scholarly journals Aliphatic Hydrocarbon Profile of Crude-oil Degraded by Bacteria Isolates from Bitumen-polluted Surface Water from Agbabu, Ondo State

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 879-886
Author(s):  
Olowomofe Olowomofe ◽  
Temitayo O ◽  
Oluyege J.O. ◽  
B.I Aderiye ◽  
O.A Oluwole
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrocarbon Profile ◽  
Ondo State

scholarly journals CYP63A2, a Catalytically Versatile Fungal P450 Monooxygenase Capable of Oxidizing Higher-Molecular-Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Alkylphenols, and Alkanes

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 2692-2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khajamohiddin Syed ◽  
Aleksey Porollo ◽  
Ying Wai Lam ◽  
Paul E. Grimmett ◽  
Jagjit S. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Ligand Docking ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Long Chain

ABSTRACTCytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are known to oxidize hydrocarbons, albeit with limited substrate specificity across classes of these compounds. Here we report a P450 monooxygenase (CYP63A2) from the model ligninolytic white rot fungusPhanerochaete chrysosporiumthat was found to possess a broad oxidizing capability toward structurally diverse hydrocarbons belonging to mutagenic/carcinogenic fused-ring higher-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs), endocrine-disrupting long-chain alkylphenols (APs), and crude oil aliphatic hydrocarbonn-alkanes. A homology-based three-dimensional (3D) model revealed the presence of an extraordinarily large active-site cavity in CYP63A2 compared to the mammalian PAH-oxidizing (CYP3A4, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1) and bacterial aliphatic-hydrocarbon-oxidizing (CYP101D and CYP102A1) P450s. This structural feature in conjunction with ligand docking simulations suggested potential versatility of the enzyme. Experimental characterization using recombinantly expressed CYP63A2 revealed its ability to oxidize HMW-PAHs of various ring sizes, including 4 rings (pyrene and fluoranthene), 5 rings [benzo(a)pyrene], and 6 rings [benzo(ghi)perylene], with the highest enzymatic activity being toward the 5-ring PAH followed by the 4-ring and 6-ring PAHs, in that order. Recombinant CYP63A2 activity yielded monohydroxylated PAH metabolites. The enzyme was found to also act as an alkane ω-hydroxylase that oxidizedn-alkanes with various chain lengths (C9to C12and C15to C19), as well as alkyl side chains (C3to C9) in alkylphenols (APs). CYP63A2 showed preferential oxidation of long-chain APs and alkanes. To our knowledge, this is the first P450 identified from any of the biological kingdoms that possesses such broad substrate specificity toward structurally diverse xenobiotics (PAHs, APs, and alkanes), making it a potent enzyme biocatalyst candidate to handle mixed pollution (e.g., crude oil spills).

scholarly journals Physico-Chemistry of Surface Water Impacted by Crude Oil Spills in Bodo/Bonny Rivers, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
David N. Ogbonna ◽  
Sebastine A. Ngah ◽  
Patrick O. Youdeowei ◽  
Matthew E. Origbe
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
River Water ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Fish Pond ◽  
Physico Chemical

The surface water resources of Bodo/Bonny communities in Rivers State suffers regular pollution of its ecosystem due to increase in crude oil exploration, refining and activities of other industrial establishments operating within the coastal areas of the Ogoniland of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.  This have resulted in the wide scale contamination of most of its creeks, swamps and rivers with hydrocarbons and dispersant products resulting in the alteration of the ecological integrity of fragile aquatic systems, bioaccumulation of chemical contaminants by zoobenthos, sediment enrichment, and smothering or asphyxiation of the organisms in water by oil coating, thereby causing death. These conditions have resulted in serious threat to public health and the ecosystems. The study was aimed at determining the physico-chemical characteristics of Bodo/Bonny coastal waters impacted by crude oil spills and their effect on the marine ecosystems. Surface water was collected from 5 stations (BBW1, BBW2, BBW3, BBW4 and LFPW5) with LFPW5 serving as control. Physico-chemical parameters were investigated following standard methods. The results of the physicochemical characteristics of the various sampling points in the dry season showed that pH, TDS and Electrical conductivity values showed statistically significant differences at   P < 0.005. pH was slightly acidic in all sampling locations except for the Link fish pond, the values ranged from 6.20–6.40 which was below DPR Limit of 6.5-8.5 for potable water, TDS recorded 43175–57075 mg/L above DPR permissible Limit of 5000mg/L. Electrical Conductivity (EC) values ranged from 54050 -57050 µS/cm. The Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand, Turbidity, Chloride recorded in this study varied significantly at P< 0.05. Results of the physicochemical parameters of surface water in the wet season fell within the standard limits except for the conductivity that was above the permissible limits. Comparatively the mean pH value of surface river water with Linked fish pond water which served as the control revealed that the Link fish pond water had the highest pH value of 7.9 than the surface river water samples with a pH of 6.4, TDS (60,200 mg/L), Electrical Conductivity (EC) (µS/cm3) followed a similar pattern with the mean EC value of 55,800 mg/L as against 750mg/L for the Link Fish pond water. Temperature recorded 310C as against 300C for the link fish pond while the Salinity (mg/L) of the surface river water was 31.63 mg/L. Dissolved Oxygen was  2.3 mg/L, Biochemical Oxygen Demand values for the surface river water was 0.49 mg/L while the Link fish pond water had 0.3mg/L. These values obtained in this study shows that the spilled oil in the water could impact on species abundance and biomass by depleting and depriving the fishes from available O2 for survival thus resulting in asphyxiation.

