scholarly journals La crisis del sector agropecuario Colombiano: ¿Cuál es la responsabilidad de las políticas públicas?

Tendencias ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Colombian Government

El sector agropecuario resulta estratégico para la soberanía de un país, ya que es fuente de alimentos y materias primas requeridos por la sociedad para garantizar las necesidades básicas. Este análisis sistemático tiene como objetivo hacer una reflexión de la evolución de las políticas públicas relacionadas con el sector agropecuario. Se revisó documentos de expertos publicados en los últimos treinta años. Se concluye que la política actual del gobierno colombiano ha seguido al pie de la letra los dictámenes del consenso de Washington y ha gobernado con políticas nada convenientes para el desarrollo del sector agropecuario nacional.ABSTRACTThe agricultural sector is a strategic sector for the sovereignty of a country, because it is the natural source of food and raw materials required by the society to meet basic needs. This article aims to reflect the evolution of public policies related to agriculture. We reviewed published expert papers in the last thirty years, It is concluded that the current policy of the Colombian government has followed to the letter? The dictates of the Washington Consensus and he have ruled nothing suitable policies for national agricultural development.

scholarly journals THE FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF ECONOMY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF EURO INTEGRATION

2017 ◽  
pp. 395-406
Author(s):  
Ievgeniia Markova ◽  
Tetyana Shestakovska
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Agricultural Resources ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Eu

The article substantiates the peculiarities of the development of the agrarian sector of the economy in the context of integration into the ELI, which confirms that the modern global society is undergoing transformational processes, in which Ukraine must take and takes part. It is determined that domestic agricultural science should promote more rational land use, create with the help of the latest information technologies the basis for increasing the range of agricultural products certified by the EU rules. The study of the positive experience of the EU countries regarding the use of raw materials for energy agricultural resources and the awareness of the objective need for finding alternative kinds of fuels and energy for Ukraine has given rise to the need to develop a bioenergy industry, which, in its turn will allow the introduction of an environmental ideology in the field of the production and consumption of bioenergy. The methodological approaches are determined, the theoretical conclusions are obtained which can beused in the process of development of the strategy of agricultural development of Ukraine in the conditions of European choice while preserving its own identity.

scholarly journals Innovative Socially Oriented Type of Economic Development as State Policy in Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01050
Author(s):  
Svetlana M. Kurbatova ◽  
Larisa Yu. Aisner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
World Economic

The level of developed countries in the conditions of global competition and open economy in terms of well-being and efficiency cannot be reached, unless the advanced development of the sectors of the economy that determine its specialization in the world economic system is ensured. This will make it possible to actualize national competitive advantages to their maximum. For example, it applies to the agricultural sector, where the transition from export-raw materials to an innovative model of economic growth is linked to the formation of a new mechanism for social development, which is based on the balance of a number of factors, namely, social justice, entrepreneurial freedom, and national competitiveness. The article deals with the problems of the model of economic growth of states, priorities of agricultural development, and directions of its transformation.

scholarly journals STRATEGIC VECTORS OF DEVELOPMENT THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Галина Захарова ◽  
Galina Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Agrarian Sector

Over the past century, the directions of agricultural development have radically changed. In the first half of the twentieth century, the main problem was the fight against hunger, providing the population with bread. Interruptions in the supply of bread in 1917 caused riots and led to the February Revolution in Russia. In the early 20s, in order to fight hunger, a new economic policy was introduced, which gave the peasants the opportunity to restore agriculture. At the end of the 1920s, collectivization, started with the aim of increasing agricultural production to meet the country’s growing urban population and the raw materials needs of industry, turned into a new hunger, the elimination of which was the most important task of collective farms. After World War II, in 1946, there was hunger again, and the post-war restoration of agriculture was aimed at overcoming it. The ambitious program for the development of virgin lands in the 1950s was also primarily aimed at achieving a sustainable bread supply for the population. Crop failure in 1963-1964 once again put the country on the brink of hunger. The problem was solved by importing grain from other countries. In the 1990s, the problem of food supply arose again. This was due not to a shortage of food, but to the low incomes of a large part of the Russian population. The dynamically changing macroeconomic conditions make their own adjustments to the prioritization of directions for the development of agriculture in Russia. In the agricultural sector, a number of documents have been developed that reflect the promising directions for the development of the industry [1, 2]. The implementation of the goals and objectives of the long-term development of the agrarian sector of the Russian economy will be largely determined by both the macroeconomic situation in the country and the significant improvement in climate in international cooperation. The article discusses the key vectors of development of the agricultural sector in modern conditions. An economic assessment of the state of implementation of these areas is given, their positive and negative sides are noted.

