scholarly journals Flexibility of production systems and prepare-finish time

2006 ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Vukicevic
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Finish Time ◽  
Significant Element ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Eastern Japan

One of the specificities of the large-serial and mass production is the almost neglected percentage of prepare-finish time in the production cycle. In the conditions of today dominant discontinuous production, it becomes a significant element of the production cycle. The eastern (Japan) doctrine of increasing the flexibility of the production systems, is based inter alia also on the extreme reduction of the prepare-finish time. For this reason, the aim of this study was to identify the types and percentages of individual jobs within the group of prepare-finish jobs. The sample consisted of 3 (three) production systems for the production of joinery, with the discontinuous production system. The research shows that the percentage of time of the jobs installation of work instruments, regulation of processing regime, and removal of work instruments is extremely long and that it ranges between 11.83% and 18.93% of the shift time. The reasons of the high percentage of these jobs are the wide range of products and the absence of the rationalisation of prepare-finish jobs. Within the efforts to minimize the effects of disruption and to increase the flexibility of the production systems, the rationalisation of prepare-finish jobs is the unavoidable condition.

PRODUCTION SYSTEM-SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN FARMERS' DEMAND FOR GREATER YAM (DIOSCOREA ALATA) VARIETAL ATTRIBUTES IN ORISSA STATE, INDIA

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-482
Author(s):  
P. SETHURAMAN SIVAKUMAR ◽  
M. NEDUNCHEZHIYAN ◽  
S. PARAMAGURU ◽  
R. C. RAY
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Dioscorea Alata ◽  
Subsistence Farmers ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Greater Yam

SUMMARYGreater yam (Dioscorea alata), a popular crop in India, is cultivated widely in Orissa state, India. In spite of the availability of several improved varieties, farmers preferred the local landraces. An investigation was carried out to identify whether the varietal preferences of yam farmers in two production systems, subsistence and commercial, were different. While the subsistence farmers demanded the yam varieties adaptable to a wide range of soils, the commercial farmers preferred the anthracnose-resistant cultivars. This study demonstrated that the farmers' varietal preferences were highly influenced by the production systems. Identifying the convergence/divergence of varietal preferences across production systems can help breeders to develop the high impact varieties.

Seru Production System

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-138
Author(s):  
Emre Bilgin Sarı ◽  
Sabri Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Job Shop ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Opportunity To Respond ◽  
Manufacturing Management ◽  
The Impact

Seru production system is a flexible, cost-effective, workforce competence-oriented manufacturing management system that provides the opportunity to respond quickly to customer demand. As in parallel to technology and physical improvements, customer demands are also effective for development of production systems. The impact of change in demand has been seen on changeover from job shop to mass production, flexible, and lean manufacturing systems. Seru production system is more appropriate for targeting work both cost-effectively like mass production and maximum diversification like job shop production. This chapter clarifies the Seru production system and explain its use and benefits in the clothing industry. In the application, a shirt production is illustrated according to the principles of mass production, lean production, and Seru production. Thus, different types of production systems have been benchmarked. There will be potential study areas for proving the efficiency of Seru soon.

scholarly journals Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor): Potential and Challenges to Promote Circular Economy

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2568
Author(s):  
Roberta Moruzzo ◽  
Francesco Riccioli ◽  
Salomon Espinosa Diaz ◽  
Chiara Secci ◽  
Giulio Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
By Products

Over the last few years, the concept of Circular Economy (CE) has received a lot of attention due to its potential contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially by reconciling economic growth with the protection of the environment through its grow-make-use-restore approach. The use of insects in circular production systems has been a good example of this concept as insects can transform a wide range of organic waste and by-products into nutritious feedstuffs, which then go back into the production cycle. This paper explores the potential of mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) in circular production systems by reviewing their use and applicability in several industries such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food, etc. Despite the high versatility of this insect and its potential as a substitute source of nutrients and other valuable components, there are still many legislative and behavioural challenges that hinder its adoption and acceptance.