scholarly journals Microaerobic conditions caused the overwhelming dominance of Acinetobacter spp. and the marginalization of Rhodococcus spp. in diesel fuel/crude oil mixture-amended enrichment cultures

2019 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fruzsina Révész ◽  
Perla Abigail Figueroa-Gonzalez ◽  
Alexander J. Probst ◽  
Balázs Kriszt ◽  
Sinchan Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Subsurface Environments ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Microaerobic Conditions ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract The aim of the present study was to reveal how different microbial communities evolve in diesel fuel/crude oil-contaminated environments under aerobic and microaerobic conditions. To investigate this question, aerobic and microaerobic bacterial enrichments amended with a diesel fuel/crude oil mixture were established and analysed. The representative aerobic enrichment community was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (64.5%) with high an abundance of Betaproteobacteriales (36.5%), followed by Alphaproteobacteria (8.7%), Actinobacteria (5.6%), and Candidatus Saccharibacteria (4.5%). The most abundant alkane monooxygenase (alkB) genotypes in this enrichment could be linked to members of the genus Rhodococcus and to a novel Gammaproteobacterium, for which we generated a high-quality draft genome using genome-resolved metagenomics of the enrichment culture. Contrarily, in the microaerobic enrichment, Gammaproteobacteria (99%) overwhelmingly dominated the microbial community with a high abundance of the genera Acinetobacter (66.3%), Pseudomonas (11%) and Acidovorax (11%). Under microaerobic conditions, the vast majority of alkB gene sequences could be linked to Pseudomonas veronii. Consequently, results shed light on the fact that the excellent aliphatic hydrocarbon degrading Rhodococcus species favour clear aerobic conditions, while oxygen-limited conditions can facilitate the high abundance of Acinetobacter species in aliphatic hydrocarbon-contaminated subsurface environments.

scholarly journals Correlation and Partitioning of Some Heavy Metals in Aquatic Media Around a Make Shift Crude Oil Refining Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Howard Ibigoni Clinton ◽  
Abiodun Iyabode Khadijat
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Water Columns ◽  
The Media ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Rivers State

The major aim of the present study was to evaluate the concentration levels of some heavy metals and their relationships between the bottom sediments, its overlaying (bottom) water and the surface water of the study area in Andoni local Government of Rivers State, Nigeria (Long.7° 20' 48.639''E and Lat.4 29 20.169N) using standard methods of analysis. The mean result showed variation patterns (P<0.05) of the metals in each of the medium as - surface water – Mg>N=Cu=Zn>Pb=Cd>V; bottom water – Mg>Cu>Ni=Zn>Pb=Cd>V and bottom sediments – Mg=Zn>Pb>Cd>Cu=Ni>V, while that of the media for each metal is Sediment >> Bottom water=Surface water. The sediments of the study area had more positive significant correlations among metal pairs than others indicating that metals were more bound to the sediments than in the water columns. V-Cd, V-Pb and V-Ni showed significant positive correlations in the water columns indicating that their input sources may likely be the same, which could have been from petroleum related activities. The level of contamination of the study area is relatively high when compared to related studies within and outside the region. It is therefore recommended that the activities of this make-shift refining of crude oil in the area should be stopped by the relevant regulatory agencies and also further studies on other media should be carried out.

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