scholarly journals The competitiveness of Slovak foreign trade in the European market

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (196) ◽  
pp. 7-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viera Pavlicková
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
European Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Constant Market Share Analysis ◽  
Constant Market Share

The paper deals with the competitiveness of the Slovak Republic in its ability to succeed in foreign markets. It provides a complex view of Slovak foreign trade within the European Union using a sectoral classification of products. Several appropriate methods (Constant Market Share Analysis, Revealed Comparative Advantage, Michaely Index, and unit export and import values) are applied to quantify the competitiveness of Slovak foreign trade and to identify the level and trend of its specialisation. The analysis uses the data provided by the Eurostat Comext database for the period 1999-2011. The results confirmed Slovakia as a former transition country to be a fast developing open economy. Its production is competitive in the European market, although mainly with prices. Labour- and capital-intensive commodities, along with the automotive industry, dominate Slovak foreign trade. Technology- and R&D-driven goods have a comparative disadvantage as a consequence of several factors, such as lack of innovation and creativity in the business sphere. A shift towards export of more sophisticated products would be beneficial in supporting long-term sustainable development; however, no significant change in Slovak commodity structure has occurred over the past years.

Trade and Structural Change Over Two Centuries

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-190
Author(s):  
Giovanni Federico ◽  
Antonio Tena-Junguito
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Trade Costs ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Constant Market Share Analysis ◽  
Constant Market Share ◽  
Time Invariant

This chapter examines the causal relationship between world trade and structural transformation from 1800 to the present. It first provides an overview of the growth of world trade since 1800 before discussing the link between openness and globalization, with a focus on long-term changes in export/GDP ratios at current prices for different time-invariant samples of countries. It then considers the effect of structural transformation on world openness based on a constant market share analysis. It shows that the current level of globalization is unprecedented and that the rise in openness—and thus the potential for trade-fostered economic growth—took place primarily in 1830–1870 and in 1972–2007. The chapter also finds that the movements in openness were largely driven by the residual changes in trade costs and, in more recent times, the development of international supply chains.

scholarly journals Long-term retrospective trends in the EU foreign trade development with the UK, USA and China

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-43
Author(s):  
L. L. Razumnova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Foreign Trade Turnover ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Changing Role

Based on the latest data, the article examines the quantitative indicators of foreign trade in goods of the European Union (EU27) over the past 15 years with states that are not part of this economic grouping. Trends in the structure and dynamics of foreign trade turnover are revealed, including those determined by changing role of Great Britain and the United States in connection with Britain's secession from the Union (Brexit) in January 2020. In particular, there is a convergence in the growth rates of the studied countries group and an increase in its share in EU imports while reducing the share in merchandise exports. The quantitative trends of changes in the trade balance and commodity structure are analyzed. The author identifies the most significant factors determining the development of EU commodity exchange, comprising the role of US oil exports and anti-Russian sanctions. Some promising areas of research on this issue are determined with consideration of the results obtained by Russian and foreign scientists, such as competitiveness and the formation of the global value chains.

scholarly journals Criteria for Abnormality Evaluation of Selected Weather Parameters in the Slovak Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Martin Danilovič ◽  
Helena Hlavatá ◽  
Božena Šoltysová
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Weather Parameters

Abstract The paper describes the procedure of calculation and assessment of deviations of the average air temperature from the normal (in relation to the normal 1961‒1990) or long-term average and the percentage of normal precipitation or long-term sum of precipitation, valid for the Slovak Republic. Three evaluation tables clearly indicate both threshold limit values, which facilitate the classification of the calculated indices for air temperature and precipitation. Criteria presented in this work are fully applicable for weather conditions evaluation during the growing season of cultivated plants in the Slovak Republic.

scholarly journals Indebtedness and mercantilism

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Guichard
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
The Other ◽  
Closed Economy ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

In a closed economy, the growth of the GDP is equal to the net indebtedness (the increase of indebtedness) of it agents from one period to another, which allows current demand to be greater than the income of the preceding quarter. In an open economy, we must add to that the net indebtedness of the totality of foreign agents in operation: the currencies corresponding to the foreign trade balance. Depending on the sign of these two kinds of net indebtedness, positive or negative, a classification of countries can be made: mainly mercantilist countries that enjoy a foreign surplus, on the one hand, and 'Keynesian' countries running a deficit, whose growth is founded upon domestic demand, on the other hand.

scholarly journals The impact of the Chinese exchange policy on foreign trade with the European Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 870-893
Author(s):  
ANA CARDOSO ◽  
ANTÓNIO PORTUGAL DUARTE
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Vec Model ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Exchange Policy ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of the Chinese foreign exchange policy on foreign trade with the European Union. After describing the importance of the exchange rate in an open economy and some of the methodologies employed to calculate its equilibrium value, we examine whether the Chinese competitiveness is due to the existence of misalignment (undervaluation) of its exchange rate, or rather, to other sources of competitiveness. For this purpose, we use a Vector Error Correction (VEC) model to estimate a long-run exports equation. The empirical results indicate that over the past few years, Chinese exports have benefited from an “unfair” competitive advantage resulting from the manipulation of its currency value.

