scholarly journals The influence of dietary protein quality on midgut and brain proteins in Morimus funereus larvae

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Ilijin ◽  
Milena Jankovic-Tomanic ◽  
Marija Mrdakovic-Mitic ◽  
Milena Vlahovic ◽  
Vesna Peric-Mataruga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Brain Proteins ◽  
Morimus Funereus

The response of starved Morimus funereus larvae refed with an artificial diet (Galford, 1967) was examined in the present paper. Larvae were offered diets varying in protein quality (soya protein, casein, and gelatin). Refeeding with the Galford diet (G I) and two modifications of it in which soya protein was supplemented with casein (G II) or gelatin (G III) led to an increase of body mass. Different protein quality in the nutritive substrate influenced both the quantity and quality of midgut and brain proteins.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary protein on reproduction in the mare. VI. Serum progestagen concentrations during pregnancy

1998 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
F.E. Van Niekerk ◽  
C.H. Van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acid Content

Sixty-four Thoroughbred and Anglo-Arab mares aged 6-12 years were used, of which 40 were non-lactating and 24 lactating. Foals from these 24 mares were weaned at the age of 6 months. Non-lactating and lactating mares were divided into 4 dietary groups each. The total daily protein intake and the protein quality (essential amino-acid content) differed in the 4 groups of non-lactating and 4 groups of lactating mares. The mares were covered and the effect of the quantity and quality of dietary protein on serum progestagen concentrations during pregnancy was studied. A sharp decline in serum progestagen concentrations was recorded in all dietary groups from Days 18 to 40 of pregnancy, with some individual mares reaching values of less than 4 ng/mℓ. Serum progestagen concentrations recorded in some of the non-lactating mares on the low-quality protein diet increased to higher values (p<0.05) than those of mares in the other 3 dietary groups at 35-140 days of pregnancy. A similar trend was observed for the lactating mares on a low-quality protein diet at 30-84 days of pregnancy. No such trends were observed in any of the other dietary groups. High-quality protein supplementation increased serum progestagen concentrations during the 1st 30 days of pregnancy. Lactation depressed serum progestagen concentrations until after the foals were weaned.

Protein Quality of Four Peanut Cultivars Grown at Two Locations

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Josephine Miller ◽  
Timothy H. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
A Value ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

Abstract Four cultivars of peanuts (Florigiant, Florunner, Starr and Tamnut) grown at two locations (Lewiston, North Carolina (NC) and Stephenville, Texas (TX)) in the National Regional Variety Trials were evaluated for protein nutritional quality. Peanuts, blanched with a minimum of heat treatment and partially defatted on a Carver press, were extracted with hexane at room temperature. Rats were fed these peanut meals to provide 10% of dietary protein (N × 6.25). PER was calculated as the ratio of weight gained to protein consumed for the 28-day feeding period. Adjusted PER values of the 8 peanut meals ranged from 1.3 to 1.7 compared to a value of 2.5 for the casein control diet. No statistically significant differences existed in PER among the 4 cultivars grown in NC. Florunner and Tamnut produced in TX had lower PER values than Florigiant and Starr grown at the same location. Florigiant, Florunner, and Tamnut grown in NC had lower PER values than the same varieties from TX. Rats were fed diets with Florunner peanut meal supplemented with methionine, lysine, and threonine, singly and in all combinations, for 7-day periods. Differences in protein quality between NC and TX-produced peanuts were overcome by addition of methionine to the diets. When all three amino acids were added, peanut meal from both locations supported growth of young rats equal to that of casein.

Protein quality of Altex canola meal for juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) considering dietary protein and 3,5,3′-triiodo-L-thyronine content

Aquaculture ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 213-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Higgs ◽  
Ulf H.M. Fagerlund ◽  
Jack R. McBride ◽  
M.Dianne Plotnikoff ◽  
Bakhshish S. Dosanjh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

The Quality of Fish Flour, Liver Meal, and Visceral Meal as Sources of Dietary Protein

1961 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
B. A. Larsen ◽  
W. W. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Muscle Preparation ◽  
Better Than

Rats were used to test the digestibility and protein quality of dried preparations of muscle and viscera from cod and haddock, and of liver from cod.The digestibility of the preparations from muscle and viscera was good, and better than that of the preparation from liver.The metabolic utilization of nitrogen and the support of growth were good in the case of the muscle preparation, and poor in the case of the visceral and liver preparations.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Dietary Protein Digestibility, Based on DIAAS Scoring, in Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Ciuris ◽  
Heidi M. Lynch ◽  
Christopher Wharton ◽  
Carol S. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

Vegetarian diets provide an abundance of nutrients when carefully planned. However, vegetarian diets may have lower protein quality compared to omnivorous diets, a reflection of less favorable amino acid profiles and bioavailability. Hence, the current recommended dietary allowance for protein may not be adequate for some vegetarian populations. The purpose of this study was to determine dietary protein quality using the DIAAS (Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score) method in vegetarian and omnivore endurance athletes. DIAAS scores reflect the true ileal digestibility of the indispensable amino acids that are present in food items, and these scores can be used to compute the available protein in diet plans. Thirty-eight omnivores and 22 vegetarians submitted seven-day food records that were analyzed for nutrient content, and DIAAS scores were computed by diet group. Average available protein (g) was compared along with participants’ lean body mass and strength (quantified using the peak torque of leg extension). DIAAS scores and available protein were higher for omnivorous versus vegetarian athletes (+11% and +43%, respectively, p < 0.05). Omnivorous participants had significantly higher lean body mass than vegetarian participants (+14%), and significant correlations existed between available protein and strength (r = 0.314) and available protein and lean body mass (r = 0.541). Based upon available protein, as determined through the DIAAS, vegetarian athletes in this study would need to consume, on average, an additional 10 g protein daily to reach the recommended intake for protein (1.2 g/kg/d). An additional 22 g protein daily would be needed to achieve an intake of 1.4 g/kg/d, the upper end of the recommended intake range.

