Development of Pure Sine Wave Inversion System with Inbuilt Charging and Display Mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Raji A. Abimbola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Health It ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Wave Inversion ◽  
Running Cost

In recent years, Nigeria’s power generation output from all the available energy sources such as coal, natural gas, and water, is far from the expected number required to meet the energy demand of her teeming populace. This culminates in long hours of power outages frequently experienced in many parts of the country. However, there appears to be no end in sight to the problem. Alternatively, few citizens who can afford generator have wittingly resulted to the use of this device to supply power. Generator set has unavoidable disadvantages of high maintenance or running cost, noise pollution, and release of dangerous gases that pose danger to human lives. Evidently, that solution is risky and inadequate. Power inverter is an alternative and better means of generating electricity with little or no maintenance cost, environment or eco- friendly and poses no risk to human health. It is in that connection that we develop in this work 2KVA sine wave inversion system which produces sinusoidal A.C. signal required in homes for lightning and powering electronic gadgets like television, radio, refrigerator, Air conditioner etc. It is an improvement over square wave and modified sine wave inversion systems that generate digital approximations of A.C. signal. An interesting but new addition is the use of LCD display, interfaced with PIC16F688 microcontroller for showing the design specifications of the inverter.

Energy Demand, Availability in Nepal and Present PV Cost Analysis

Solar Energy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip C. Ghimire ◽  
Sudip Adhikari ◽  
Sunil Adhikary ◽  
Hideo Uchida ◽  
Masayoshi Umeno
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Government Subsidy ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
High Insulation ◽  
Solar Electricity

This paper describes the Photovoltaic solar electricity generating capacity in Nepal. Although Nepal is rich in hydropower, currently only about 17% of the total population has access of electricity. The majority of the population who are living in the rural mountainous parts of Nepal is still deprived of electricity. The relatively high insulation throughout the year and geographical situation encourage for the development of PV energy in the country. The monthly mean solar radiation analysis shows that April and January receive the highest and the lowest solar radiation respectively. The PV installation rate has increased dramatically in the last five years due to relative decrease in PV module cost and government subsidy. PV technology is reliable because of its simplicity, extremely low maintenance cost and point-of-use installation possibility. The widespread use of PV will help to reduce CO2 emission and consequently contributes towards better environment.

An Implementation of Demand Side Energy Management for Refined Load Control

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 409-413
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Jin ◽  
Xue Lin Zhao ◽  
Kun Qi Jia ◽  
Guang Yu He
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Zigbee Network ◽  
Remote Controller ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
End Use ◽  
And Control

Demand Side Energy Management System (DSEMS) manages energy demand by controlling end-use appliances in a refined, energy-saving, cost-efficient and user-friendly way. The DSEMS runs on an Android tablet computer, which serves as energy gateway to communicate with two types of controllers via ZigBee network. Smart sockets connected to the ZigBee network will monitor and control plug-in loads and IR remote controller (IRRC) for air-conditioner temperature setting. The proposed system has been installed in an apartment with over 24 rooms as a paradigm, which proved that the DSEMS can realize the autonomous energy-saving via real-time surveillance and control on household appliances.

USING WATER VAPOR AS REFRIGERANT IN MULTISTAGE VARIABLE SPEED TURBO COMPRESSOR TO IMPROVE SEASONAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO OF AIR CONDITIONING

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
QUBO LI ◽  
DEMISS A. AMIBE ◽  
NORBERT MÜLLER
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Part Load

An air conditioning system using water as refrigerant (R718) that compresses water vapor with multistage stage variable speed axial compressor with intercooling between stages by water injection is considered. Four stage compression with flash intercooling resulted in 50% improvement of coefficient of performance (COP) at full load compared to conventional refrigerants like R134a. The energy efficiency of an air conditioning unit is specified by seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER). SEER is defined as the ratio of cooling output of an air conditioner measured and electrical energy consumption as per AHRI 210/240 during cooling season. The SEER is computed after determining the evaporator cooling capacity and the electrical energy demand of the compressor at each bin temperature using assumed compressor isentropic efficiency, mechanical efficiency and electrical efficiency and multiplying by the weight of each bin temperature to determine the total for the cooling season. As a result of multistage compression, best part load performance of water as a refrigerant and operation of compressor near design point at part load due to variable speed drive, 50%–60% improvement in SEER is obtained compared to the best available in the market using conventional refrigerants such as R134a with single stage compression.

