scholarly journals Activity of gypsy moth dorsolateral neurosecretory neurons under increased rearing density

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 1085-1092
Author(s):  
Larisa Ilijin ◽  
Milena Vlahovic ◽  
Marija Mrdakovic ◽  
Jelica Lazarevic ◽  
Dragana Matic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurosecretory Neurons ◽  
Rearing Density ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Group 5

Lymantria dispar caterpillars were reared under two different rearing densities for the first three days of the 4th larval instar: 5 larvae that were kept in a Petri dish (V = 80 ml) belonged to the intense stress (D1 group); 5 larvae that were kept in a plastic cup (V = 300ml) belonged to the group exposed to less intense stress (D2 group). In the control group, single larvae were reared in a Petri dish. Morphometric changes in L1, L2 and L2? dorsolateral neurosecretory neurons (nsn) were analyzed. After keeping 5 larvae in a Petri dish, the size of L2 neurosecretory neurons (nsn) significantly increased. Rearing 5 larvae in a plastic cup significantly increased the size of L1 nsn nuclei and the number of L2?nsn. A decrease in relative band densities in the region of molecular masses (11-15 kD) that correspond to prothoracicotropic hormones in the gypsy moth was observed in the electrophoretic profiles that were obtained after both treatments in comparison to the control group.

scholarly journals The influence of increased rearing density on medial protocerebral neurosecretory neurons of Lymantria dispar L. caterpillars

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Ilijin ◽  
Vesna Peric-Mataruga ◽  
R. Radojicic ◽  
Milena Vlahovic ◽  
Marija Mrdakovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Brain Protein ◽  
Neurosecretory Neurons ◽  
Total Brain ◽  
Rearing Density ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Cytological Characteristics ◽  
The Brain

Morphometric changes of A1, A1' and A2 protocerebral dorsomedial neurosecretory neurons, total brain protein content and brain protein profiles were analyzed in 4th instar Lymantria dispar larvae under elevated rearing density, i.e. under intense stress when 5 larvae were kept in a petri dish (V = 80 ml), less intense stress when 5 larvae were kept in a plastic cup (V = 300 ml). In the control samples the larvae were reared in isolated conditions. Protein pattern changes in the brain were observed. Proteins with the following molecular masses: 30, 14, 10 and 3.4-2.5 kD were detected in the experimental groups. The size and cytological characteristics of protocerebral dorsomedial neurosecretory neurons were changed under elevated rearing density.

scholarly journals Effects of Rearing Density on Developmental Traits of Two Different Biotypes of the Gypsy Moth, Lymantria Dispar L., from China and the USA

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Yiming Wang ◽  
Robert L. Harrison ◽  
Juan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Asian Gypsy Moth ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Rearing Density ◽  
Different Populations

The life-history traits of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), have been observed to vary with larval population density, which can increase significantly during an outbreak of this pest. Laboratory studies on density-dependent variation in gypsy moth development have focused on single populations and were limited to comparing solitary larvae with groups of larvae reared at a single density. To evaluate how density-dependent impacts on development vary with different populations and subspecies of L. dispar, we compared the effects of rearing larvae of a European gypsy moth (L. dispar dispar L.) population from Connecticut, USA; and larvae of two populations of the Asian gypsy moth (L. dispar asiatica Vnukovskij) from Guizhou and Hebei provinces in China. Larvae were reared on an artificial diet at densities of one, three, five, seven, and nine larvae per 115 mL container, and the duration of larval development, percentage of surviving larvae, and the rates of pupation and emergence were measured at each density. A two-tailed response to density variation with values falling away on both sides from a peak or climbing from a base was observed for all three populations tested, with the most rapid larval development and the highest values of survival, pupation, and emergence observed at a density of five larvae/container. Although differences in larval development time, survival, pupation and emergence were observed among the different populations under the conditions of our study, our findings indicate that density-dependent effects on the development of different gypsy moth subspecies and populations follow the same trends.

scholarly journals Gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), and its natural enemies in the forests of Central Serbia

2012 ◽  
pp. 133-147
Author(s):  
Mara Tabaković-Tošić
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Entomophaga Maimaiga ◽  
Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus

In central Serbia, a total of 88 species which are natural enemies of the gypsy moth, i.e. 23 predators, 49 parasitoid insects and 10 saprophagous insects, and 6 pathogens, has been reported. The most abundant of them are the insects which attack the gypsy moth in the larval instar (41 species). Regarding the number of the species, the representatives of the Hymenoptera (14 species from Ichneumonidae family and 11 species from Braconidae family) and Diptera orders (12 species from Tachinidae family and 8 species from Sarcophagidae family) are most frequent. Regarding the predators of the gypsy moth, Carabidae family, from Coleoptera order, is most frequent. In addition, at some sites Lymantria dispar nucleopolyhedrosis virus and Entomophaga maimaiga had the dominant role in the reduction of the gypsy moth density.

scholarly journals Changes in Lymantria dispar protocerebral neurosecretory neurons after exposure to cadmium

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1287-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Ilijin ◽  
Milena Vlahovic ◽  
Marija Mrdakovic ◽  
Dragana Matic ◽  
Jelica Lazarevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Nuclear Size ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Neurosecretory Neurons ◽  
Dry Food ◽  
Size Of Nuclei

Gypsy moth 4th instar caterpillars were fed for 3 days with an artificial diet supplemented with increasing cadmium (Cd) concentrations (0, 10, 30, 100 and 250 ?g?g of dry food weight). Changes in the morphometric characteristics of A1? dorso-medial and L2 dorso-lateral neurosecretory neurons (nsn) were analyzed. In the A1? nsn, Cd supplements led to an enhanced nuclear size, except in the group treated with 250 ?g Cd?g in the form of dry food. The size of L2 type nsn was increased in the groups provided with 30 and 100 ?g Cd?g, while no differences in the size of nuclei was detected in L2 neurons among the experimental groups.

