scholarly journals Arcitecture - inclusive culture: Protection of persons with disabilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Dragana Vasiljevic-Tomic ◽  
Radojko Obradovic
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
International Conventions

The paper has analyzed the contemporary standards that all democracies have embraced. A special emphasis has been placed on international conventions and rules, as well as the laws to protect the rights of all members of a modern social community. It is its duty to look after all its members and eliminate any form of discrimination, and even a threat of it. The European Concept for Accessibility promotes a new social model, designed to change entirely the attitude to the handicapped. The Concept offers a completely new approach, viewing the community as a whole. This integrated approach stretches to the needs of the community and the needs of each and every member of it, making no difference between individual groups within the population. Instead, it creates the environment to satisfy the needs of each individual member and, by extension, the community at large. The role of architecture is to recognize the needs of a community and take the lead in reshaping the standards to create a new environment accessible to all its members. This will give architecture a fundamental dimension, and make it the integrative factor to blend the community together.

A Study on Multi-Data Source Fusion Method for Petroleum Pipeline Leak Detection

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liang ◽  
Laibin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Fusion Method ◽  
Challenging Problem ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Data Source

This paper describes a new approach of data source fusion based on process fusion entropy for leak detecting of product pipelines. Data sources are either single-channeled or multi-channeled: single-channeled data sources can be structured or semi-structured process steady entropy, whereas multi-channeled sources are singular spectrum entropy and power spectrum entropy. In order to develop data sources fusion systems for pipeline leak detection in real-time contexts, we need to study all issues raised by the matching paradigms. This challenging problem becomes crucial with the dominating role of the internet. Classical approaches of data integration, based on schemas mediation, are not suitable to the pipeline SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) environment where data is frequently modified or updated. Therefore, we develop a loosely integrated approach that takes into consideration both steady and transient states which must be separated correctly in order to integrate new data sources. Moreover, we introduce a process fusion entropy-based Multi-data source Fusion Method (MFM) that aims to define and retrieve conflicting data from multiple data sources.

scholarly journals An Institutionalist Explanation of the Evolution of Taiwan's Disability Movement: From the Charity Model to the Social Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-lun Tsai ◽  
Ming-sho Ho
Keyword(s):  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Mentally Disabled ◽  
The Social ◽  
Formal And Informal Institutions ◽  
Disability Movement

In this article, we analyze the process of institutional change in Taiwan's disability field by focusing on the role of social movements. An institutional perspective emphasizes how a particular logic in an organizational field generates formal and informal institutions that define how persons with disabilities are treated in a society. Before the 1990s, the charity model was dominant, and later it came to be challenged by the disability movement, which advocated for the social model. We argue that the transition to a social model was a major achievement by disability organizations, which successfully combined the dual roles of advocate and service provider. By making strategic use of welfare privatization in the 1990s, they were able to mobilize a series of lobbying campaigns. Their efforts culminated in the passing of the Physically and Mentally Disabled Citizens Protection Act in 1997, which marked the beginning of the social model in Taiwan.

scholarly journals From horizontal to vertical labour governance: The International Labour Organization (ILO) and decent work in global supply chains

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huw Thomas ◽  
Peter Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Employment Relationships ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Conventions

The role of the International Labour Organization (ILO) in the governance of global supply chains is typically neglected or simply dismissed as ineffective. This is understandable as global supply chains have undermined the traditional nation state (horizontal) paradigm of global labour governance, most notably the international Conventions agreed by the tripartite constituents (governments, employers and workers’ representatives) of the ILO. But this simply poses the question of whether, and if so how, the ILO can reframe the system of global labour governance to include the (vertical) global supply chains that all too often fail to deliver ‘decent work for all’. Based on an extended ethnographic study, we demonstrate how policy entrepreneurs (international civil servants) within the ILO can play a pivotal role in not only reframing the discourse in a way that resonates with the ‘lived experiences’ of constituents but also ‘orchestrate’ the social partners in order to secure majority support for a process that might ultimately lead to a new standard (Convention) for decent work in global supply chains. A new approach to employment relationships in global supply chains is ‘in the making’, with the potential to improve working conditions and rights at work for millions across the globe.