Machine Tool Service for Mass-Production Machining Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-513
Author(s):  
Makoto Fujishima ◽  
◽  
Takashi Hoshi ◽  
Hiroki Nakahira ◽  
Masafumi Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Production System ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
In Series ◽  
Tool Service ◽  
Large Production

Mass-production machining systems that are comprised of machine tools are often configured in series by dividing the machining processes in order to manage the large production volume. This indicates that if one of the machines stops owing to a mechanical malfunction, the entire production line needs to be stopped. Thus, machine tools in mass-production systems are required to be highly reliable and easy to maintain. Predictive maintenance, which enables operators to detect any signs of failure in the machine tool components, needs to be performed for the machines as well. In this work, various approaches for the improvement of the maintainability of machine tools used in a mass-production system are reported.

scholarly journals Determination of economic stocking rates for beef cattle grazing stargrass under two fertilizer levels

1969 ◽  
Vol 76 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 131-150
Author(s):  
Mariano Antoni ◽  
Rafael Ramos ◽  
Américo Casas ◽  
Eugenio Marrero
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Stocking Rates

Two meat production systems based on cattle grazing stargrass pastures under two fertilization levels were evaluated to determine which production system, stocking rate level, and selling time could be better used under different price scenarios to achieve maximum economic returns. Based on the findings of R. J. Jones and R. S. Sandland and other authors, it was assumed that the relationship between stocking rate and animal weight gain can be best represented by a simple linear model of the form y = a -bx over a wide range of stocking rates. To determine the equation parameters each system was grazed at three stocking rates and the straight line equation fitted at different periods. The price scenario prevailing at the conclusion of the study favored the utilization of the low fertilization system with a stocking rate close to 3.8 animals per hectare and selling the animals after 10 to 11 grazing months. This stocking rate should be lowered to 3.6 animals per hectare if a minimum finishing weight of 454 kg is required because of a 5% price discount for lighter animals. However, improvement on the price spread between animal purchase and selling price, or relatively sharp increase in meat price in relation to the fertilizer price could justify the utilization of the more capital intensive high fertilizer system. The selection of a particular production system and stocking rate should not be made independently of the current price levels since the latter will ultimately determine the success and failure of the system.

Endogenous hormone and metabolite concentrations in different breeds of beef steer on two systems of production

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Beeby ◽  
W. Haresign ◽  
H. Swan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Beef Steer

ABSTRACTThe experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of sire breed and production system on serum GH, insulin, prolactin, glucose and blood urea nitrogen concentrations in growing beef cattle. A total of 187 steers, representing a wide range of maturity types, was reared to slaughter on either the 16-month or 24-month production systems in experiment 1, and blood samples for hormone and metabolite determinations were collected at 3-monthly intervals. Experiment 2 compared only the extremes of maturity type, with four early- and four late-maturing animals on each production system. Blood samples from these animals were collected hourly for 10 h on 2 or more consecutive days at six different time periods during the growth of the animals.Although significant between-breed differences in hormone concentrations were observed in experiment 1, there were no significant correlations between growth rate and circulating hormone concentrations. These results were largely borne out by the more detailed blood sampling used in experiment 2.Differences did occur in live-weight gain, GH and insulin concentrations between production systems, although these were largely determined by the induced changes resulting from the imposition of a store period on the animals produced through the 24-month production system.These results indicate that between-breed differences in growth rate cannot be accounted for by differences in circulating GH, insulin and prolactin concentrations. Rather, it appears that the hormones are primarily used to enable the animal to adjust its metabolism to changes in nutrient supply.

scholarly journals CONNECTING A VIRTUAL PRODUCTION AND A PLC

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 4452-4462
Author(s):  
JAN KUBR ◽  
◽  
KONSTANTIN NOVIKOV ◽  
PETR HOREJSI ◽  
JANA KLEINOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Final State ◽  
Virtual Production ◽  
Virtual Instruction ◽  
Important Input

