scholarly journals Bioactivity of Centaurea persica boiss. (Asteraceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyajit Sarker ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Srikanth Gujja ◽  
Shazi Begum ◽  
Sezgin Celik
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The free-radical-scavenging property, antibacterial activity and brine shrimp toxicity of petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of Centaurea persica, a Turkish medicinal plant, were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the resazurin microtiter plate based assay, and the brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. Additionally, the disc diffusion assay was also used to assess antibacterial activity. Only the MeOH extract of C. persica exhibited a significant free-radical-scavenging property in the DPPH assay, with an RC50 value of 0.025 mg/mL. However, in the TLC-based qualitative assay, petroleum ether and DCM extracts showed an extremely low level of free-radical-scavenging property. Among the solid-phase extraction fractions of the MeOH extract, the fractions eluted with 60% and 80% MeOH in water exhibited the highest level of free-radicalscavenging activity (RC50 = 0.010 and 0.015 mg/mL, respectively). While DCM extract showed reasonable antibacterial activity against five out of the nine test strains both in the disc diffusion assay and in the resazurin assay, the MeOH extract was highly active against both Escherichia coli and ampicillin-resistant E. coli strains. Among the solid-phase extraction fractions of the MeOH extract, fractions eluted with 80% MeOH in water and 100% MeOH displayed significant antibacterial potencies against both E. coli species. None of the extracts showed any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps (LD50 = >1.00 mg/mL).

scholarly journals Bioactivity of extracts of Centaurea polyclada dc. (Asteraceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Granger ◽  
Emilie Samson ◽  
Severine Sauvage ◽  
Anisha Majumdar ◽  
Poonam Nigam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

The free radical-scavenging property, antibacterial activity, and brine shrimp toxicity of n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH) extracts of Centaurea polyclada, an endemic Turkish species, were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the resazurin microtiter plate-based assay, and the brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. The DCM and MeOH extracts of C. polyclada exhibited free radical-scavenging ability with RC50 values 1.17 and 0.015 mg/mL, respectively. Among solid-phase extraction fractions of the MeOH extract, the fraction eluted with 60% MeOH in water demonstrated the highest level of free radical-scavenging activity (RC50 = 0.016 mg/mL). Only the DCM extract showed considerable antibacterial activity against all nine test strains except Escherichia coli, with MIC ranging from 1.25 to 2.50 mg/mL. This antibacterial activity pattern was also observed with solid-phase extraction fractions of the DCM extract with varied potencies. None of the extracts showed any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps (LD50 = >1.00 mg/mL).

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Rumex obtusifolius (Polygonaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Harshaw ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Brahmachari Vadla ◽  
Gadria Saif-E-Naser ◽  
Satyajit Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Rumex Obtusifolius ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses

Rumex obtusifolius L. (Polygonaceae), commonly known as 'broad-leaf dock', is one of the most common Irish wayside weeds, and it also occurs in silage fields, on river banks, in ditches and on waste grounds. The ethnobotanical uses of this species include its use as an antidote to nettle, depurative, astringent, laxative, and tonic, and in the treatment of sores, blisters, burns, cancer and tumors. The bioactivities of n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of the leaves of R. obtusifolius were assessed using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the newly developed micro-titer-based antimicrobial assay incorporating resazurin as an indicator of cell growth, and the brine shrimp lethality assay. The most potent free radical scavenging activity was displayed by the MeOH extract with a RC50 value of 7.80 x 10-2 mg/mL. Among the fractions obtained from solid-phase extraction (SPE) of the MeOH extract, the 50% aqueous methanolic SPE fraction exhibited the highest levels of free radical scavenging property (RC50 = 1.05 x 10-2 mg/mL). While the n-hexane extract did not show any antibacterial activity at test concentrations, the DCM extract was active only against Escherichia coli. However, the MeOH extract as well as the 50% and 80% SPE fractions of the MeOH extract showed significant antibacterial property against all bacterial strains tested. None of the extracts or fractions exhibited any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps.

scholarly journals Correlation between Antibacterial Activity and Free-Radical Scavenging: In-Vitro Evaluation of Polar/Non-Polar Extracts from 25 Plants

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Rayan ◽  
Baheer Abu-Farich ◽  
Walid Basha ◽  
Anwar Rayan ◽  
Saleh Abu-Lafi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Depth Analysis

