scholarly journals Distance transform and template matching based methods for localization of barcodes and QR codes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-179
Author(s):  
Melinda Katona ◽  
Péter Bodnár ◽  
László Nyúl
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Template Matching ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Code Size ◽  
Distance Transformation ◽  
Embedded Web ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

Visual codes play an important role in automatic identification, which became an inseparable part of industrial processes. Thanks to the revolution of smartphones and telecommunication, it also becomes more and more popular in everyday life, containing embedded web addresses or other small informative texts. While barcode reading is straightforward in images having optimal parameters (focus, illumination, code orientation, and position), localization of code regions is still challenging in many scenarios. Every setup has its own characteristics, therefore many approaches are justifiable. Industrial applications are likely to have more fixed parameters like illumination, camera type and code size, and processing speed and accuracy are the most important requirements. In everyday use, like with smartphone cameras, a wide variety of code types, sizes, noise levels and blurring can be observed, but the processing speed is often not crucial, and the image acquisition process can be repeated in order for successful detection. In this paper, we address this problem with two novel methods for localization of 1D barcodes based on template matching and distance transformation, and a third method to detect QR codes. Our proposed approaches can simultaneously localize several different types of codes. We compare the effectiveness of the proposed methods with several approaches from the literature using public databases and a large set of synthetic images as a benchmark. The evaluation shows that the proposed methods are efficient, having 84.3% Jaccard accuracy, superior to other approaches. One of the presented approaches is an improvement on our previous work. Our template matching based method is computationally more complex, however, it can be adapted to specific code types providing high accuracy. The other method uses distance transformation, which is fast and gives rough regions of interests that can contain valid visual code candidates.

Age of Acquisition Norms for a Large Set of Object Names and Their Relation to Adult Estimates and Other Variables

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catriona M. Morrison ◽  
Tameron D. Chappell ◽  
Andrew W. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lexical Processing ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Name Agreement ◽  
Object Familiarity ◽  
The Relationship

Studies of lexical processing have relied heavily on adult ratings of word learning age or age of acquisition, which have been shown to be strongly predictive of processing speed. This study reports a set of objective norms derived in a large-scale study of British children's naming of 297 pictured objects (including 232 from the Snodgrass & Vanderwart, 1980, set). In addition, data were obtained on measures of rated age of acquisition, rated frequency, imageability, object familiarity, picture-name agreement, and name agreement. We discuss the relationship between the objective measure and adult ratings of word learning age. Objective measures should be used when available, but where not, our data suggest that adult ratings provide a reliable and valid measure of real word learning age.

scholarly journals Advancing the Ultra High Frequency RFID in Industrial Applications: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52
Author(s):  
Tracy Aleong ◽  
Kit Fai Pun
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Ultra High Frequency ◽  
The Past

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology transmits data wirelessly and falls under the broad classification of Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC). The advances in RFID technology continue to be accepted worldwide for various tracking and monitoring type applications. This paper reviews the principle of RFID system operation using an extensive search of relevant articles from technology management and related journals, over the past two decades. It explores 1) the RFID tags operating in the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band, 2) analyses some of the major advancements of this technology in the field of sensor tagging solutions in the past two decades, and 3) discusses industry-based applications utilising UHF RFID sensor tagging solutions for process measurement data acquisition. The main challenges identified are privacy and security concerns on their applications in industry. The paper contributes to amalgamating a list of UHF RFID industry-based applications. It is expected that the findings from this review exercise would shed light on critical areas of the UHF RFID Technology.

scholarly journals ORFhunteR: an accurate approach for the automatic identification and annotation of open reading frames in human mRNA molecules

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily V. Grinev ◽  
Mikalai M. Yatskou ◽  
Victor V. Skakun ◽  
Maryna K. Chepeleva ◽  
Petr V. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Web Application ◽  
R Package ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Reading Frames

AbstractMotivationModern methods of whole transcriptome sequencing accurately recover nucleotide sequences of RNA molecules present in cells and allow for determining their quantitative abundances. The coding potential of such molecules can be estimated using open reading frames (ORF) finding algorithms, implemented in a number of software packages. However, these algorithms show somewhat limited accuracy, are intended for single-molecule analysis and do not allow selecting proper ORFs in the case of long mRNAs containing multiple ORF candidates.ResultsWe developed a computational approach, corresponding machine learning model and a package, dedicated to automatic identification of the ORFs in large sets of human mRNA molecules. It is based on vectorization of nucleotide sequences into features, followed by classification using a random forest. The predictive model was validated on sets of human mRNA molecules from the NCBI RefSeq and Ensembl databases and demonstrated almost 95% accuracy in detecting true ORFs. The developed methods and pre-trained classification model were implemented in a powerful ORFhunteR computational tool that performs an automatic identification of true ORFs among large set of human mRNA molecules.Availability and implementationThe developed open-source R package ORFhunteR is available for the community at GitHub repository (https://github.com/rfctbio-bsu/ORFhunteR), from Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/devel/bioc/html/ORFhunteR.html) and as a web application (http://orfhunter.bsu.by).

