scholarly journals Quality control of full-fat soybean using urease activity: Critical assessment of the method

2008 ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Palic ◽  
Jovanka Levic ◽  
Slavica Sredanovic ◽  
Olivera Djuragic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Difference Method ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Reliable Indicator ◽  
Significant Difference

A critical assessment of the method for determination of urease activity, as an indicator of the degree of full-fat soybean (FFSB) processing, has been undertaken. FFSB was processed by dry extrusion at five temperatures, ranging from 115?C to 165?C, and analyzed for urease activity by two laboratories and by two analysts at each laboratory, using the pH-difference procedure. The in vivo trial with chickens fed the processed FFSB has also been conducted. While the results of two analysts at each laboratory did not differ significantly (P>0.05), there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in urease activity results between the two laboratories. The overall conclusion of this study is that the urease activity determined by pH-difference method can not be recommended as a reliable indicator for FFSB quality control.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms in Brucella Carbonic anhydrase II mediate CO2 dependence and fitness in vivo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM García-Lobo ◽  
Y Ortiz ◽  
C González-Riancho ◽  
A Seoane ◽  
B Arellano-Reynoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase Ii ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dependent Strain

AbstractSome Brucella isolates are known to require an increased concentration of CO2 for growth, especially in the case of primary cultures obtained directly from infected animals. Moreover, the different Brucella species and biovars show a characteristic pattern of CO2 requirement, and this trait has been included among the routine typing tests used for species and biovar differentiation. By comparing the differences in gene content among different CO2-dependent and CO2-independent Brucella strains we have confirmed that carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), is the enzyme responsible for this phenotype in all the Brucella strains tested. Brucella species contain two carbonic anhydrases of the β family, CA I and CA II; genetic polymorphisms exist for both of them in different isolates, but only those putatively affecting the activity of CA II correlate with the CO2 requirement of the corresponding isolate. Analysis of these polymorphisms does not allow the determination of CA I functionality, while the polymorphisms in CA II consist of small deletions that cause a frameshift that changes the C-terminus of the protein, probably affecting its dimerization status, essential for the activity.CO2-independent mutants arise easily in vitro, although with a low frequency ranging from 10−6 to 10−10 depending on the strain. These mutants carry compensatory mutations that produce a full length CA II. At the same time, no change was observed in the sequence coding for CA I. A competitive index assay designed to evaluate the fitness of a CO2-dependent strain compared to its corresponding CO2-independent strain revealed that while there is no significant difference when the bacteria are grown in culture plates, growth in vivo in a mouse model of infection provides a significant advantage to the CO2-dependent strain. This could explain why some Brucella isolates are CO2-dependent in primary isolation. The polymorphism described here also allows the in silico determination of the CO2 requirement status of any Brucella strain.

Simple Manual Procedure for Determination of Serum Triglycerides

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 768-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Mendez ◽  
Barry Franklin ◽  
Harry Gahagan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Samples

Abstract We describe a modified method for determining serum triglycerides (triacylglycerols), which is based on the heptane extraction procedure of Gottfried and Rosenberg [Clin. Chem. 19, 1077 (1973)] with the stable saponification, oxidation, and color development reagents of Neri and Frings [Clin. Chem. 19, 1201 (1973)]. This modified method eliminates one heating step, reduces saponification time to 5 min, absorbances are read at room temperature, and the calibration curve is linear to 3.0 g/liter. A sample comparison between the proposed method and the automated Block and Jarrett [Am. J. Med. Technol. 35, 1 (1969)] procedure showed no significant difference (r = 0.98). The coefficient of variation (47 duplicate samples) for the modified method was 6.3%. Further validation was obtained from analysis of quality-control samples; the proposed method gave equivalent values.

scholarly journals Determination of Cu and Pb concentrations based on urease activity inhibition of Durio zibethinus L. seeds

Molekul ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Zusfahair Zusfahair ◽  
Amin Fatoni ◽  
Dian Riana Ningsih ◽  
Anung Riapanitra
Keyword(s):  
Urease Activity ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Urea Concentration ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Urease Inhibitory ◽  
Pb Concentration

The determination of heavy metal concentrations has been carried out using sophisticated instruments, and therefore a simple and reliable alternative method is needed as a comparison. The study aimed to determine Cu and Pb concentration of standard solution using the urease activity inhibition method of Durio zibethinus L.  seeds.  The research started with urease extraction from Durio D. zibethinus L. seeds. The activity of the obtained extract was determined using the Nessler method. The optimum substrate concentration was also determined. Urease activity inhibition was carried out using various metal solution concentrations, which continued by plotting a log graph of urea concentration vs. %inhibition. The obtained graph would then determine the metal concentration in a synthetic water sample. The data was then compared to the measurement, determined by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. Results of the study showed that the urease activity of D. zibethinus L.seeds was 296.774 U/mL. Urease activity was optimum at a urea concentration of 0.3 M. The comparison Cu, and Pb concentration determination using the urease inhibitory activity and AAS methods showed no significant difference at 95% confidence level. This research showed that urease of D. zibethinus L. seed could be used to determine Cu and Pb's concentration based on its inhibiting activity.

scholarly journals A Validated Liquid Chromatographic Method for Berberine Analysis in Tissue and Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Neng Zhou ◽  
Dangmei Liu ◽  
Xiaowang Bao
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Saturated Model ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography methods were developed for the determination of berberine (BB) in various rat tissues so as to evaluate a P-gp inhibitor, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), on BB’s oral bioavailability. Acetonitrile was used to extract BB from tissues and showed different extraction recoveries in diverse tissues. The intra- and interday precision and accuracy were less than 10%. Long-term stability, pre (post) -preparative stability, and freeze-thaw stability were evaluated, and the results showed it could meet the need of this study. The proposed methods were subsequently applied to investigate the possible drug-drug interaction of GA and BB in vivo from the aspect of tissue distribution. The results showed that no significant difference was found between the group of low dose and high dose at the same time point. The tissue distributions show a saturated model, i.e., the content of BB in tissue tends to be constant while its dose is more than 200 mg/kg. Besides, the contents of BB ranged from high to low according to the order of the liver, kidney, and spleen. The BB content in the liver is especially high as compared to other tissues.

