scholarly journals Socio-Economic Situation of Kosovan Migrants before and after Migration

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3001-3009
Author(s):  
Besim Gollopeni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Before And After

In the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century, Kosovan society faced numerous social, economic, and political problems. These problems became the main cause of the high rate of migration. Many citizens, especially young people, were forced to migrate to European countries and beyond in the absence of prospects in Kosovo. Unemployed and employed people migrated in search of a better life. Migration from Kosovo continues to be high to this day. Countries like Germany began issuing work visas to Kosovans after 2005, leading many young people to migrate to Germany. To understand the situation of Kosovan migrants before and after migration, the study (N = 350) aimed to investigate the situation of unemployment, employment, and satisfaction with pre - and post-migration earnings. The results show that around 75% of Kosovan migrants were unemployed before migrating and about 50% of those who were employed had low monthly incomes (up to 200 euros), while in the host society this situation has changed positively. The results indicate that, after the migration to the host society, about 85 % of Kosovan migrants are employed, over 50% have high incomes (around 2000 euros), and about one-third have changed their post-migration occupation.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
The World ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Priority Action

The aim of the Introduction is to prepare readers for what may constitute a new approach to working with young people—that of social pedagogy. We briefly outline how it appeared in Europe and how it spread to other countries in the 20th Century and to the rest of the world at the beginning of the 21st Century. Its current situation shows that it is growing up around the world. Social pedagogy has always maintained that it works with people, groups, and communities throughout their life stages. However, working with children and young people has always been one of its priority action areas. We also analyze the main professions in which Social pedagogy is embodied in different sociocultural contexts: social pedagogy, social education, and social work. Although we choose a specific type of relationship between these professions, it must be said that currently, this remains an open question that has been answered in different ways in countries with distinct academic traditions. The last part of the introduction presents the structure of the book and a brief summary of each of their chapters.

scholarly journals SOURCE IN THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF MALAYSIA RELATING TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF BRITISH MALAYA IN BETWEEN 1786-1957

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Zaidin Mohd Noor ◽  
Khairi Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Complete Collection ◽  
British Military ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Compass System

This paper aims at the archival sources from the interval the British administered Malaya ranging from the year 1786 to 1957 kept in the National Archives of Malaysia (NAM). The British Administration records were the biggest and virtually complete collection found in NAM and the most popular among researchers who perform the study relating to social, economic, and political in Malaya from the 18th to 20th century. These records shrouded vast of major historical events that happen in Malaya either before and after independence. During the British Malaya epoch, there are as many as 958 sets of record groups containing as many as 714,634 files and 3,652,691 pieces of attachments preserved in NAM. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the record groups and record descriptions, namely the Selangor State Secretary, the Federal Secretariat, the High Commissioner Office, the Malayan Union, and the British Military Administration. These groups are collections of prime records that shaped the country during the existence of the British administration in Malaya. All metadata of these record groups have been included in the COMPASS System (Computerized Archival System and Services). Although there are various other materials in NAM such as materials during the Portuguese, Dutch, and even Japanese invasions, due to the relatively small amount of material added with language constraints make the materials at that timeless popular among researchers, especially the local researchers.

scholarly journals New receiving countries and the European ‘mobility laboratory’: integration and family reunification aspirations among Ukrainians in Płock

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4 (178)) ◽  
pp. 27-47
Author(s):  
Anne White
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Family Reunification ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Migration Networks ◽  
International Immigration ◽  
The Uk

Poland has recently become a country with net immigration, thanks largely to an influx of labour migrants from all over Ukraine. This begs the question of how similar its experiences will be to those of European countries which made the same migration transition in the 20th century. The article explores how recently-arrived Ukrainians experience life in a medium-sized Polish city, Płock, which has itself only recently achieved net international immigration. I argue that one should not overplay Poland’s status as a new receiving country, differentiating it from established receiving countries such as the UK. In fact, there are many parallels between the experiences of migrants in the UK and Poland, primarily linked to 21st century opportunities to establish dynamic transnational migration networks. All receiving countries need to adjust to this unexpected situation. For the Ukrainian factory workers interviewed in this study, its most important aspect is that the majority aspire to bring their families to Poland – just as Polish families rapidly reunited abroad in the aftermath of Poland’s EU accession.