scholarly journals Social Model: A New Approach of the Disability Theme

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Neves da Silva Bampi ◽  
Dirce Guilhem ◽  
Elioenai Dornelles Alves
Keyword(s):  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Medical Model Of Disability ◽  
Points Of View

The experience of disability is part of the daily lives of people who have a disease, lesion or corporal limitation. Disability is still understood as personal bad luck; moreover, from the social and political points of view, the disabled are seen as a minority. The aim of this study is to contribute to the knowledge about the experience of disability. The research presents a new approach on the theme: the social model. This approach appeared as an alternative to the medical model of disability, which sees the lesion as the primary cause of social inequality and of the disadvantages experienced by the disabled, ignoring the role of social structures in their oppression and marginalization. The study permits reflecting on how the difficulties and barriers society imposed on people considered different make disability a reality and portray social injustice and the vulnerability situation lived by excluded groups.

METAMORPHOSES OF THE POSTMODERN DISCOURSEAND CURRENT CHALLENGES NEOMODERNISM

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.V. IRKHIN
Keyword(s):  
World Politics ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Postmodern Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Conservative Values

The article analyzes the problems, achievements and contradictions in the genesis of the contemporary postmodern discourse. The author has carried out complex research, systematized and showed the main features and differences of postmodernism and metamodernism, as well as the role of neoliberal values in their development. The author has considered a new approach to the study of society and politics: neomodernist discourse with the dominant conservative values, opposing postmodern theory, methodology and practice he has identified the features of neomodernism: historicism, patriotism and healthy nationalism, populism, transactionalismn and realism in the world politics.

Monitoring the marine environment for small round structured viruses (SRSVS): a new approach to combating the transmission of these viruses by molluscan shellfish

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Henshilwood ◽  
J. Green ◽  
D. N. Lees
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Virus ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Human Enteric Virus ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Public Health Protection

This study investigates human enteric virus contamination of a shellfish harvesting area. Samples were analysed over a 14-month period for Small Round Structured Viruses (SRSVs) using a previously developed nested RT-PCR. A clear seasonal difference was observed with the largest numbers of positive samples obtained during the winter period (October to March). This data concurs with the known winter association of gastroenteric illness due to oyster consumption in the UK and also with the majority of the outbreaks associated with shellfish harvested from this area during the study period. RT-PCR positive amplicons were further characterised by cloning and sequencing. Sequence analysis of the positive samples identified eleven SRSV strains, of both Genogroup I and Genogroup II, occurring throughout the study period. Many shellfish samples contained a mixture of strains with a few samples containing up to three different strains with both Genogroups represented. The observed common occurrence of strain mixtures may have implications for the role of shellfish as a vector for dissemination of SRSV strains. These results show that nested RT-PCR can identify SRSV contamination in shellfish harvesting areas. Virus monitoring of shellfish harvesting areas by specialist laboratories using RT-PCR is a possible approach to combating the transmission of SRSVs by molluscan shellfish and could potentially offer significantly enhanced levels of public health protection.

Lattice Thermal Conductivity Modelling of a Diatomic Nanoscale Material

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 602-609
Author(s):  
Adil H. Awad
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Lattice Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Phonon Scattering ◽  
Correction Term ◽  
Nanoscale Material ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Conductivity Modelling ◽  
Callaway Model

Introduction: A new approach for expressing the lattice thermal conductivity of diatomic nanoscale materials is developed. Methods: The lattice thermal conductivity of two samples of GaAs nanobeam at 4-100K is calculated on the basis of monatomic dispersion relation. Phonons are scattered by nanobeam boundaries, point defects and other phonons via normal and Umklapp processes. Methods: A comparative study of the results of the present analysis and those obtained using Callaway formula is performed. We clearly demonstrate the importance of the utilised scattering mechanisms in lattice thermal conductivity by addressing the separate role of the phonon scattering relaxation rate. The formulas derived from the correction term are also presented, and their difference from Callaway model is evident. Furthermore their percentage contribution is sufficiently small to be neglected in calculating lattice thermal conductivity. Conclusion: Our model is successfully used to correlate the predicted lattice thermal conductivity with that of the experimental observation.

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