scholarly journals ОЦІНКА РОЗВИТКУ ОРГАНІЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ВЕДЕННЯ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Бурляй А. П. ◽  
Бурляй О. Л. ◽  
Непочатенко О. А. ◽  
Нестерчук Я. А. ◽  
Cвітовий О. М.
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
European Market ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Quality Of Food

Safety and quality of food is an important problem in many countries today, and environmental safety of agricultural products becomes one of the main factors of its competitiveness on domestic and foreign markets. Organic agriculture provides balanced state of the ecosystem that is the key to sustainable economic and social development of society. Development of the organic products market in Ukraine is essential for the formation of organic products supply on the European Union market. The purpose of the article is to determine the place of Ukraine in the formation of supply of the European market organic products. In the world, organic production began to emerge in the 20s of the twentieth century.Ukraine has significant natural and economic potential, which in perspective will become one of the most important subjects that will form the supply on this market. The purpose of the article is to determine the place of Ukraine in the formation of supply of the European market organic products.

Strategy for Internationalization of the Spanish Economy and Foreign Trade in Agri-Food Products

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
A.M. Anikina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Spanish Economy ◽  
Foreign Markets

Spain is member of the European Union, one of the main countries – major producers and exporters of agricultural products. The article raises the positive dynamics of increasing the export of agricultural products, as well as the strategy for promoting these products on foreign markets. The article presents data on the main agricultural products produced in the country.

scholarly journals Analysis of Competitiveness and Threshold Price Transmission of Indonesian Coffee in Importing Countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Sulistyo Hadi ◽  
Dedi Budiman Hakim ◽  
Tanti Novianti
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Value ◽  
The United States ◽  
Price Transmission ◽  
Commodity Export ◽  
Threshold Price ◽  
Constant Market Share Analysis ◽  
Constant Market Share ◽  
Business Competitiveness ◽  
Cointegration Relationship

Coffee is a leading commodity export in Indonesia and contributes greatly to the national coffee exports. Indonesia is the world's fourth largest exporter. The objectives of this study are investigating business competitiveness of Indonesian coffee compared to the other of coffee exporting countries and threshold price transmission in importing countries uses Constant Market Share Analysis (CMSA) and ECM models , and threshold cointegration . The results concluded that the most influencing business competitiveness was the effect of market distribution, threshold price transmission of Indonesian coffee in importing markets, the United States amounting to 0.9, Germany at -0.6, Japan at 0.5, Italy at 0.2, and Malaysia at -0.4. This means that when the coffee price of deviation in importing countries and Indonesia in its long-term balance exceeds its threshold value, coffee prices in importers countries will adjust to achieve their balance so that both coffee prices are in the Indonesian market and the markets of countries importers have a cointegration relationship.

scholarly journals Strukturne karakteristike robne razmene Srbije i Evropske unije

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (166) ◽  
pp. 109-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Product Structure ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Total Product ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
General Opinion

The intensity of foreign trade deficit and the dynamics of its growth from 2000 to 2004 suggest the need to give a special attention to the problem of competitiveness. It is a general opinion of professional public that the long-term competitiveness of a state and business cannot be generated from the current economic structure and, therefore, the structure of product export. Therefore, the solution to the problem is to be sought in restructuring the economy and the export offer, and adjusting it so that it meets the demand of the most important foreign trade partners. First of all there is the need to converge the product structure of export with the structure of foreign import, that is, the needs of the European Union. This is a consequence of the fact that this particular group of countries represents the most important destination of Serbian export, that is, that a little more than the half of the total product export is intended for these countries. This is exactly why it is necessary to establish a diagnosis of the degree of structural adequacy in terms of Serbia?s export to the European Union, and to provide a set of useful suggestions about how to find the cure.

scholarly journals Examining the Degree of Foreign Trade Dependence and Its Influence on GDP Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Senija Nuhanović ◽  
Mirnesa Baraković Nurikić
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Basic Goal

Contemporary international economic environment registers an increasing relationship and interdependence of countries regardless of the degree of their development. In the open economy, the development of foreign trade mainly implies the growth of gross domestic product (GDP). The basic goal of this paper is to examine the influence and effects of trade dependence on GDP. Trade dependence is used to describe a country for which exports and imports are very important. This coefficient also shows the degree of national economy openness. The analysis included the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina for the period 2010-2018, whereby the relevant statistical data were processed for export, import, GDP, as well as the selected coefficient of foreign trade dependence. The results showed the existence of a short-term or long-term relationship between GDP and the total export and import, as well as between GDP and export.

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