scholarly journals EFFECTS OF RAW AND COOKED AQUEOUS AND METHANOL EXTRACTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS (KIDNEY BEANS) ON RENAL FUNCTION IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idoko A ◽  
Philip OC ◽  
Nwali ON ◽  
Ugwudike PO ◽  
Blessing NO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
E Mail

Objective: Phaseolus vulgaris, like other beans, is endowed with rich nutritional contents. This study evaluated the effects of raw and cooked aqueous and methanol extracts of P. vulgaris on renal function in albino Wistar rats. Methods: Oral acute toxicity (LD50) study of both extracts was conducted in two phases. In the main design, a total 36 Wistar albino rats were used and divided into nine groups of four rats and oral administration lasted for 7 days. Group 1 served as control and 2 – 9 treated groups. Groups 2 and 3; 4 and 5 were administered aqueous extracts while groups 6 and 7; 8 and 9 were administered methanol extracts of 350mg/kg and 550mg/kg body weight raw and cooked P. vulgaris respectively. Results: Results of LD50 of all extracts were greater than 5000mg/kg. Results showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in concentrations of urea and chloride across test groups administered aqueous extracts, than methanol extracts; a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum creatinine in test groups administered methanol extracts; a significant (P<0.05) increase of serum total protein of test groups compared to control; no significant (P<0.05) difference in the concentration of potassium in test groups administered compared to control group. Conclusion: It may be concluded that P. vulgaris portrays potentials capable of improving renal function and its consumption may contribute to the wellness of a person due to its rich nutrients, and based on the duration of this work and standard scale of toxicity; the extracts are practically non- toxic since the LD50 was greater than 5000mg/kg.   Peer Review History: Received 7 June 2020; Revised 25 June; Accepted 3 July, Available online 15 July 2020   UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf Affiliation: Sana'a university, Yemen E-mail: [email protected]   Name: Ahmad Najib Affiliation: Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia E-mail: [email protected]   Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles: ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF BAPHIA NITIDA EVALUATION OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA STEM BARK ON BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS, SERUM AND TISSUE LIPIDS IN A PRECLINICAL MODEL ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF RUSSELIA EQUISETIFORMIS AGAINST PARACETAMOL-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakeel Olayemi Kamoru ◽  
Ayankunle Akeem Ademola ◽  
Oluogun Waheed Akanni ◽  
Kolawole Oyetunji Timothy ◽  
Adeyeba Oluwaseyi Adegboyega
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objectives: Liver diseases are among the health challenges facing many people and health care providers worldwide. In their search for solution to these problems, researchers are increasingly advocating the use of herbal preparations with proven efficacy in protecting against hepatic disorders. They also investigate medicinal plants with the aim of developing new drugs.  Russelia equisetiformis is a plant which contains phytoconstituents that were reported to have biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and membrane-stabilizing properties. In this study, the effect of methanol extract of R. equisetiformis (MEREQ) on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity was investigated in rats. Method: Rats were pretreated orally with graded doses (100 – 400 mg/kg b.w) of MEREQ for 7 days. On the 8th day, hepatotoxicity was induced in the pretreated rats with a single intraperitoneal injection of paracetamol (2 g/kg b.w). Rats were sacrificed on the 15th day; blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis, and the liver was excised for histopathological study. Biochemical parameters analyzed are alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, albumin, and bilirubin. Results: Administration of paracetamol in the rats resulted in significant increase (p<0.05) in the serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin compared with the control. Treatment with MEREQ significantly reduced (p<0.05) the levels of these parameters in a dose-dependent manner, compared with the untreated rats. No significant changes were observed in the serum levels total protein and albumin. Histopathological examination showed that administration of paracetamol caused distortions in the architecture of the liver, but the degree of degeneration of hepatocytes was reduced in the MEREQ-treated rats. Conclusion: From the results obtained in this study, it is concluded that methanol extract of R. equisetiformis has protective effect on paracetamol-induced hepatic injury.                                 Peer Review History: Received 8 November  2020; Revised 14 Decembe; Accepted 3 January, Available online 15 January 2021 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:                           Comments of reviewer(s):         Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622,  Giza, Egypt, [email protected]  Prof. Dr. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf, Sana'a university, Yemen, [email protected] Similar Articles: ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF BAPHIA NITIDA ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM EFFECTS OF RAW AND COOKED AQUEOUS AND METHANOL EXTRACTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS (KIDNEY BEANS) ON RENAL FUNCTION IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY OF THE HYDRO-METHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF BURKEA AFRICANA IN ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terhemen Festus Swem ◽  
Patrick Emeka Aba ◽  
Samuel Chukwuneke Udem ◽  
Victor Masekaven Ahur ◽  
Fidelis Aondover Gberindyer
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Somatic Index