scholarly journals Current Trends in Crop Yield Forecasting Based on the Use of Econometric Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Arkhipova ◽  
A. I. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Forecasting Models ◽  
Crop Yield Forecasting

Agriculture is one of the most important branches of the national economy and the main supplier of food and raw materials for many industries. Agricultural sector in Russia has recently been undergoing renewal and growth due to the intensifi cation and application of modern innovative technologies for monitoring the state of fields using satellite images based on computer vision systems. At the same time, there is still a number of problems and challenges that require prompt solutions. One of them is developing new forecasting models and methods for key resulting indicators of agricultural development and have an advantage over existing models. To improve the accuracy of forecasting models, it is necessary to rely on a broad range of available statistical indicators and new modern econometric tools. The paper presents a set of methodological developments for modeling and forecasting crop yields based on the use of new econometric models that allow working with a truncated regression by limiting the range of possible negative values, statistical estimations of the introduced indicators that focus on the ecological component, as well as structural and general economic indicators. The suggested models allow obtaining more accurate forecasts compared to traditional popular models based on the least squares method. The work relies on Rosstat data for 100 agricultural fields located in municipalities of 43 regions of Russia, selected in proportion to the volume of crop production in this region. The results of this study are of interest to international and Russian organizations of various levels, whose activities are related to the issues of making managerial decisions aimed at ensuring food security of the country, improving the level and quality of life of the population, as well as organizations designed to provide modern conditions for farming on the ground.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Sektor Pertanian Sumatera Barat

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Vermana ◽  
Mahdi Mahdi ◽  
Rusda Khairati
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Service Sectors

Agricultural sector plays important role in West Sumatra’s economy. The sector contributes significantly to income, employment, foreign exchange, and tax revenue. It also supplies raw materials for industry and service sectors that lead to larger spread effect to the economic development of the province. However, West Sumatra has been facing slower growth of its agriculture production for last two decades. Has this sector already reached its peak production? To answer this question, in this study, we examine the factors for agricultural production of West Sumatra by applying Cobb-Douglas model that hypothesizes labor, investment in agriculture and land as the factors. By analyzing the data from 2000-2016, we found that the model could explain these factors for West Sumatra agricultural production as R-square of the model is 71.3%. Agricultural land is the only factor that is positively significant for the production, while both labor and investment are not. The findings signalize that West Sumatra agricultural sector almost reach the peak production within the current stage of technology and human resources. With limitation of land for agricultural expansion, West Sumatra needs to strictly prohibit agricultural land conversion, to improve human resources and to change the agricultural technologies for further agricultural development.

DISSEMINATION AND USE OF INFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF FARMERS IN MALUGA AND CHIBELA VILLAGES IN SEMI-ARID CENTRAL TANZANIA

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Elia ◽  
Stephen Mutula ◽  
Christine Stilwell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Semi Arid

This study was part of broader PhD research which investigated how access to, and use of, information enhances adaptation to climate change and variability in the agricultural sector in semi-arid Central Tanzania. The research was carried out in two villages using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations theory and model to assess the dissemination of this information and its use by farmers in their adaptation of their farming practices to climate change and variability. This predominantly qualitative study employed a post-positivist paradigm. Some elements of a quantitative approach were also deployed in the data collection and analysis. The principal data collection methods were interviews and focus group discussions. The study population comprised farmers, agricultural extension officers and the Climate Change Adaptation in Africa project manager. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis whereas quantitative data were analysed to generate mostly descriptive statistics using SPSS.  Key findings of the study show that farmers perceive a problem in the dissemination and use of climate information for agricultural development. They found access to agricultural inputs to be expensive, unreliable and untimely. To mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and variability on farming effectively, the study recommends the repackaging of current and accurate information on climate change and variability, farmer education and training, and collaboration between researchers, meteorology experts, and extension officers and farmers. Moreover, a clear policy framework for disseminating information related to climate change and variability is required.