scholarly journals EM BUSCA DOS SENTIDOS DA EDUCAÇÃO: REFLEXÕES SOBRE A TENDÊNCIA TECNICISTA NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS NO BRASIL NA HISTÓRIA RECENTE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Adálcio Carvalho de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Economic System ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Neoliberal Capitalism ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Legal Frameworks

<p>O presente trabalho reflete sobre os sentidos que a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) tem tomado – ou mantido – no contexto socioeconômico da última década do século XX a meados da segunda década do século XXI. Por meio da revisão bibliográfica de autores que discutem a temática, apresenta discussões dos marcos legais e de alguns programas governamentais para a modalidade de ensino, procurando entender como o sistema econômico vigente (capitalismo neoliberal) influenciou e influencia o modelo educacional proposto e oferecido à EJA. Retoma alguns dos posicionamentos freireanos sobre a Educação de Adultos, como sua crítica à educação meramente tecnicista, destacando a prática educativa promotora de mudanças, capaz de dialogar e suscitar novos modelos de agir e interagir na sociedade.</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>This paper reflects on the ways that the Education of Young People and Adults (EYPA) has been taking – or keeping – in a socio-economical context from the last decade of the 20th century to the early 21st century. By means of a literature review, this paper discusses legal frameworks and governments programs for this type of education seeking to understand how the current economic system (neoliberal capitalism) has had and still has an affect on the EYPA’s proposed model of education. It also retraces some of Freire’s inferences about the Education of Adults, such as the criticism to the merely technical education; highlighting the education as a promoter of changes which interacts and constructs new manners of thinking and relating to society.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Senses of Education. Redemocratization. Neoliberal capitalism. Education of Young People and Adults. EYPA’s technical trends.</p>

“Band Wagon and Gravy Train”: uses and abuses along the Silk Road

Afghanistan ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-194
Author(s):  
Warwick Ball
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Ancient Trade ◽  
International Image ◽  
Academic Discussion ◽  
The Silk Road

The Silk Road as an image is a relatively new one for Afghanistan. It appeals to both the pre-Islamic and the perceived Islamic past, thus offering an Islamic balance to previous identities linked to Bamiyan or to the Kushans. It also appeals to a broader and more international image, one that has been taken up by many other countries. This paper traces the rise of the image of the Silk Road and its use as a metaphor for ancient trade to encompass all contacts throughout Eurasia, prehistoric, ancient and modern, but also how the image has been adopted and expanded into many other areas: politics, tourism and academia. It is argued here that the origin and popularity of the term lies in late 20th century (and increasingly 21st century) politics rather than any reality of ancient trade. Its consequent validity as a metaphor in academic discussion is questioned

Desecularization as Phenomenon at the Turn of 21st Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Sergey V.  Lebedev ◽  
Galina N.  Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
Rational Alternative ◽  
Role Of Religion

In the article the authors note that since the 1970s, with the rise of the Islamic movement and the Islamic revolution in Iran, philosophers and political scientists started to talk about religious renaissance in many regions of the world. In addition, the point at issue is the growing role of religion in society, including European countries that have long ago gone through the process of secularization. The reasons for this phenomenon, regardless of its name, are diverse, but understandable: secular ideologies of the last century failed to explain the existing social problems and give them a rational alternative.

The role of science in the study of and response to space threats

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-799
Author(s):  
B. M. Shustov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
The Sun ◽  
National Program ◽  
Biological Hazard ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Space Activities

During the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, space hazards multiplied, the most urgent of which is space debris. Professionals working in space are exposed to this hazard daily and are aware of it as a problem. Furthermore, increasing attention is being paid to the unpredictable behavior of the Sun, which produces the so-called space weather. The asteroid-comet hazard is considered as potentially having the most catastrophic consequences. No manifestations of biological hazard have yet been observed, although as space activities develop, it is becoming increasingly important. The appropriate time scale for astrophysical hazards is many millions of years, so from a practical perspective, they have no importance. This article briefly describes the main types of space hazards. The author analyzes the results of research and practical work in the field, both worldwide and specifically in Russia. Comparative analysis leads to the clear conclusion that a national program must be developed for the study of space hazards and to respond to space threats. This article is based on a report made by the author at the meeting of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) on January 15, 2019.

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