Flowfield and Heat Transfer Numerical Analysis of a Stator Vane Endwall With High Freestream Turbulence

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Andreini ◽  
C. Bianchini ◽  
E. Burberi ◽  
B. Facchini ◽  
R. Abram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Turbulence Modelling ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Stator Vane

Among the different parts subjected to hot gas flow, endwall heat transfer evaluation is particularly challenging because the flow is strongly affected by secondary effects. Large three-dimensional flow structures introduce remarkable spatial variation of heat transfer, both along streamwise and spanwise directions, making the use of simplified modelling approaches questionable in terms of reliability, and at the same time increasing the challenge for high fidelity computational methods. The aim of the present contribution is to describe the work done in the assessment of computational methods for the estimate of high pressure vane endwall heat transfer for industrial applications. Efforts were first devoted to the development and validation of an accurate computational procedure against a large set of aerodynamic and heat transfer data, available from literature, for both airfoil and endwall of a low-pressure linear cascade with low and high inlet turbulence levels. The analysis, focused on steady state computations, is principally devoted to the turbulence modelling assessment, including non-linear turbulence closure as well as transition modelling. Obtained results showed that the aerodynamics of both passage and endwall are well captured independently of the turbulence modelling while a large impact on both pattern and averaged value is verified for the heat transfer.

scholarly journals Design of a Scalable and Fast YOLO for Edge-Computing Devices

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 6779
Author(s):  
Byung-Gil Han ◽  
Joon-Goo Lee ◽  
Kil-Taek Lim ◽  
Doo-Hyun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Accuracy Performance ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

With the increase in research cases of the application of a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based object detection technology, studies on the light-weight CNN models that can be performed in real time on the edge-computing devices are also increasing. This paper proposed scalable convolutional blocks that can be easily designed CNN networks of You Only Look Once (YOLO) detector which have the balanced processing speed and accuracy of the target edge-computing devices considering different performances by exchanging the proposed blocks simply. The maximum number of kernels of the convolutional layer was determined through simple but intuitive speed comparison tests for three edge-computing devices to be considered. The scalable convolutional blocks were designed in consideration of the limited maximum number of kernels to detect objects in real time on these edge-computing devices. Three scalable and fast YOLO detectors (SF-YOLO) which designed using the proposed scalable convolutional blocks compared the processing speed and accuracy with several conventional light-weight YOLO detectors on the edge-computing devices. When compared with YOLOv3-tiny, SF-YOLO was seen to be 2 times faster than the previous processing speed but with the same accuracy as YOLOv3-tiny, and also, a 48% improved processing speed than the YOLOv3-tiny-PRN which is the processing speed improvement model. Also, even in the large SF-YOLO model that focuses on the accuracy performance, it achieved a 10% faster processing speed with better accuracy of 40.4% [email protected] in the MS COCO dataset than YOLOv4-tiny model.

scholarly journals Automatic identification of atypical clinical fMRI results

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1677-1688
Author(s):  
J. Martijn Jansma ◽  
Geert-Jan Rutten ◽  
Lenny E. Ramsey ◽  
T. J. Snijders ◽  
Alberto Bizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Template Matching ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Typical Data ◽  
Neurosurgical Planning ◽  
Clinical Fmri ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
Verb Generation

