Novel long-acting and extended-release formulations of antipsychotic drugs

2012 ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
Larry Alphs
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Extended Release Formulations

ADHD and Nicotine: Implications for Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
H. Caci
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Good Tolerance ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Extended Release Formulations ◽  
Normal Controls

It is now acknowledged that Attention-deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADHD) is not limited to children or adolescents. Regardless of culture, up to 4% of the adults in the general population might be diagnosed with ADHD, a disorder often accompanied by comorbid psychiatric disorders. Among those is Substance Abuse including cigarette smoking. Indeed, ADHD patients tend to start with drugs earlier than normal controls. Pharmacological treatments of ADHD chiefly encompass amphetamine salts, methylphenidate and atomoxetine with a good tolerance and effectiveness. These treatments are even better tolerated now that long-acting, extended-release formulations and transdermal delivery systems become available. But it is likely that some patients will still not respond, especially when comorbid disorders are associated. Other agents are being tested as future pharmacotherapies of ADHD. Here we propose a review of the literature concerned with the relationships between cigarette smoking and ADHD in adolescent and adult patients, and an overview of the future pharmacotherapies of ADHD related with nicotine receptor agonists.

scholarly journals Risperidone for Extended-Release Injectable Suspension (Perseris)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimbursement Team
Keyword(s):  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Monthly Dose ◽  
Public Drug

CADTH recommends that Perseris should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults if certain conditions are met. Perseris should be covered by public drug plans in a similar manner to other long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of adults with schizophrenia. Perseris should only be reimbursed if the total monthly dose is not more than 120 mg and is not used in combination with other long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs. Perseris should not cost more than other long-acting injectable (LAI) atypical antipsychotic drugs.

Formulation and In vitro Release Characterization of Metoprolol Succinate Extended Release Tablets

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1537-1543
Author(s):  
Sakthikumar T ◽  
Rajendran N N ◽  
Natarajan R
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Metoprolol Succinate ◽  
Extended Release Formulations ◽  
Vitro Release

The present study was aimed to develop an extended release tablet of metoprolol Succinate for the treatment of hypertension.  Four extended release formulations F1-F4 were developed using varying proportions of hydroxylpropyl-methylcellulose K100M, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose and Eudragit L30 D55 by wet granulation. Five extended release formulations F5-F9 containing HPMC K100M and HPMC 5 cps in varying concentration were developed by direct compression. The physicochemical and in vitro release characteristics of all the formulations were investigated and compared. Two formulations, F7 and F8 have shown not more 25% drug release  in 1st h, 20%-40% drug release at 4th hour, 40%-60% drug release at 8th hour and not less than 80% at 20th hour and the release pattern conform with USP specification for 24 hours extended release formulation. It can be conclusively stated that optimum concentration of HPMC K100M (58%-65%) by direct compression method can yield an extended release of metoprolol succinate for 24 hours.

The Novel Antipsychotic Drug Cariprazine and Cognition Enhancing Drugs: Indications for Their Use as an Add-on Therapy in Schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix-Martin Werner ◽  
Rafael Coveñas
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Novel Antipsychotic

Background: Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder are treated with antipsychotic drugs. Some patients show treatment-resistant forms of psychotic disorders and, in this case, they can be treated with clozapine. In these patients and based on previous reviews on novel antipsychotic drugs, it is important to know whether an add-on therapy with new drugs can ameliorate the positive and negative schizophrenic scale (PANSS) total score. Objective: The aim of this review is to suggest an appropriate treatment for patients with treatment-resistant forms of psychotic disorders. A combination of current available antipsychotic drugs with novel antipsychotic or modulating drugs might improve negative schizophrenic symptoms and cognitive function and thereby social functioning and quality of life. Results: The mechanisms of action, the therapeutic effects and the pharmacokinetic profiles of novel antipsychotic drugs such as cariprazine, brexipiprazole and lumateperone are up-dated. Published case reports of patients with treatmentresistant psychoses are also discussed. These patients were treated with clozapine but a high PANSS total score was observed. Only an add-on therapy with cariprazine improved the score and, above all, negative schizophrenic symptoms and cognitive functions. To ensure a constant antipsychotic drug concentration, long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs may be a choice for a maintenance therapy in schizophrenia. New modulating drugs, such as receptor positive allosteric modulators (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; subtype 5 of the metabotropic glutamatergic receptor) and encenicline, an alpha7 nicotinic cholinergic receptor agonist, are being investigated in preclinical and clinical trials. Conclusion: In clinical trials, patients with treatment-resistant forms of psychosis should be examined to know whether a combination therapy with clozapine and a novel antipsychotic drug can ameliorate the PANSS total score. In schizophrenia, long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs are a safe and tolerable maintenance therapy. In further clinical studies, it should be investigated whether patients with treatment-resistant forms of psychoses can improve negative schizophrenic symptoms and cognitive functions by an add-on therapy with cognition enhancing drugs.

Comparative study of extended release albuterol sulfate and long-acting inhaled salmeterol xinafoate in the treatment of nocturnal asthma

1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Martin ◽  
Monica Kraft ◽  
Wilfred N. Beaucher ◽  
Frederic Kiechel ◽  
James L. Sublett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Nocturnal Asthma ◽  
Salmeterol Xinafoate ◽  
Albuterol Sulfate ◽  
Long Acting

scholarly journals First-generation versus second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs and time to relapse

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 333-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Stone ◽  
Simon Roux ◽  
David Taylor ◽  
Paul D. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Patient Acceptability ◽  
Inpatient Ward ◽  
Medication Discontinuation ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Time To Relapse

Background: The development of long-acting injectable formulations (LAIs) of second-generation antipsychotic drugs (SGAs) has been suggested as having advantage over first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) LAIs. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that there was a longer time to relapse in patients with schizophrenia started on SGA LAI versus FGA LAI. Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who were started on an SGA LAI while on an inpatient ward were identified through searching of the anonymised historical medical records at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. Patients starting FGA LAIs matched for diagnosis, age and date of hospital admission were identified. Time to readmission, discontinuation of LAI or death were identified. Kaplan–Meier plots were generated for each group, and the difference between groups analysed using log-rank methods. Results: There were 157 patients identified in each group. There was no difference in time to readmission, medication discontinuation or death in patients on SGA LAI versus FGA LAI. Conclusions: We found no evidence of advantage in terms of maintaining response in SGA LAI versus FGA LAI. Prescriber choice should be guided by other factors such as side-effect profile, patient acceptability and price.

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