wind velocity and roughness of shelterbelt of Salix psammophila was better than that of Artemisia ordosica Krasch. under the same plant spacing. The increasing of Artemisia ordosica Krasch. was seventeen times higher than that of control at the observation point of 1H. The roughness of Salix psammophila at the observation point of 1H was twenty-five times higher than control, and that of Artemisia ordosica Krasch. was seventeen times higher than control.

scholarly journals The Effects of Spatial Configurations of Simulated Shrubs on Wind-proof Effectiveness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Pan ◽  
Zhenyi Wang ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
Zhengcai Zhang ◽  
Xiaohong Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Protection Effect ◽  
Surface Barriers ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Airflow Field

Maximizing the benefits of windbreaks requires a thorough understanding of the physical interaction between the wind and the barrier. In this experiment, a profiling set of Pitot tubes was used to measure the airflow field and wind velocity of simulated shrubs in a wind tunnel. The effects of form configurations and row spaces of simulated shrubs on wind-proof effectiveness were in-depth studied. We come to the following results: the weakening intensity of hemisphere-shaped and broom-shaped shrubs on wind velocity was mainly reflected below 2 cm in the root and 6-14 cm in the middle-upper, respectively, while the wind-proof effect of the spindle-shaped shrubs at the canopy (0.2-14 cm height) was the best. Besides, the simulated shrubs under 26.25 cm had the best protection effect on the wind velocity. Moreover, the designed windbreaks with Nitraria tangutorum, more effectively reduced the wind velocity among the windbreak compared to behind the windbreak. In the wind control system, the hemisphere-shaped windbreaks should be applied as near-surface barriers, and the windbreaks of broom-shaped and spindle-shaped can be used as a sheltered forest. The results could offer theoretical guidelines on how to arrange the windbreaks for preventing wind erosion in the most convenient and efficient ways.

ROLE OF AGRIBUSINESS STAFFING IN IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF LAND RESOURCES

10.12737/3799 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Гайнутдинов ◽  
Ilgizar Gaynutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The Republic

As we know, the level of organization and efficiency of agricultural production depends on provision of highly qualified specialists. Nowadays, we oversee a shortage of qualified personnel in the agribusiness of the Republic of Tatarstan. Increasing the agricultural products output, on the one hand, and lack of managerial staff in the agricultural enterprises, on the other hand, cause increasing the loading on industry experts, which drastically reduces their motivation to work and efficiency of industrial process control. All this leads to a decrease in efficiency of agricultural production. Studies show, that agribusiness personnel security system depends on their training and retraining in the higher educational institutions, on focused work of personnel services at various levels, on the level of wages, on satisfaction of specialists in social and economic conditions of labor, on output and load to one specialist. Agricultural enterprises do not use standard method for determining the needs of industry professionals. According to nominally - standard method in 2012, the plant industry needed in 1533 agronomists, but according to the information of personnel department of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic only 634 agronomists worked in the Republic, that was 41.3% of the estimated quantity. This has led to an expansion of the load on a single specialist, which reduced the efficiency of management, timely execution of processes for organizational reasons and low yields. The loss of crop production averaged in thе Republic was 648 863.600 rubles, that is equivalent to 119 276.3 tons of grain. The shortage of highly qualified personnel in rural areas, their low fixability, degradation qualitative and quantitative human capacity can be eliminated by the development and adoption at the federal and regional levels the targeted program of agribusiness staffing and develop guidelines and criteria for personnel policy. Social and economic activities, that promote security personnel include: material incentives increase, improvement of living conditions, the introduction of new forms of work organization, compliance labor intensity, professional and qualitative promotion of workers. The studies have shown that: an objective approach at making appointments to executive positions; use of personnel reserve; introduction of innovative technologies into the production; improvement of specialists remuneration systems; creation of a single automated system of personnel monitoring in agribusiness; improvement living conditions and higher wages of specialists - are the main measures, facilitating to consolidation of professionals in rural areas. All these measures will have maximum impact and benefit only in joint implementation by the owners of agricultural enterprises and government agribusiness agencies.

scholarly journals The Effects of Wind Erosion Depending on Cropping System and Tillage Method in a Semi-Arid Region

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caihong Yang ◽  
Yanxiang Geng ◽  
Xing Zhou Fu ◽  
Jeffrey A. Coulter ◽  
Qiang Chai
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Transport ◽  
Soil Wind Erosion ◽  
Semi Arid