Experimental Investigation on a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Air Conditioning System

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Xiang Jin ◽  
Xiao Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

As coal, oil, natural gas and other non-renewable energy consumption and increasing energy demand, the utilization of solar energy as a new energy is greatly enhanced. In this work, a grid connected photovoltaic solar air conditioning system is designed, mainly comprised of solar panel, controller, inverter, room air conditioner and other parts. Air conditioning systems rely mainly on solar photovoltaic power; achieve the effect of energy conservation and environmental protection. The experimental result indicates that the system can achieve stable operation and the utilization of solar energy driving air conditioning system to save electricity. This air conditioning system is compared with the ordinary air conditioning system, SEER can increase 10.6 ~ 29.4%, HSPF can increase 6.25 ~ 18.5%.

scholarly journals Solar Based Grass Cutter

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 1490-1491
Author(s):  
Nitesh Kumar Sondhiya
Keyword(s):  
Current Problem ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Labour Cost ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Battery Charge ◽  
Proper Design

As the current problem of environment and noise pollution, we made a small effort to solve this problem. A solar based grass cutter is used to cut the Grass basically in lawn or garden. In this research the proper sizing of solar panel, charge Controller, battery, DC motor were calculated. The maintenance cost has been reduced by using this machine. Proper design of solar panel, battery, charge controller was by catia modelling. Cutting of grass is more time consuming and labour cost. The highly strength blades are used for cutting grass which is powered by DC motor. The present research gives the solution for quick process of cutting grass in order to make environment beautiful.

scholarly journals How much energy storage can we afford? On the need for a sunflower society, aligning demand with renewable supply

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Desing ◽  
Rolf Widmer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Storage Demand ◽  
Storage Technologies

Our society has become accustomed to demanding energy whenever we want it. When decarbonising the energy system, this becomes a fundamental challenge due to the extent of energy storage required for matching the intermittent renewable supply to society's current demand. Available energy storage technologies are energetically expensive either to build - like batteries - or to operate - like synthetic fuels. Due to these energetic costs, requiring more storage leads to a slower energy transition and consequently higher climate risks. This paper explores the energy implications of adding energy storage to fast and complete energy transition pathways. Technological innovation can mitigate the problem to some extent by focusing on reduced energy intensity of storage alongside with improved turnaround efficiency. Most influential is, however, the extent of storage that we want: reducing storage demand greatly accelerates the transition and therefore reduces the induced probability of violating 1.5°C peak heating. In addition, it can immediately be implemented with readily available and scalable technologies. However, it requires a fundamental rethinking of the way we use energy in society: aligning energy demand with renewable supply as best as we can. Following the course of the sun, just like sunflowers do, we need to schedule our most energy-intensive activities around midday and summer, while reducing demand during night and winter. The sunflower society has the potential to accelerate climate action and therewith reduce climate risks.

A multi-agent-based for fault location in distribution networks with wind power generator

2021 ◽  
pp. 0309524X2110445
Author(s):  
Mohamed Azeroual ◽  
Younes Boujoudar ◽  
Ayman Aljarbouh ◽  
Hassan El Moussaoui ◽  
Hassane El Markhi
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Wind Power Generator ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Power Restoration

The integration of distributed generation (DG) units such as wind power into the distribution network are one of the most viable technique to meet the energy demand increases. But, the integration of these DG units into power systems can change the dynamic performances of the systems and create new challenges that are necessary to be taken care of in the operation of the network. The fault location and diagnosis are the most significant technical challenges that can improve power systems’ reliability and stability. In this paper, a Multi-Agent System (MAS) based on current amplitude and current direction measured proposed for fault location, isolation, and power restoration in a smart distribution system with the presence of a wind power generator. The agents can communicate and collaborate to locate the faulted line, then send trips signal to corresponding circuit breakers accordingly. The simulation results show the performance of the proposed techniques.