Abstract Purpose Functional MRI is not routinely used for neurosurgical planning despite potential important advantages, due to difficulty of determining quality. We introduce a novel method for objective evaluation of fMRI scan quality, based on activation maps. A template matching analysis (TMA) is presented and tested on data from two clinical fMRI protocols, performed by healthy controls in seven clinical centers. Preliminary clinical utility is tested with data from low-grade glioma patients. Methods Data were collected from 42 healthy subjects from seven centers, with standardized finger tapping (FT) and verb generation (VG) tasks. Copies of these “typical” data were deliberately analyzed incorrectly to assess feasibility of identifying them as “atypical.” Analyses of the VG task administered to 32 tumor patients assessed sensitivity of the TMA method to anatomical abnormalities. Results TMA identified all atypical activity maps for both tasks, at the cost of incorrectly classifying 3.6 (VG)–6.5% (FT) of typical maps as atypical. For patients, the average TMA was significantly higher than atypical healthy scans, despite localized anatomical abnormalities caused by a tumor. Conclusion This study supports feasibility of TMA for objective identification of atypical activation patterns for motor and verb generation fMRI protocols. TMA can facilitate the use and evaluation of clinical fMRI in hospital settings that have limited access to fMRI experts. In a clinical setting, this method could be applied to automatically flag fMRI scans showing atypical activation patterns for further investigation to determine whether atypicality is caused by poor scan data quality or abnormal functional topography.

scholarly journals FEASIBILITY STUDY OF 8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER APPLICATIONS FOR ETHERNET / AŠTUONIŲ SKILČIŲ MIKROVALDIKLIŲ PANAUDOJIMO GALIMYBIŲ TYRIMAS ETHERNET TINKLO ĮRENGINIUOSE

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lech Gulbinovič
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Packet Processing ◽  
Packet Size ◽  
Code Size ◽  
Program Code ◽  
Code Compression ◽  
Speed Optimization ◽  
Packet Latency ◽  
Ethernet Controller

Feasibility study of 8-bit microcontroller applications for Ethernet is presented. Designed device is based on ATmega32 microcontroller and 10 Mbps Ethernet controller ENC28J60. Device is simulated as mass queuing theoretical model with ticket booking counter. Practical explorations are accomplished and characteristics are determined. Practical results are compared to theoretical ones. Program code and device packet processing speed optimization are discussed. Microcontroller packet processing speed and packet latency depend on packet size. For ICMP protocol packet processing speed varies 1.4–2.1 Mbps, latency – 0.8–8.4 ms. UDP protocol packet processing speed varies 1.3–1.8 Mbps, latency – 1.1–9.6 ms. Packet processing speed depends on compilation settings and program code compression level. Best results are reached on optimization le­vel ‑O3, then speed increased ~3% but program code size increased 68% comparing to –Os optimization level.

scholarly journals Automatic identification of resting state networks: an extended version of multiple template-matching

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Guaje ◽  
Juan Molina ◽  
Jorge Rudas ◽  
Athena Demertzi ◽  
Lizette Heine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Template Matching ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Extended Version ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Multiple Template

scholarly journals A collection of yeast cellular electron cryotomography data

GigaScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Gan ◽  
Cai Tong Ng ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Shujun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Template Matching ◽  
Feature Recognition ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Macromolecular Complexes ◽  
Structural Cell ◽  
Tilt Series ◽  
Electron Cryotomography

Abstract Background Cells are powered by a large set of macromolecular complexes, which work together in a crowded environment. The in situ mechanisms of these complexes are unclear because their 3D distribution, organization, and interactions are largely unknown. Electron cryotomography (cryo-ET) can address these knowledge gaps because it produces cryotomograms—3D images that reveal biological structure at ∼4-nm resolution. Cryo-ET uses no fixation, dehydration, staining, or plastic embedment, so cellular features are visualized in a life-like, frozen-hydrated state. To study chromatin and mitotic machinery in situ, we subjected yeast cells to genetic and chemical perturbations, cryosectioned them, and then imaged the cells by cryo-ET. Findings Here we share >1,000 cryo-ET raw datasets of cryosectioned budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiaecollected as part of previously published studies. These data will be valuable to cell biologists who are interested in the nanoscale organization of yeasts and of eukaryotic cells in general. All the unpublished tilt series and a subset of corresponding cryotomograms have been deposited in the EMPIAR resource for the community to use freely. To improve tilt series discoverability, we have uploaded metadata and preliminary notes to publicly accessible Google Sheets, EMPIAR, and GigaDB. Conclusions Cellular cryo-ET data can be mined to obtain new cell-biological, structural, and 3D statistical insights in situ. These data contain structures not visible in traditional electron-microscopy data. Template matching and subtomogram averaging of known macromolecular complexes can reveal their 3D distributions and low-resolution structures. Furthermore, these data can serve as testbeds for high-throughput image-analysis pipelines, as training sets for feature-recognition software, for feasibility analysis when planning new structural-cell-biology projects, and as practice data for students.

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