Wind erosion is a major environmental problem in arid and semi-arid regions, where it has significant impacts on desertification and soil degradation. To understand the effects of cropping systems and tillage methods on the reduction of soil wind erosion, wind tunnel investigations were performed on soil samples from an irrigated field in an experiment conducted in semi-arid northwestern China in 2016–2018. Three cropping systems for annual spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/maize (Zea mays L.) strip intercropping (W/M), a two-year wheat-winter rape-maize rotation (WRM), and a two-year wheat-maize rotation (WM)) were each evaluated with two tillage methods (conventional tillage without wheat straw retention (CT) and no-tillage with 25–30 cm tall wheat straw (NT)). The mean rate of soil erosion by wind with NT was 18.9% to 36.2% less than that with CT. With increasing wind velocity, the rate of soil erosion by wind increased for both CT and NT but was faster with CT than NT. Soil wind erosion occurred with a wind velocity ≥14 m s−1, and NT greatly decreased the rate of soil erosion when wind velocity exceeded 14 m s−1. W/M, WRM, and WM with NT increased non-erodible aggregates by 53.7%, 53.7%, and 54.9% in 2017, and 51.3%, 49.6% and 44.6% in 2018, respectively, than conventional tillage. At a height of 0–20 cm, the rate of soil transport with CT decreased with increasing height. The volume of soil transport at a height of 0–4 cm and soil transport percentage at a height of 0–4 and 0–20 cm (Q0–4/Q0–20) with NT were less than with CT. These findings show that NT with cropping system intensification can be an effective strategy for resisting wind erosion in irrigated semi-arid regions, thereby reducing the negative environmental impacts of crop production.

Windbreak and Soil-Reinforcement Benefit Evaluation for Wind Erosion Area

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1738-1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Quan Liu ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Rui Ping Yin ◽  
Min Nao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Caragana Microphylla ◽  
Erosion Area ◽  
Artemisia Sphaerocephala

In order to research the mechanical mechanism of plants anti-erosion and provide some basis to screen windbreak and soil-reinforcement specie for wind and water complex erosion area. This research selected Caragana microphylla Lam, Salix psammophila C.wang et Ch.Y.Yang, Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch and Hippophae rhamnides Linn four kinds of soil and water conservation plants of Inner Mongolia Ordos as the research object. During the period of spring gale, thirteen indicators (single shrub reduce wind velocity ration, shelterbelt reduce wind velocity ration, community reduce wind velocity ration, taproots tensile strength, represented root constitutive properties, represented root elasticity modulus, lateral roots branch tensile strength, accumulation surface area, root-soil interface sheer strength, interface friction coefficient, length of accumulative root, root-soil composite cohesive, root-soil composite equivalent friction angle) of foliage windbreak and root mechanical properties were evaluated by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results showed the index of windbreak and soil-reinforcement were in the sequence of Salix psammophila C.wang et Ch.Y.Yang (0.84) > Caragana microphylla Lam (0.45) > Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch (-0.47) > Hippophae rhamnides Linn (-0.83). Therefore, Salix psammophila C.wang et Ch.Y.Yang could be regarded as the important anti-erosion specie for wind erosion area.

scholarly journals Influence of Soil Moisture and Crust Formation on Soil Evaporation Rate: A Wind Tunnel Experiment in Hungary

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Gábor Négyesi ◽  
Szilárd Szabó ◽  
Botond Buró ◽  
Safwan Mohammed ◽  
József Lóki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Wind Tunnel Experiment ◽  
Crust Formation ◽  
Four Levels

In both arid and semiarid regions, erosion by wind is a significant threat against sustainability of natural resources. The objective of this work was to investigate the direct impact of various soil moisture levels with soil texture and organic matter on soil crust formation and evaporation. Eighty soil samples with different texture (sand: 19, loamy sand: 21, sandy loam: 26, loam: 8, and silty loam: 6 samples) were collected from the Nyírség region (Eastern Hungary). A wind tunnel experiment was conducted on four simulated irrigation rates (0.5, l.0, 2.0, and 5.0 mm) and four levels of wind speeds (4.5, 7.8, 9.2, and 15.5 m s−1). Results showed that watering with a quantity equal to 5 mm rainfall, with the exception of sandy soils, provided about 5–6 h protection against wind erosion, even in case of a wind velocity as high as 15.5 m s−1. An exponential connection was revealed between wind velocities and the times of evaporation (R2 = 0.88–0.99). Notably, a two-way ANOVA test revealed that both wind velocity (p < 0.001) and soil texture (p < 0.01) had a significant effect on the rate of evaporation, but their interaction was not significant (p = 0.26). In terms of surface crusts, silty loamy soils resulted in harder and more solid crusts in comparison with other textures. In contrast, crust formation in sandy soils was almost negligible, increasing their susceptibility to wind erosion risk. These results can support local municipalities in the development of a local plan against wind erosion phenomena in agricultural areas.

Sediment flux, wind erosion and net erosion influenced by soil bed length, wind velocity and aggregate size distribution

Geoderma ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Kheirabadi ◽  
Majid Mahmoodabadi ◽  
Vahidreza Jalali ◽  
Hormozd Naghavi
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Sediment Flux ◽  
Aggregate Size Distribution
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