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the sub-acute toxicity profile of hydro-methanol extract of Burkea africana  (BA) stem bark in rats. Methods: The stem bark of BA was extracted by cold maceration using 80% methanol. Twenty female albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group 1 (only distilled water). Groups 2-4 received the extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) orally, once daily for 28 days. The rats were observed for signs of toxicity and the bodyweight (b.wt) of rats taken weekly. Blood samples were collected on day 28 for hematology and serum chemistry. Visceral organs were harvested for organ-somatic index and histopathology. Results: There were no toxicity signs observed and no significant (p< 0.05) change in body weight but the pulmo-somatic index was significantly (p< 0.05) higher at 400 mg/kg compared with the control and other treated groups. Significant (p< 0.05) increase in PCV, RBC, and MCV and significant (p< 0.05) decrease in MCHC, Total WBC count, neutrophils and lymphocytes were observed. Also, there were significant (p< 0.05) decreases in ALT, total protein, globulin, total bilirubin of test groups when compared with the control group. Urea concentration of test groups significantly (p< 0.05) increased when compared with that of the control group. Conclusions: BA stem bark extract can be said to have no deleterious effect on erythrocyte, but rather serve to improve erythropoiesis and also has no overt toxic effect on the visceral organs. Also the extract may have immunosuppressive and oxidative tendencies on prolong use.                                   Peer Review History: Received 12 January 2021; Revised 3 February; Accepted 25 February, Available online 15 March 2021 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.  Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Idoko Alexander, Caritas University, Enugu, Nigeria, [email protected] Taha A.I. El Bassossy,  Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt, [email protected]   Similar Articles: PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF RUSSELIA EQUISETIFORMIS AGAINST PARACETAMOL-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS EFFECTS OF RAW AND COOKED AQUEOUS AND METHANOL EXTRACTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS (KIDNEY BEANS) ON RENAL FUNCTION IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS EVALUATION OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA STEM BARK ON BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS, SERUM AND TISSUE LIPIDS IN A PRECLINICAL MODEL

scholarly journals THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LEVELS OF HEPCIDIN, IRON STATUS AND MICRO-INFLAMMATION MARKERS AMONG HAEMODIALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebtesam Ahmad Mufadhal ◽  
Fairouz Kaid Al-Showafi ◽  
Hassan A. Al-Shamahy ◽  
Ebtesam Mhdi Al-zabidi
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Serum Hepcidin ◽  
E Mail

Hepcidin is a polypeptide that regulates iron homeostasis and could serve as an indicator of functional iron deficiency in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD); this may also aid in the assessment of patient's response to erythropoietin (EPO). Erythropoietin is a cytokine glycoprotein secreted by the kidney in response to cellular hypoxia; it stimulates the production of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the bone marrow. The present study was aimed to investigate serum levels of hepcidin, iron status and inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with ESRD on maintenance HD and to observe the correlation of serum hepcidin with conventional iron and inflammatory markers. A total of 59 patients on maintenance HD were enrolled; 29 age and sex-matched healthy subjects were included as controls. Laboratory tests including complete blood count, creatinine, urea, albumin, BUN, serum hepcidin, serum ferritin, serum iron and CRP were performed. The serum hepcidin levels was measured by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA). Serum hepcidin levels were significantly higher in patients with ESRD than in the control group (63.7±47.4 ng/mL: 11.5± 26.3 ng/mL respectively P<0.001). The hemoglobin and serum iron levels in the patient group were significantly lower than in the control group. Higher feritine levels were found in hemodialysis patients (448.5±710 ng/mL): ( 98.3±83 ng/mL) of controls (P =0.01). A positive and significant correlation was observed between the values of serum hepcidin and CRP.  Serum hepcidin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in maintenance haemodialysis patients (case=21.2±28.6 mg/L:control=2.9±2.7 mg/L, P=0.001). In conclusion, higher hepcidin levels are found in ESRD patients and serum hepcidin levels are associated with iron status and micro-inflammation (defined as hsCRP < 6mg/l, in maintenance haemodialysis patients). Also, our findings suggest that hepcidin might play a role in the pathophysiology of anemia associated with chronic diseases as ESRD. As well as, ELISA method for measuring serum hepcidin should facilitate the routine measurement of hepcidin in clinical practice. Peer Review History: UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication st0ge: 8.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Hebatallah Ahmed Mohamed Moustafa Affiliation: Heliopolis University Cairo, Egypt E-mail: [email protected]   Name: Dr. Heba M. Abd El-Azim  Affiliation: Damanhour University, Egypt E-mail: [email protected] Comments of reviewer(s):

