scholarly journals Thermodynamic model of the protector cooling system with applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Nikola Dankovic ◽  
Darko Mitic ◽  
Marko Milojkovic ◽  
Stanko Stankov ◽  
Miroslav Milovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Contraction Coefficient ◽  
Starting Point

This paper presents thermodynamic model of the system for rubber strip (protector) cooling. This model is used for determining the number of cooling system cascades, and rubber contraction coefficient, important parameters in mechanical model of the system which is the starting point of designing control system for rubber strip cooling. The correlation between the working velocity and rubber strip dimension, as well as the relation for the cooling water flow per cascade is also given.

Research and Application of Dynamic Secondary Cooling Control System for a Continuous Steel Billet Caster

2012 ◽  
Vol 572 ◽  
pp. 404-409
Author(s):  
Zun Peng ◽  
Wen Hao Hu ◽  
Yan Ping Bao ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Li Qiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Continuous Casting Machine ◽  
Casting Machine ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Secondary Cooling ◽  
Billet Temperature ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Billet Caster

A two-dimensional heat-transfer model for transient simulation of a billets caster is presented. Its accuracy is verified through measured billet temperature and shell thickness. Billets temperature and solidification are computed by this model as a function of time varying casting speed, secondary cooling water flow rates and temperature, billet cross section, steel grade, and pouring and ambient temperatures. A control methodology and algorithm suitable for online control of 5 strands billet continuous casting machine is integrated in this model. The ability of this model to control the surface temperature profile is demonstrated through dynamic and precise adjustment of secondary cooling water flow rates. This secondary cooling system has been applied to a billet caster in Hangzhou Steel Corporation.

Fuzzy Control for Variable Cooling Water Flow System

2012 ◽  
Vol 461 ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Frequency Conversion ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Water System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Variable Flow ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
Cooling Water System ◽  
And Control

The variable flow cooling water system can achieve energy saving benefits just like variable primary flow chilled water system for central air conditioning system. How to design the control system with appropriate control algorithms and control strategies is particularly important. We can clarify the basic control principle of variable cooling water flow technology based on the analysis on DOF (degree of freedom) of cooling water systems, it is important for control system design. The article pointed out explicitly that the realization of variable flow technology for cooling water system must construct two control loops, one for cooling water supply temperature the other for return temperature, further more discussed control strategies for two control loops. In the end the article illustrated the synchronous frequency conversion technology for multiple cooling water pumps system to avoid overload when part of pumps put in operation

scholarly journals Design of Energy Saving Controllers for Central Cooling Water Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Chang-Min Lee ◽  
Tae-Youl Jeon ◽  
Byung-Gun Jung ◽  
Young-Chan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Optimizing Control ◽  
Feed Forward Controller

Since fuel prices account for approximately 40% of a ship’s operating costs, shipping companies worldwide have made significant efforts to save energy on board such as introducing new technologies or machine operation methods. Many ship operators have adopted an advanced control system using a variable-speed pump and/or an optimizing control system of a three-way valve on the outlet side of the central cooling system. It is often considered that the best way to control a central cooling system is to integrate the two control systems. However, when applied in practice, there is a frequent uncontrollable phenomenon in which the three-way valve is opened to its minimum and the variable-speed seawater pump is operated at its maximum, resulting in a large amount of energy consumption. Therefore, in this study, the speed of the variable-speed seawater pump is set to the minimum, and the feed-forward controller is adopted for the three-way valve control system. The input variable of the feed-forward controller is the Main Engine load, and it is designed to directly control the bypass openness with the three-way valve controller. Using this design, it was demonstrated that the variable-speed seawater pump was operated at a minimum and energy was saved.

Assessment of thermal behavior of a cooling system to reduce thermal fatigue cracks in aluminum injection molds

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Sergio Antonio Camargo ◽  
Lauro Correa Romeiro ◽  
Carlos Alberto Mendes Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Fatigue ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Thermal Gradients ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Thermal Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Number Of Cycles

The present article aimed to test changes in cooling water temperatures of males, present in aluminum injection molds, to reduce failures due to thermal fatigue. In order to carry out this work, cooling systems were studied, including their geometries, thermal gradients and the expected theoretical durability in relation to fatigue failure. The cooling system tests were developed with the aid of simulations in the ANSYS software and with fatigue calculations, using the method of Goodman. The study of the cooling system included its geometries, flow and temperature of this fluid. The results pointed to a significant increase in fatigue life of the mold component for the thermal conditions that were proposed, with a significant increase in the number of cycles, to happen failures due to thermal fatigue.