This article deals with the implementation of virtual manuals for mass production workplaces in the automotive industry. The aim is to conduct a pilot study as a source for future research and the possibility of connecting virtual instruction manuals to production systems. A system was designed that uses its own software solution for creating instructions, which was connected to a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) in a manufacturing company. The whole system is connected to the company’s production cycle. This solution has been validated. Three months after the introduction of the innovation, it can be stated that during the application of the system, the scrap rate was reduced from an initial 12 pieces to a final state of 3 pieces, and the length of time for training newly arrived operators was shortened. The analysis focused mainly on the evaluation of scrap, the aspect of time in this case did not need to be stated due to the high workplace cycle. The proposed solution thus contributed to the streamlining and modernization of production and will be an important input for the creation of a general IoT methodology.

scholarly journals Soil Bacterial Community Diversity and Composition as Affected by Tillage Intensity Treatments in Corn-Soybean Production Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Shankar G. Shanmugam ◽  
Normie W. Buehring ◽  
Jon D. Prevost ◽  
William L. Kingery
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Production System ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Our understanding on the effects of tillage intensity on the soil microbial community structure and composition in crop production systems are limited. This study evaluated the soil microbial community composition and diversity under different tillage management systems in an effort to identify management practices that effectively support sustainable agriculture. We report results from a three-year study to determine the effects on changes in soil microbial diversity and composition from four tillage intensity treatments and two residue management treatments in a corn-soybean production system using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Soil samples were collected from tillage treatments at locations in the Southern Coastal Plain (Verona, Mississippi, USA) and Southern Mississippi River Alluvium (Stoneville, Mississippi, USA) for soil analysis and bacterial community characterization. Our results indicated that different tillage intensity treatments differentially changed the relative abundances of bacterial phyla. The Mantel test of correlations indicated that differences among bacterial community composition were significantly influenced by tillage regime (rM = 0.39, p ≤ 0.0001). Simpson’s reciprocal diversity index indicated greater bacterial diversity with reduction in tillage intensity for each year and study location. For both study sites, differences in tillage intensity had significant influence on the abundance of Proteobacteria. The shift in the soil bacterial community composition under different tillage systems was strongly correlated to changes in labile carbon pool in the system and how it affected the microbial metabolism. This study indicates that soil management through tillage intensity regime had a profound influence on diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities in a corn-soybean production system.

scholarly journals 142 Reproductive performance of land race hair sheep ewes in different breeding seasons under a semi-continuous production

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 76-76
Author(s):  
Stephan Wildeus ◽  
Dahlia O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Production System ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Lamb Survival

Abstract A system for semi-continuous lamb production was evaluated using Barbados Blackbelly and St. Croix hair sheep ewes under 8-mo accelerated mating. Ewes were managed in a forage-based production system using rotational grazing. Two flocks of ewes (n = 30–35), equally representing the breeds, were bred 4 mo apart. Ewes were synchronized by feeding melengestrol acetate for 10 d, and mated in two single sire groups to like breed sires in November (NOV), March (MAR), and July (JUL) in a 25-d mating period. Pregnancy was recorded by transrectal ultrasound 22 d after breeding. Ewes were supplemented with corn/soybean meal during late gestation (0.75% of BW) and during lactation (1.5% of BW). They lambed on pasture with limited supervision, and lambs were weaned at 2 mo of age. Lambs had access to the supplement provided to ewes. Ewe performance (pregnancy rate, litter size, lamb survival, and birth and weaning weight) was recorded during a 2 yr production cycle, and analyzed for the effect of mating season. Pregnancy rate was not statistically different (P > 0.1) between season, and ranged from 93.9% in NOV, to 85.9 and 86.6% in MAR and JUL. Litter size (lambs born/ewe lambing) was higher (P < 0.05) in NOV (2.09) than MAR (1.68) and JUL (1.82). Lamb survival at birth was reduced (P < 0.001) in JUL (86.5%) compared to NOV (99%) and MAR (100 %), but was not different between seasons for survival to weaning (86 to 90%). Lamb birth weights were higher (P < 0.05) in MAR (3.16 kg) than JUL (2.99 kg), with NOV (3.05 kg) intermediate, while lamb weaning weights were higher (P < 0.001) in NOV (13.6 kg) compared with MAR (11.9 kg) and JUL (11.4 kg) mating. Data suggest that dual flock, accelerated mating of landrace hair sheep ewes can produce lamb cohorts of similar size in 4 mo intervals under a low-input, forage-based production system.

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