HPLC Tests in Quality Control under the Market Surveillance Program for Medicinal Products Containing Amlodipine and Valsartan

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessislava Ilieva-Tonova ◽  
Ivanka Pencheva ◽  
Assena Serbezova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Market Surveillance ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Quality Assurance Process ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Assurance Process ◽  
Determination Of Impurities

Background: Quality is one of the three main characteristics of medicinal products. The quality assurance process is multi-stage: during the manufacturing, quality control is the commitment of the manufacturer, but after medicinal products become part of the distribution and pharmacy network, analytical quality control is carried out within the program for Market Surveillance. There are different approaches in conducting quality control of medicinal products under the Market Surveillance Program. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the results obtained under two approaches: individual testing and testing by groups with the same active substance. Methods: In this study, comparative tests for assay and purity were carried out within two groups of medicinal products from the antihypertensive group containing Amlodipine besilate and Valsartan. Analyses were performed in accordance with the available pharmacopoeial monographs, as well as those from literature sources. Results: The results from the assay tests show a significant difference in the same product tested. Analytical methods for the determination of impurities also show different results when analyzing the same medicinal product. Conclusion: Considering the performed analytical tests, the obtained results can be used to make several conclusions and suggestions concerning the optimisation of the Annual Market Surveillance Program

Pimpinella anisum essentiel oil enhances spatial learning performance of rats exposed to Hgcl2 during the developmental period

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-166
Author(s):  
Arabi Wafaa ◽  
Kahloula Khaled ◽  
Adli Djallal E.H. ◽  
Ziani Kaddour ◽  
Slimani Miloud
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Pimpinella Anisum ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

The essential oil of Pimpinella anisum has been widely used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of diseases. This study was aimed to test, in vivo, effect of exposition to mercury chloride (100mg/L) in wistar rats during the gestation and lactation period. On the other hand, treatment of pups with essential oil of P. anisum (0.25 ml/kg) for 21 days. The behavioural patterms evaluated was spatial memory ( Morris water maze) and the determination of mercury concentration in blood and brain. The data were analysed by two way analyses of variance (ANOVAs). When a significant difference was found, the Student Newman Keuls post hoc test was conducted. The results of the present study demonstrated that exposure to mercury in developmental period induced, significantly decrease of the learning performance (p < 0.01; p < 0.05) compared to control rats. Thus, the concentration of mercury in the intoxicated group is high in the blood and brain. However, the administration of P. anisum essential oil resulted into an improvement of learning perfor-mance (p< 0.01; p< 0.05) and reduction of mercury blood and brain mercury. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that mercury exposure during the developmental period induces learning disabilities and remains trapped in blood and brain. This could be improved by the treatment with Pimpinella anisum essential oil.

scholarly journals In vivo determination of body composition by tritium dilution in the rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Rothwell ◽  
M. J. Stock
Keyword(s):  
Body Water ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Direct And Indirect Methods

Total body water was determined in vivo by tritium dilution in thirty-two male and female rats. Body water obtained by tritium dilution and body fat calculated from this value correlated significantly with body water and fat obtained by analysis (r 0.985, 0.855 respectively). There was no significant difference between values for fat assessed by the direct and indirect methods.

scholarly journals Comparison of Microbiological and UV-Spectrophotometric Assays for Determination of Voriconazole in Tablets

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 960-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra I H Adams ◽  
Martin Steppe ◽  
Pedro E Frehlich ◽  
Ana M Bergold
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Sacharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Routine Quality Control

Abstract Two methods have been developed for the determination of voriconazole, a new antifungal drug, in tablets. A UV method, with detection at 255 nm, was compared with a diffusion agar bioassay, which used Sacharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 2601 as the assay organism. The developed methods were linear in the range of 3.0-12.0 and 12.0-24.0 μg/mL, for the microbiological and UV methods, respectively, both exhibiting a coefficient correlation of 0.9999. The UV method demonstrated an improved precision compared to the bioassay method (1.0 versus 2.4%). The average recovery, 99.8 and 100.9%, was suitable in both methods. The results obtained by these 2 methods were compared with those of a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method published previously, and no evidence of significant difference was observed. The proposed methods are appropriate for the determination of voriconazole in tablets and can be used in routine quality control.

Quality-control sera for routine determination of aluminum by electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1966-1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Y Leung ◽  
A R Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Glass Containers ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Several commercially available quality-control sera were analyzed for aluminum content by atomic absorption spectroscopy with a stabilized-temperature graphite furnace. The values obtained ranged between 4 and 1250 micrograms/L (0.148 to 46.235 mumol/L). No significant difference was detected for between-vial variation for four lots of quality-control sera (p greater than 0.05). Control sera stored in 1-mL polypropylene vials and frozen at -20 degrees C for up to six months showed no significant variation in aluminum content (p greater than 0.05), but those stored in their original glass containers had significantly increased aluminum content (p less than 0.001) over a four-week period.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

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