Political Economy of Land Tax in Pakistan

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-853
Author(s):  
Sarfraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Finance Development ◽  
Equity And Efficiency ◽  
Formed Part

Taxation of the agricultural sector is a major instrument for mobilization of the surplus to finance development projects within the agricultural sector and/or the rest of the economy. For many years, the need for a heavier taxation of agricultural land has formed part of the conventional wisdom regarding the ways of extracting agricultural surplus and increasing the tempo of agricultural development in poor countries. Land taxes have both equity and efficiency properties that gladden the hearts of both economists and vocal politicians belonging to urban areas. Taxes on land promote efficiency in the allocation of scarce resources by creating incentives for farmers to increase their effort and reduce their consumption, thus expanding the amount of agricultural produce available to the non-agricultural sectors of the economy. A tax on land has an important redistributive function because its incidence falls squarely on the landlord and is shifted neither forward to consumers nor backwards to suppliers of agricultural inputs; nor does it introduce distortions in the allocation of productive resources.

Peranan Sektor Pertanian dalam Perekonomian Kabupaten Manokwari

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunto Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Plantation Crops ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

<em>The agricultural sector</em><em> is a strategic sector in Manokwari regency. The agricultural sector provides a major contribution in the regional economy, an economic base of rural people, dominate the life of most residents in this region and provider of food and raw materials for other sectors. The purpose of this study was to determine how big the contribution of different sub-sectors that exist in the agricultural sector, which analyzes sectors influential in changing the economic structure of agriculture in the area and know the potential commodities that can be developed in an effort to enhance the role of the agricultural sector. The research method used through literature study and analysis of secondary data sourced from the relevant authorities. To find out how big the factors that influence changes in economic structures of domination of the agricultural sector into non-agricultural sector estimates used Ordinary Least Square (OLS). For the determination of the potential commodities that can be seeded used method approach Location Quotient (LQ). The results showed the greatest contribution of the different sub-sectors within the agricultural sector contained in the food crops sub-sector. Based on the rate of growth per year, plantation crops sub-sector occupied the highest positions. The sectors that provide real impact on the agricultural sector's contribution to the regional gross domestic product �of the building sector and services sector. Potential commodities that can be developed in different areas in Manokwari regency include food crops and pulses, vegetables and fruits and livestock including cows, goats, pigs and chicken.</em>

Solid Waste Management on Romanian Households

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2941-2947
Author(s):  
George Ungureanu ◽  
Gabriela Ignat ◽  
elena Leonte ◽  
Carmen Luiza Costuleanu ◽  
Nicoleta Stanciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Factors Affecting

The problem associated with the household behavior on solid waste disposal site in today�s society is complex because of the large quantity and diverse nature of the wastes. Due increase the population, rapid development, global agricultural development has moved rapidly, limitations of financing, emerging limitations of both energy and raw materials and also add to the complexity of any waste management system, large quantities of wastes are being generated in different forms such as solid, liquid and gases. This research explored factors affecting the level of participation in solid waste segregation and recycling of households in Romania, as well as examining current Romania households waste management practices and their knowledge of waste management. This study investigated the solid waste situation and the organization of solid waste management in both urban and rural settings from the perspective of households. Solid waste management is a key component of public services which needs to serve the urban and rural municipalities in an efficient way in order to maintain a decent standard of public health.

Research of pneumatic conveyor for overloading of fuel pellets

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
N. Spodyniuk ◽  
◽  
L. Horbachenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fuel Pellets ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Loading And Unloading

The constant development of the country's agricultural sector allows the production of biofuels, such as fuel pellets, from agricultural waste - straw, corn and sunflower husks. However, the transportation of fuel pellets is quite energy consuming. The process of loading and unloading, transportation over long distances requires complex mechanized equipment. The use of a pneumatic conveyor for grain reloading will allow to provide high-quality transportation of fuel pellets. The aim of the article was to investigate the operation of the pneumatic conveyor for overloading fuel pellets, to determine the optimal indicators that affect the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor. Since fuel pellets, as raw materials, are structurally similar to cereals, a study of the pneumatic grain conveyor PTZ-25 was conducted. The dependence of the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor on the lifting height h, m and the length of the pipelines L, m was obtained. The obtained results showed that by reducing the length of the pipelines by four times and the lifting height by half, the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor will increase by 1.15 times. Key words: fuel pellets, pneumatic conveyor, productivity

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