Effect of Gmelina arborea on learning and memory in amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of albino Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Sori ◽  
Basavaraj Poojar ◽  
Nandan Hodlur ◽  
Priya Gandigawad
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Abstract Background The brain is the centre of the nervous system in all vertebrates. The central cholinergic pathways play a prominent role in learning and memory processes. Dementia is a mental disorder characterized by the loss of intellectual ability, which invariably involves the impairment of memory. The crude extracts of the Gmelina arborea plant are reported to possess wound-healing, anti-diarrheal, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-ulcer property. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of G. arborea on learning and memory in albino Wistar rats. Methods A total of 36 healthy rats were selected for the study, which were divided in to six groups. Standard screening tests such as the elevated plus maze (EPM), Morris water maze (MWM), and step-down passive avoidance (SDA) tests were used for testing the learning and memory processes. Results Gmelina arborea at higher doses (1000 mg/kg) showed statistically significant activity in EPM, MWM, and SDA tests for assessing the learning and memory paradigms when compared to the control group in amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of rats. Conclusions This is the first ever study to report the effects of G. arborea on learning and memory in both amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of rats. Our results show that G. arborea potentiates the processes of learning and memory. The observed pharmacological activities should be further evaluated by detailed experimental studies and revalidated by clinical trials.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Selenium Against Sodium Fluoride Induced Behavioral, Anti-Oxidant and Neurohistological Alterations in Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorantla Sri Charitha ◽  
Kurmeti Sudhakar ◽  
K. Pratap Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Fluoride naturally occurs in the earth’s crust and ground water and it causes fluorosis when it is consumed in high levels. The fluorosis also affects soft tissues like liver, kidney, heart, brain etc., in addition to skeletal and dental systems. The present study reports the protective effects of selenium against sodium fluoride induced neurotoxic effects. Three months old (around 250 – 280 g weight) wistar rats were randomly categorized into four groups viz. Group I (control) which received normal tap water, Group II (sodium fluoride, NaF) treated with 20 ppm of fluoride through IP, Group III treated with (NaF 20 ppm) + Selenium (5 mgkg-1 body wt./day/rat) and Group IV treated with Selenium (5 mgkg-1 body wt./day/rat) alone. The doses were continued for a period of 15 days and after that they were used for recording behavioral (rota rod, hot plate), anti-oxidant (LPO, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px) and histological (Golgi cox staining) observations. The rats treated with NaF showed the decreased motor coordination, thermal pain response, decreased CAT and SOD activity and increased LPO levels and GSH-Px activity with compared to control group. Moreover, NaF received rats also showed the decreased number of dendrites, synaptic connections and neural networks. These all alterations were reversed on administration of selenium towards fluoride toxicity and the results were significant (p<0.01). The results of selenium alone treated group of rats is comparable to control group. Based on these observed results, the present study evidenced the protective role of selenium against fluoride induced neurotoxicity.

scholarly journals Effects of Methanol Seed Extract of Aframomum melegueta (Alligator Pepper) on Wistar Rats with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Induced Hemolytic Anemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damilola A. Omoboyowa ◽  
Agha O. Aja ◽  
Florence Eluu ◽  
Kerian C. Ngobidi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Group I ◽  
Wbc Count