Pro-oxidant effects of a high α-tocopherol dose on kidney antioxidant biomarkers and histopathological aspects

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
Amel Kanane ◽  
Fayrouz Rouaki ◽  
Mohamed Brahim Errahmani ◽  
Abdenour Laraba ◽  
Hayet Mesbah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Oxidant Effect ◽  
Higher Doses

Abstract. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of α-tocopherol supplementation at two doses (600 and 1200 mg × kg–1) on kidney antioxidant status and the histopathological changes in Wistar rats after 12 weeks of exposure at different diets. Forty rats has been divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each, the control group received basal diet with 5 % fresh sunflower oil (FSO), the second group: 5 % oxidized sunflower oil (OSO), the third group: 5 % OSO supplemented with 600 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol and the fourth group: 5 % OSO supplemented with 1200 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol. In OSO groups, the results showed highly significant increases of LPO (from 31.3 ± 0.9 to 53.8 ± 1.2 nmol of MDA formed/min/mg protein, p < 0.0001) with a significant decrease (p < = 0.001) of the antioxidant enzymatic activities (CAT, SOD, GPX, GR and G6PDH), body weight (339 ± 9 to 290 ± 3 g) and α-tocopherol levels (13.6 ± 0.6 to 6.5 ± 0.4 μg/mg protein). In OSO groups with 600 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol, an antioxidant effect was found, reflected by a return of the parameters to values similar to those of the control group. However, higher doses of α-tocopherol (1200 mg × kg–1) induced a depletion of antioxidant status, α-tocopherol levels (6.0 ± 0.3 μg/mg protein, p < 0.001) and a very highly significant rise (p < 0.0001) of LPO content (54.86 ± 0.01 nmol of MDA formed/min/mg protein). The kidney tissues also showed changes in glomerular, severe inflammatory cells infiltration, and formation of novel vessels. So, we can conclude that the oxidative stress is attenuated by a moderate administration of 600 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol, while a pro-oxidant effect occurs at 1200 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol.

Liver, Kidney Function Tests and Oxidative Damage During and after Treatment of Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Experimental Local Rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Salah Hasan ◽  
Ayman Barzan Abdulgafor ◽  
Maher Saber Owain ◽  
Mohammed Ali Hussein ◽  
Qusay Mohammed Aboud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

This study aimed to evaluate the liver, kidney damage caused by S. typhimurium and to estimate the oxidative damage in association with this bacteria. A highly virulent isolates of S. typhimurium were obtained from the department of internal and preventive medicine/ College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Baghdad. A twenty five local rabbits of both genders with age range (2-4 months) weeks old were used for this study, the rabbits were divided randomly into five groups each group contains 5 rabbits :- group 1: drenched orally with 5 ml of normal saline and consider as control group, group 2: were drenched orally with (5 ml) suspension which contain (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium and regarded as infected group, group 3 were drenched orally with (5 ml) suspension which have (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of gentamicin alone at 0.05ml/kg (5mg/ml) orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation), group 4 were drenched (5 ml) suspension having (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of Ca-EDTA alone at 40mg/kg orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation) and group 5 were drenched (5 ml) suspension that contain (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of combined gentamicin at 0.05ml/kg (5mg/ml) orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation) and Ca-EDTA 40mg/kg after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation).The results of biochemical profile showed a significant increase (p less than 0.05) in ALT, creatinine and urea levels in infected group as compared with control group, while, the treated groups especially group 5 showed a significant improvement in ALT, Urea and creatinine levels which returned to relative normal levels as compared with infected group after 96hrs. post treatment. Also, the results of oxidative stress showed a significant increase in the levels of MDA in G2, G3, G4 and G5 after 48 hrs. post treatment, while the level of GSH showed a significant decrease in the level at 48hrs., both were returned to relative normal levels after 96hrs.post treatment especially in group 5.In conclusion, S. typhimurium can causing liver and kidney damage which is manifested by increase ALT, Urea and Creatinine. Also, MDA and GSH is increased due to salmonellosis.

Stimulation of cyclic AMP formation and nerve electrical activity by octopamine in the terminal abdominal ganglion of the female gypsy moth Lymantria dispar

2006 ◽  
Vol 1071 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Olianas ◽  
Paolo Solari ◽  
Luciana Garau ◽  
Anna Liscia ◽  
Roberto Crnjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Abdominal Ganglion ◽  
Stimulation Of
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