Objectives: The current study aimed to measure the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of 25 wild Palestinian edible plants, which were subjected to extraction by polar and non-polar solvents. Correlations between free radical scavenging activity and antibacterial activity of the extracts were assessed for both polar and non-polar fractions. Materials: Twenty-five wild edible plant species that are frequently consumed by people in Palestine (mainly in a rural area) were examined. Among them, 10 plant species were among those with the highest mean cultural importance values, according to an ethnobotanical survey that was conducted in the West Bank, Palestine, a few years ago. Method: The protocol of the DPPH assay for testing free-radical scavenging was utilized for determining EC50 values, while microdilution tests were conducted to determine the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the extracts for the microorganism Staphylococcus mutans. Results and Discussion: Eight extracts (non-polar fractions) were found to possess an antibacterial IC50 of less than 20 ppm, such as Foeniculum vulgare, Salvia palaestinafruticose, Micromeria fruticose, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Cichorium pumilum jacq, Salvia hierosolymitana boiss, Ruta chalepensis, and Chrysanthemum coronarium. The polar fractions possess higher antioxidant activity, while non-polar fraction possess higher antibacterial activity. Looking at all the results together can deceive and lead to the conclusion that there is no correlation between antibacterial activity against S. mutans and free radical scavenging (R2 equals 0.0538). However, in-depth analysis revealed that non-polar plant extracts with an EC50 of free radical scavenging ≤100 ppm have a four-fold order of enrichment toward more activity against S. mutans. These findings are of high importance for screening projects. A four-fold order of enrichment could save plenty of time and many in screening projects. The antibacterial active extracts marked by low-medium free radical scavenging might act through a mechanism of action other than that of highly active, free radical scavenging extracts. Conclusion: The screening of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity performed on 25 selected wild plant extracts revealed a satisfactory free radical scavenging and antimicrobial potential that could be of value in the management of oxidative stress. Further studies are recommended to explore novel and highly active natural antibacterial products.

scholarly journals Free Radical Scavenging Potency of Five Date Varieties at Different Stages by Using DPPH Assay

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaheer Ahmed Mahar ◽  
Ghulam Qadir Shar ◽  
Bhajan Lal ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali Solangi
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Assay

Dithiols as more effective than monothiols in protecting biomacromolecules from free-radical-mediated damage: in vitro oxidative degradation of high-molar-mass hyaluronan

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Baňasová ◽  
Katarína Valachová ◽  
Ivo Juránek ◽  
Ladislav Šoltés
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
High Molar Mass ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activities

AbstractOxidative stress and the resulting damage to cellular and extracellular components has been observed in a variety of degenerative processes, including degenerative joint disorders, where high-molar-mass hyaluronan (HA) is often found to be massively degraded. The present study sought to test the hypothesis that dithiols are more effective in protecting biomacromolecules from free-radicalmediated damage than monothiols. The materials/thiols tested included bucillamine (BUC), dithioerythritol (DTE), dithiothreitol (DTT) and glutathione (GSH), as a reference, for their effectiveness in protecting HA from oxidative degradation induced in vitro. Since HA degradation results in a decrease in its dynamic viscosity, rotational viscometry was applied to follow HA oxidative degradation. The free-radical-scavenging activities of the thiols tested were determined by 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH) assays. It was found that all the dithiols in the concentration range tested protected HA from the oxidative degradation. On the other hand, monothiol GSH exerted protection only at high concentrations (10 μmol L−1 and 100 μmol L−1) and 1 μmol L−1 of GSH even exhibited a prodegradative effect. The ABTS assay revealed free-radical scavenging activities in the following order: BUC, DTT, DTE, GSH, and that of the DPPH assay: BUC, DTE, DTT, GSH. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that dithiols may be more effective than monothiols in affording biomacromolecule protection from oxidative degradation.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity of Moringa oleifera Extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwit Denny Fitriana ◽  
Taslim Ersam ◽  
Kuniyoshi Shimizu ◽  
Sri Fatmawati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Abts Assay

Moringa oleifera have been evaluated for its antioxidant activity. M. oleifera leaves were extracted with methanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and n-hexane. The antioxidant activity of extracts were evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity assay and an improved 2,2’-azino-bis-[3-ethylbenzothiazoline sulphonate] (ABTS) radical cation decolorization assay in vitro. Trolox was used as standard with IC50 5.89 μg/mL in DPPH assay and 3.06 μg/mL in ABTS assay. The methanol extract showed the highest free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 49.30 μg/mL in DPPH assay and 11.73 μg/mL in ABTS assay. This study provided that M. oleifera leaves possess antioxidant.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Wild Scolymus maculatus L.

Medicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Abu-Lafi ◽  
Mahmoud Rayan ◽  
Mahmud Masalha ◽  
Basheer Abu-Farich ◽  
Hashem Al-Jaas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Background: The wild population of spotted golden thistle, Scolymus maculatus, which belongs to the Compositae family, is believed to be one of the multi-curative wild plants mentioned in Flora Palaestina. This study aims to disclose the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial activity of wild S. maculatus collected from the farms of Kabul, a village in northwest Galilee, for the first time. Methods: The phytochemical components of crude S. maculatus extracts from methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane solvents were separated and identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the electron impact (EI) mode. The free radical scavenging of the plant extracts was measured by DPPH assay. The microdilution test was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of different S. maculatus extracts and to evaluate their antimicrobial activities. Results: Thirty-two phytochemicals were found in S. maculatus extracts including stigmasterol, γ-sitosterol, lupeol, lupeol acetate, and β-amyrin. Phytochemicals, such as 2-linoleoylglycerol, γ-sitosterol, β-amyrin, lupeol, (3α)-12-oleanen-3-yl acetate, and lupenyl acetate, were found to dominate the methanol extract. Most of these compounds were also observed in ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts, but at different levels, in addition to some other minor compounds. The various extracts were investigated for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The ethanolic and the methanolic extracts were shown to exhibit the highest free radical scavenging by DPPH assay with a half-maximally effective concentration (EC50) of 0.37 and 0.65 mg/mL respectively, while the other three extracts (aqueous, ethyl acetate and n-hexane) were less active and their EC50 (effective concentration at which DPPH radical was scavenged by 50%) were above 1.0 mg/mL. Moreover, MICs were determined to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Candida albicans microorganisms. Ethyl acetate and the ethanolic extracts are active against the three types of microorganisms at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.5 mg/mL, while aqueous and the n-hexane extracts are inactive against Salmonella typhimurium. Conclusions: The results show that S. maculatus extracts are a rich source of compounds that can play an important role in human health, and in a broader context, in the treatment of various diseases, such antimicrobial and antioxidant-related ailments.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL, AND ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF CUCURBITA PEPO VAR. FASTIGATA SEED EXTRACTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
ROSHNI RS SONI ◽  
MANOJ BALI
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antifungal Potential

Objective: The current study aims to study the antioxidant and antimicrobial and antifungal potential of the methanolic extract of Cucurbita pepo var. fastigata seeds (MECS). Methods: Extraction of the seeds has been carried out with solvents of increasing polarity (chloroform, acetone, and methanol) and the phytochemical study of the methanolic extract have been carried out using standard methods. The free radical scavenging activity of all the extracts was evaluated by DPPH and H2O2 methods. Standard disk diffusion method was used to evaluate antibacterial and antifungal activities. Results: Phytochemical evaluation showed the maximum presence of triterpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins and small amount of Coumarins. Methanolic extract revealed momentous antioxidant activity as compared to chloroform and ethyl acetate extract. Hence, methanolic extract of C. pepo. seeds (MECS) at a dose level of 100, 200 and 300 μg/ml was evaluated for antioxidant potential. Maximum free radical scavenging activity of methanolic seed extract of cucurbita pepo var. fastigata has been found at a dose of 300 μg/ml to be 63±0.16 % by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl model and at a value of 78% at 300 μg/ml with H2O2 model. Methanolic extract also showed the presence of antibacterial activity. Conclusion: Presence of phytochemicals in the methanolic extract is responsible for the antioxidant potential. Extracts were investigated for antibacterial activity using the standard disc diffusion assay method against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and for the antifungal activities against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The seed extract showed the presence of antibacterial activity, but the antifungal activity was found to be absent in the extract.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Constituents from Hornstedtia Species of Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Ernieyanti Hashim ◽  
Hasnah Mohd Sirat ◽  
Khong Heng Yen ◽  
Intan Safinar Ismail ◽  
Siti Nurulhuda Matsuki
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
First Time

Seven compounds were isolated from the n-hexane and chloroform extracts of the flowers and leaves of four Hornstedtia species and their structures were identified using spectroscopic techniques as 3,7,4′-trimethylkaempferol (1), 3,7-dimethylkaempferol (2), 7,4′-dimethylkaempferol (3), 3,5-dimethylkaempferol (4), 3-methylkaempferol (5), stigmast-4-en-3-one (6), and 6-hydroxy-stigmast-4-en-3-one (7). Compounds 1 to 7 were isolated from these species for the first time. They were assayed for free radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibition activities. The DPPH assay showed that 3-methylkaempferol (5) was the most potent antioxidant agent with an IC50 value 78.6 μM, followed by 7,4′-dimethylkaempferol (3) (IC50 = 86.1 μM). For α-glucosidase inhibition activity, 3-methylkaempferol (5) exhibited significant inhibitory activity with an IC50 value 21.0 μM. The present study revealed that Hornstedtia species have potential activities as antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitors.

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