The prevalence of parasitic infections such as malaria, which leads to decrease in hematological indices, the major cause of anemia, constitutes a serious health challenge in many developing countries such as Nigeria. This study investigated the effect of methanol seed extract of Aframomum melegueta on selected hematological indices of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH)-induced anemic rats model. The toxicity study and qualitative phytochemical screening of the extract were carried out using standard procedure. Twenty Wistar rats were grouped into five of four rats each (n = 4). Group I: Normal control; Group II: Negative control; Group III: administered 20 ml/kg b.w. of Astifer (Standard drug); Group IV and V were administered 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. of the extract, respectively. The animals of Groups II to V were induced with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (20 mg/kg b.w.) once daily for seven consecutive days; their blood samples were collected by ocular puncture into heparinized capillary tubes for hematological analysis and animals with packed cell volume (PCV) ≥ 30% reduction were considered anemic for the study. The result of the qualitative phytochemical analysis showed that the methanol extract tested positive to alkaloids, carbohydrate, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and anthraquinones. Acute toxicity and lethality studies on methanol extract showed an oral LD50 equal or less than 5000 mg/kg b.w. in mice. The rats administered 20 ml/kg b.w. of Astifer showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in PCV, hemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, and neutrophils count compared with the normal control animals. The rats administered 200 mg/kg b.w. of A. melegueta showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher PCV and WBC count; non significant (P > 0.05) decrease in hemoglobin count, RBC, platelet, neutrophils and lymphocyte count compared with the normal control animals. The rats administered 400 mg/kg b.w. of A. melegueta showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in hemoglobin, platelet, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and neutrophils count; non significant (P > 0.05) lower PCV, RBC, WBC count, and lymphocyte count compared with anemic rats administered with 0.3 ml of normal saline. It can be concluded that Aframomum melegueta seed has beneficial immunological and hematological properties in Wistar rats and possessed erythropoietic potentials at minimal dose that support its use for treating anemia.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT EFFICACY OF VITELLARIA PARADOXA NUTS DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS (BUTTER, HULLS AND PRESS CAKES)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose-Monde MEGNANOU ◽  
Abel Boris KOUAKOU ◽  
Ahouman Élisée Silas DJOMAN
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Press Cake ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Vitellaria Paradoxa ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Phytochemical Components ◽  
Derivative Products

Aim and objective: Vitellaria paradoxa is a useful African tree belonging to the sapotaceae family. Its nuts are mainly exploited for their fat or butter. This study demonstrated pharmacological virtues of shea nuts derivative products through their phytochemical components and their antioxidant efficacy. Methods: The hydroalcoholic extracts of shea butter, hull and cake were qualitatively screened in order to detect phytochemical components, and their antioxidant efficacy was tested through their ability to reducing DPPH radical and iron. Results: The results revealed that the whole shea nuts derivative products (butter, hull and press cake) tested contain phytochemical compounds, namely phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, triterpenic alcohols and sterols. Most of these compounds are known as active principles. Indeed, the DDPH and FRAP tests have proved that the whole shea nuts derivative products have antioxidant power. This power varied increasingly (5.37%, 58.56% and 62.99% for DPPH test and 0,152, 0,222 et 0,606 for FRAP test) from butter to hulls and press cake. Conclusion: Based on these results, shea nuts could constitute a value-added resource of bioactive principle, which might be taken into account in the prevention of diseases linked to oxidative stress, such as tumors, cancer and other degenerative diseases.                   Peer Review History: Received: 4 July 2021; Revised: 11 August; Accepted: 3 September, Available online: 15 September 2021 Academic Editor:  Dr. Jennifer Audu-Peter, University of Jos, Nigeria, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.  Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, [email protected] Prof. Dr. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf, Sana'a university, Yemen, [email protected] Dr. Sangeetha Arullappan, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia, [email protected] Similar Articles: PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-DIABETIC POTENTIALS OF PERSEA AMERICANA MILL. (LAURACEAE) FRUIT EXTRACT ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF VITEX THYRSIFLORA LEAVES ON DIABETIC RATS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF BAPHIA NITIDA ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM

scholarly journals Evaluation of nephroprotective effect of Bryonia lacinosa on streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1193
Author(s):  
Shruti S. Bhide ◽  
Miteshkumar R. Maurya ◽  
Snehlata V. Gajbhiye ◽  
Firoz M. Tadavi
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose

Background: Ayurvedic literature indicated use of Bryonia laciniosa (BL) for metabolic abnormalities. However only one study evaluated Bryonia laciniosa seed ethanolic extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats and was found to have anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects. The authors looked at the renal function test in addition and found that it prevents deterioration of renal function in rats. Hence it was interesting to find if Bryonia laciniosa had any protective action in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rats.Methods: Streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy model in wistar rats was standardised in phase 1. In phase 2 animals were divided into 4 groups and diabetic nephropathy was induce with STZ. Vehicle Control group animals received CMC 0.5%, Positive control group received enalapril 5 mg/kg, Test group 1 received ethanolic extract of Bryonia laciniosa (EEBL) 250 mg/kg and Test group 2 received (EEBL) 500 mg/kg from 3rd day onwards till 6 weeks. Renal function, morphology and histopthological changes were evaluated.Results: There was a significant reduction (p <0.001) in the serum creatinine and BUN in both low and high dose EEBL groups. High dose of EEBL lowered raised MDA values significantly (p<0.001) and raised the GSH values (p<0.001). On histopathology, the high dose EEBL reversed nephropathic changes which were equivalent to enalapril.Conclusions: Bryonia lacinosa in high doses 500 mg/kg has potential to reverse diabetic nephropathic changes induced in wistar rats.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts against Arcobacter butzleri and Arcobacter cryaerophilus

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yemisi Olukemi Adesiji ◽  
Racheal Adekemi Akanni ◽  
Olusegun Adelowo Adefioye ◽  
Sunday Samuel Taiwo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Chicken Isolate ◽  
Arcobacter Butzleri

Background: There are increasing reports of resistance to current antibiotics employed in treatment of Arcobacter related infections. Materials and Methods: Carica papaya, Vernonia amygdalina, Ocimum gratissimum and Momordica charantia were tested against A. butzleri reference strain (ABSH3-1137) and A. cryaerophilus isolated from pig and chicken using disk diffusion technique. Results: The aqueous extract of C. papaya inhibited the growth of A. butzleri at inhibitory dose (ID) of 0.5 mg and the two A. cryaerophilus at ID of 1 mg while the methanol extract did not inhibit the growth of any strains. The aqueous and methanol extracts of V. amygdalina inhibited the growth of A. cryaerophilus isolated from pig and chicken at ID of 10 mg but did not inhibit A. butzleri. The methanol extracts of O. gratissimum inhibited A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus pig isolate at ID of 2.5 mg and the chicken isolate at ID of 1 mg. The aqueous extracts of O. gratissimum inhibited A. butzleri, A. cryaerophilus of chicken isolate at ID of 5 mg, and A. cryaerophilus of pig isolate at 2.5 mg. The methanol extracts of M. charantia had ID of 2.5 mg for A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus pig isolate and ID of 1 mg for A. cryaerophilus chicken isolate while the aqueous extracts had ID of 5 mg for all the three strains tested. Conclusions: The result obtained from this study showed that both aqueous and methanol extracts of four commonly used herbs in Nigeria inhibited the growth of Arcobacter species to a varying degree with the aqueous extract of C. papaya leaves reported in vitro highest antimicrob­ial activity and thereby may serve as potential sources for new antimicrob­ial agents against Arcobacter.

scholarly journals Bagian Biomedis Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Jember Jember, Indonesia

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phagocytosis Activity

Neem is one of the traditional medicine known by society as immunomodulator. On the other hand, 80% of oralinfection diseases is caused by C. albicans. This research is aimed to explain the phagocytosis activities on wistarrats which were inoculated with C. albicans and fed with neem leaves. There are 5 groups, namely control group(KO)with no treatment, the other treatment groups were classified into 4 groups. First group (KP1)was inoculatedwith C. albicans only. KP2 was fed with 50 mg/day/kg BW aqueous extracts from neem leaves, then inoculated withC. albicans start from day 8-21. KP3 was fed with 100 mg/day/kg BW aqueous extract from neem leaves, theninoculated with C. albicans start from day 8-21. KP4 was fed with 200 mg/day/kg BW aqueous extract from neemleaves, then inoculated with C. albicans start from day 8-21. On day 22, the tongue was swabbed for each group,then cut for immunohistochemistry preparation. The study that there was significant difference showed that therewere different results computed using anova, HSD test, and linier regression. The conclusion was neem leavesincreased the phagocytosis activity of wistar rats, inoculated with C.albicans.

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