Flexible energy systems for planning the world’s main copper mines considering geographical conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Moreno Leiva ◽  
Jannik Haas ◽  
Wolfgang Nowak ◽  
Tobias Junne
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Copper Mines ◽  
Ore Grade

<p>Energy systems of the future will be highly renewable, but building the required infrastructure will require vast amounts of materials. Particularly, renewable energy technologies are more copper-intensive than conventional ones and the production of this metal is intensive in energy and emissions. Moreover, as mineral resources are being depleted, more energy is required for their extraction, with subsequent increase in environmental impacts. Highly stressed and uncertain water resources only worsen this situation.</p><p>In this work, we will first provide a comprehensive review of the limited available energy planning approaches on copper mines, including transferrable learnings from other fields. Our second contribution is to compare the influence of different geographical locations on the optimal design of energy systems to supply the world’s main copper mines. For this, we use a linear energy system optimization model, whose main inputs are hourly time series for solar irradiation and power demand, and projections for energy technology costs and ore grade decline. Our third contribution is to propose a multi-vector energy system with novel demand-side management options, specific to copper production processes, including water demand management, illustrated on a case study in Chile (where mining uses a third of the nationwide electricity).</p><p>In the first part, the review, we learned that energy demand models in copper mines have only coarse temporal and operational resolutions, and require major improvements. Also, demand-side management options remain unstudied but could promise large potentials. In general, the models applied in copper energy planning seem overly simplistic when contrasted to available energy decision tools.</p><p>For the second part, we observed that in most locations, using local photovoltaic power not only lowers future electricity costs but also compensates for increased energy demand from ore grade decline. Some regions gain a clear competitive advantage due to extremely favorable climatic conditions.</p><p>In the third and final part, regarding the demand-side management, we saw how the geography and the spatial design of the mines strongly influence the available options and their performance. Jointly planning flexible water and energy supply seems to be particularly attractive. Also, there is space for smart scheduling of maintenance of the production lines, the hardness of the rock feed, oxygen production, and the hauling (rock transport) fleet.</p><p>As an outlook,  we highlight the need for consideration of lifecycle impacts as a design goal, and to further develop demand model’s and their flexibility on the mining side. We expect that implementing these smarter approaches will help secure a cleaner material supply for the global energy transition.</p>

scholarly journals NFV-Enabled Efficient Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Management: Requirements and Algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Christian Tipantuña ◽  
Xavier Hesselbach
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Consumer Participation ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Heuristic Strategies ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization ◽  
Network Functions

The increasing worldwide energy demand, the CO2 emissions generated due to the production and use of energy, climate change, and the depletion of natural resources are important concerns that require new solutions for energy generation and management. In order to ensure energy sustainability, measures, including the use of renewable energy sources, the deployment of adaptive energy consumption schemes, and consumer participation, are currently envisioned as feasible alternatives. Accordingly, this paper presents the requirements and algorithmic solutions for efficient management of energy consumption, which aims to optimize the use of available energy, whether or not it is 100% renewable, by minimizing the waste of energy. The proposal works within a Demand-Response environment, uses Network Functions Virtualization as an enabling technology, and leverages the massive connectivity of the Internet of Things provided by modern communications technologies. The energy consumption optimization problem is formulated as an Integer Linear Program. It is optimally solved while using a brute-force search strategy, defined as OptTs, to detect all concerns that are related to the problem. Given the NP-hard nature of the problem and the non-polynomial complexity of OptTs, some heuristic solutions are analyzed. Subsequently, a heuristic strategy, described as FastTs based on a pre-partitioning method, is implemented. The simulation results validate our proposed energy management solution. Exact and heuristic strategies, when deployed in the Network Functions Virtualization domain, demonstrate improvements in the way that energy is consumed, thereby offering an increase in service processing. The evaluation results also show that FastTs produces high-quality solutions that are close to those of OptTs while executing 230×–5000× faster.

scholarly journals FPGA implementation of DPWM utility/DG interfaced solar (PV) power converter for green home power supply

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-469
Author(s):  
Shiva Singh ◽  
Snehlata Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Fpga Implementation ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Solar Pv

FPGA implementation of DPWM utility/DG interfaced solar (PV) power converter for green home power supply In this paper, utility/DG interfaced DPWM solar (PV) power converter (SPC) has been proposed and developed to meet the growing green energy demand of household applications in a developing country like India. The use of new software based direct PWM strategy (DPWM) in the inverter circuit has resulted in to produce a very near sine-wave, most suitable for various home loads. Simulated results of proposed PWM output wave form and computation of its harmonics content in terms of THD value (upto 5% or even less) using MATLAB software has been reflected in the proposed scheme. The features like an intelligent control action to prevent battery from overcharge or undercharge, higher efficiency (> 90%), generation of grid quality green electricity, sustainability of solar renewable energy sources, cost effective hardware realization with FPGA based VLSI embedded system, shows the superiority of the proposed scheme over conventional power supply systems.

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