The effect of level of protein on protein quality of lysine-deficient foods

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yanez ◽  
J. M. McLaughlan
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Relative Order ◽  
Slope Ratio ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Per Se

Nitrogen intakes and weight changes of male weanling Wistar rats fed two or more levels of test proteins or a non-protein diet for 2 weeks were determined. The slope-ratio plot for multiple-dose assays showed clearly that proteins markedly deficient in lysine yielded invalid assays. NPR values for lysine-deficient protein were markedly higher when determined at the 5% than at the 10% level of protein but foods limiting in methionine, threonine, or lysine and threonine yielded similar values at the two levels of dietary protein. It was concluded that protein quality per se is not a fixed value and depends on the level of protein fed even at low and moderate concentrations. When PER, NPR, and slope-ratio values for several samples were expressed as a percentage of the values for casein, NPR and slope-ratio methods gave almost identical results but PER yielded low values for poor quality proteins. However, the three methods rated the eight test proteins in the same relative order.

scholarly journals Effects of the amount and quality of dietary protein on nitrogen metabolism and heat production in growing pigs

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Fuller ◽  
A. Cadenhead ◽  
G. Mollison ◽  
B. Seve
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Daily Rate ◽  
Additional Protein ◽  
Made In

1. Eight pigs with a mean weight of 48 kg were given, at a constant daily rate, diets of low (0.15) or high (0.30) protein content, very deficient in lysine, with or without a supplement of L-lysine (3.7 g/kg).2. Measurements of nitrogen and energy metabolism were made in four successive 14 d periods in a Latin-square design.3. The rate of protein accretion was substantially increased by increases in both protein and lysine supply, but the rate of heat production was not significantly changed.4. The rate of fat deposition varied inversely with the rate of protein accretion, being reduced by both protein and lysine supplements.5. The relation between heat production and protein accretion (allowing for a constant energy cost of fat deposition) suggested that heat production increased with additional protein accretion less when protein quality was improved than when more protein was given.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary protein quality on energy metabolism in growing chickens

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nieto ◽  
C. Prieto ◽  
I. Fernández-Fígares ◽  
J. F. Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

A slaughter experiment was carried out to study the effect of dietary protein quality on maintenance energy requirements and energy costs for protein accretion and fat deposition in fast-growing broiler-type male chickens. Three isonitrogenous (200 g crude protein/kg DM) and isoenergetic (14 kJ metabolizable energy (ME)/g DM) semipurified diets based on soyabean meal unsupplemented (diet S) or supplemented with 20 g L-lysine/kg (diet SL) or 2 g DL-methionine/kg (diet SM), in order to promote a decrease or an increase in growth rate respectively, were selected and given at four feeding levels (ad lib. or restricted to 40, 28 and 18 g DM/d, on average) to 10-d-old fast-growing male broiler-type chicks for 2 weeks. Both the efficiency with which ME was used to support growth (kg) and the maintenance requirements (MEm) significantly decreased inversely to the biological value of the dietary protein (kg = 0·660, 0·600 and 0·572; MEm = 597, 522 and 464 k.J/kg W0·75 per d, for diets SI, S and SM respectively). The partial efficiencies of use of ME for protein accretion (kp) or fat deposition (kf) were also inversely related, the former increasing with the quality of the protein offered. An alternative procedure was used to try to overcome the statistical problems inherent in the partition of ME between fat and protein.

Assessment of the Therapeutic Effect of Physiotherapy on Minimizing Imbalances of Geriatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Justyna Pawlak ◽  
Małgorzata Dudkiewicz ◽  
Łukasz Kikowski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Climbing Stairs ◽  
Tinetti Test

Introduction: The progressing aging process and comorbidities worsen the efficiency of the balance system in the elderly, which leads to a weakening of stability and, as a consequence, to falls and injuries. The first ones lead to: worsening of functioning, reduced mobility, an increased risk of disease and mortality, therefore systematic physical activity and shaping the balance using physiotherapy, which can prevent dangerous falls is very important. Aim: Assessment of the therapeutic effect of physiotherapy on minimizing imbalances in geriatric patients. M aterial and Methods: The study group consisted of 46 people, including 32 women (69.6%) and 14 men (30.4%); average age of respondents – 72.5 years. They were patients of the Department of Rehabilitation of Poddębice Health Center, Ltd. The researchers used a self-made questionnaire, body mass to height index (BMI) and the Tinetti Test. Results: Patients with an elevated BMI (89.1%), as well as those taking more than 4 medication (78.3%), have had more falls over the past year (respectively 91.4% and 81.4%). After the use of comprehensive therapy, none of the patients achieved a worse result than before the physiotherapy while 91.3% of the respondents had an increase in the number of points scored in the Tinetti Test. The percentage of patients at high risk of falling reduced from 67.4% to 37%. There was also a decrease in the fear of walking (in 58.7%), falling (in 57.7%) and climbing stairs (in 47.9%). According to 78.3% of respondents, physiotherapy positively affected their independence and quality of life. Conclusions: The use of comprehensive physiotherapy reduces the fear of walking, climbing stairs and falling, which can be a good predictor of prevention. Both polypragmasia and an elevated body mass index (BMI) increase the risk of falling. Comprehensive physiotherapy of geriatric patients helps to improve balance and gait stereotype. Physiotherapy for the elderly helps improve the quality of life, independence, minimize imbalances, and thus reduce the risk of falls. Balance exercises play an important role in preventing falls.

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