Hydraulic model of a water cooling system in a chemical plant

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 788-806
Author(s):  
Miloslav Hošťálek ◽  
Jiří Výborný ◽  
František Madron
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Graph Algorithm ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Controlled Flow

Steady state hydraulic calculation has been described of an extensive pipeline network based on a new graph algorithm for setting up and decomposition of balance equations of the model. The parameters of the model are characteristics of individual sections of the network (pumps, pipes, and heat exchangers with armatures). In case of sections with controlled flow rate (variable characteristic), or sections with measured flow rate, the flow rates are direct inputs. The interactions of the network with the surroundings are accounted for by appropriate sources and sinks of individual nodes. The result of the calculation is the knowledge of all flow rates and pressure losses in the network. Automatic generation of the model equations utilizes an efficient (vector) fixing of the network topology and predominantly logical, not numerical operations based on the graph theory. The calculation proper utilizes a modification of the model by the method of linearization of characteristics, while the properties of the modified set of equations permit further decrease of the requirements on the computer. The described approach is suitable for the solution of practical problems even on lower category personal computers. The calculations are illustrated on an example of a simple network with uncontrolled and controlled flow rates of cooling water while one of the sections of the network is also a gravitational return flow of the cooling water.

Effect of Heat Sink Structure Improvement on Heat Dissipation Performance in High Heat Flux

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Cui
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
High Heat Flux ◽  
Pin Fin ◽  
Pin Fins ◽  
Pin Fin Arrays

This paper presents the effects of heat dissipation performance of pin fins with different heat sink structures. The heat dissipation performance of two types of pin fin arrays heat sink are compared through measuring their heat resistance and the average Nusselt number in different cooling water flow. The temperature of cpu chip is monitored to determine the temperature is in the normal range of working temperature. The cooling water flow is in the range of 0.02L/s to 0.15L/s. It’s found that the increase of pin fins in the corner region effectively reduce the temperature of heat sink and cpu chip. The new type of pin fin arrays increase convection heat transfer coefficient and reduce heat resistance of heat sink.

A network thermodynamic model of salt and water flow across the kidney proximal tubule

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (6) ◽  
pp. F638-F648 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Thomas ◽  
D. C. Mikulecky
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Circuit Simulation ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Kidney Proximal Tubule ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Pump Rate ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
The Given

This network thermodynamic model of kidney proximal tubule epithelium treats coupled salt and water flow across each component membrane of the epithelium. We investigate the effects of various relative internal parameter values on the concentration of transepithelial flow, the concentrations in the cell and interspace, and the distribution of flows between cellular and paracellular routes. Best fit is obtaine if the apical and basolateral membrane reflection coefficients (or) are equal. The measured transepithelial filtration coefficient, Lp, is a function not only of the component Lps but also of the internal concentrations, or's, and permeabilities. For the given system topology (i.e., connectedness), parameters of component membranes must be within a narrow range to be consistent with experimental results. The dependence of the concentration of transported fluid on the balance between the solute pump rate and the transepithelial volume flow driving force is shown. This has implications for the effects of peritubular or lumen oncotic pressure on salt and water flow. With Appendix B of this paper and a user's guide for a circuit-simulation package (e.g., SPICE or PCAP) the reader can perform similar network analyses of transport models himself.

Computer Simulation of an Engine Environmental Control System

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 355-358
Author(s):  
Dong Du
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Temperature Decrease ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Passenger Aircraft

This paper describes the use of Fluid Flow Simulation Software to model a passenger aircraft engine environmental control system. The analysis simulates the cooling pack and the engine distribution system in a single model.The engine environmental system is very important for engine working efficiently. Using AMEsim software to simulate the cooling system can make it easily and clearly. The influence of the heat component and the fan operating is studied also. Through the analysis of the cooling system, we know that with the help of fan, the system can get additional air in the radiator and make the temperature decrease consequently.

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