scholarly journals Assessment of Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) of Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.,) Peels to Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, and Proteus mirabilis

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Diabetic Ulcers ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Mangosteen peels have antibacterial activity. SNEDDS has many advantages in developing a drug delivery system to increase the penetration of active compounds. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the antibacterial SNEDDS of ethyl acetate fraction from mangosteen peels and ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels without SNEDDS preparation as an antibacterial against Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, and Proteus mirabilis, that cause diabetic ulcers. This research began with maceration. The thick ethanol extracts were continued and fractionation was carried out with ethyl acetate solvents then was formulated into SNEDDS. The measurement of the antibacterial activity with the bacterial growth inhibition parameters of SNEDDS preparations extracted from ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels was compared with ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels without SNEDDS preparation. Data were analyzed using independent sample T-Test. The results showed the SNEDDS preparation of ethyl acetate fraction from mangosteen peel had activity against both types of bacteria causing diabetic ulcers, but it had no activity against Proteus mirabilis. The results of statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in the activity of SNEDDS ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels and ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels without SNEDDS in Eschericia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts and Fractions of Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes Causing Acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sulistiyaningsih Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Dudi Runadi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study is aimed at determining antibacterial activity from ethanol extracts and the most active fraction of cassava leaves against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Research carried out by the experimental method involved determination of plants, extraction with maceration method, fractionation with liquid-liquid extraction, antibacterial activity testing of extracts and fractions by agar diffusion method, determination of most active fraction from the extract, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) testing of most active fraction by microdilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of cassava leaves had antibacterial activity against both bacteria with the most active fraction indicated by ethyl acetate. MIC values of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis were in the concentration range of 2.5%–5.0% (w/v) and against P. acnes were in the concentration range of 1.25%–2.5% (w/v). The MBC value of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis was at a concentration of 5% (w/v), while P. acnes was at a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as on Propionibacterium acnes. The fraction with the best activity from the ethanol extract of cassava leaves to the two test bacteria was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. It is suggested that cassava leaves are possible to be developed into standardized antiacne herbal.

AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANALISIS KLT-BIOAUTOGRAFI DARI FRAKSI DAUN MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L.)

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Ayu Natasya Paputungan ◽  
Widya Astuty Lolo ◽  
Imam Jayanto
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Tlc Bioautography ◽  
Fractionation Method

Mangosteen leaves have flavonoid compounds, tannins, and saponins that can be efficacious as antibacterial. The aim of this study was to determine the fraction of mangosteen leaves having an antibacterial effect and knowing the class of compounds identified as having antibacterial activity after TLC- Bioautography testing was carried out. The samples were extracted using 96% maceratarion method and fractioned using liquid-liquid fractionation method with methanol, n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents, antibacterial activity using agar diffusion method (Kirby and Bauer) with 3 concetrations namely 10%, 20% and 30%. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) uses n-hexane and chloroform solvens. TLC-Bioautography uses contact bioautography methods. The resultd showed that mangosteen leaves in methanol fraction with a concentration of 30% had a very large inhibitory activity again Staphylococcus aureus and ethyl acetate fraction with a concentration of 30% had the gratest antibacterial activity against  Escherichia coli. The results of the TLC- Bioautography study showed that the flavonoids compounds after spraying with AlCl3 and the mangosteen leaf Biosutography test had inhibitory zone activity against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Keywords: Mangosteen Leaves. Antibacterial, TLC Bioautography.  ABSTRAK Daun manggis mempunyai senyawa flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin yang dapat berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fraksi daun manggis memiliki efek antibakteri dan mengetahui golongan senyawa yang teridentifikasi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri setelah dilakukan pengujian KLT Bioautografi. Sampel diektrak dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut 96% dan difraksinasi dengan metode  fraksinasi cair-cair dengan pelarut metanol, n-heksan dan etil asetat, aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar (Kirby and Bauer) dengan 3 kosentrasi yaitu 10%, 20% dan 30%. Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) menggunakan pelarut n-heksan dan klorofom. KLT-Bioautografi menggunakan metode bioautografi kontak. Hasil penelitian menunjukan daun manggis pada fraksi metanol  dengan kosentrasi 30% memiliki aktivitas zona hambat ppaling besar terhadapat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan fraksi etil asetat dengan kosentrasi 30% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling besar terhadap  Escherichia coli. Hasil penelitian KLT-Bioautografi menunjukan golongan senyawa flavonoid setelah disemprotkan dengan AlCl3 dan uji Bioautografi daun manggis memiliki aktivitas zona hambat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Kata kunci : Daun Manggis, Antibakteri, KLT- Bioautografi.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Mucoadhesive Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System of Alginate Beads Containing Turmeric Extract - PVP Solid Dispersion

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. 3868-3873
Author(s):  
Hakim Bangun ◽  
Anayanti Arianto ◽  
Yuni Sari Bangun ◽  
Marline Nainggolan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Turmeric Extract

BACKGROUND: Turmeric extract is less effective because the main ingredient of curcumin has a low solubility. Therefore, it is necessary to convert turmeric extract into a solid dispersion form to increase the dissolution of curcumin. AIM: To determine the antibacterial activity of mucoadhesive gastroretentive drug delivery system of alginate beads containing solid dispersion of turmeric extract. METHODS: Turmeric powder was macerated with 96% ethanol for 8 days. The macerate was evaporated with a rotary evaporator at 50°C to obtain concentrated extract. Solid dispersion of turmeric extract was prepared by solvent method by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30 with a ratio of 1: 1 and 1: 2. The solid dispersion of turmeric extract was encapsulated with alginate gel by gelation method. The antibacterial of alginate beads containing solid dispersion of turmeric extract was tested by using hole agar plate diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as bacterial models. RESULTS: The size of alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion was about 1.3 mm. Antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion gave stronger antibacterial activity than those containing turmeric extract without solid dispersion. The antibacterial activity of alginate beads turmeric extract-PVP (1: 2) solid dispersion was stronger than those containing turmeric-extract (1: 1) solid dispersion. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion gives the stronger antibacterial activity than those containing turmeric extract without solid dispersion.

scholarly journals Preparation and Evaluation of a Niosomal Drug Delivery System Containing Cefazolin and Study of Its Antibacterial Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 638-657
Author(s):  
Aatiyeh Shirvany ◽  
Ali Hossein Rezayan ◽  
Hale Alvandi ◽  
Mohammad Barshan Tashnizi ◽  
Hossein Sabahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation

scholarly journals “Design and Synthesis of Some Cyclic Carbohydrates with Norfloxacin as Surface moiety. A Study of Sustained Relax of Drugs”.

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-590
Author(s):  
J. Dhevaraj ◽  
S. Vembu ◽  
S. Pazhamalai ◽  
M. Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Polymeric Structure ◽  
Uv Spectrometry

Biocompatible and biodegradable sustained drug delivery system has been constructed from reaction between norfloxacin and cyclodextrin through secondary amine of piperazine ring and hydroxyl group of the carbohydrate. Covalent bond polymeric structure is designed by the help of chloroacetyl chloride, target dendrimer formed by removing two hydrochloride molecules. The development of cyclodextrin core drug delivery system with twenty one norfloxacin surface moiety has been synthesized by only two steps. The synthesized polymeric structure was thoroughly studied by NMR, FT-IR, MALDI and UV- spectrometry. Sustained release assessment of synthetic polymer studied through different buffer solution by UV spectrometry and norfloxacin releases rate of synthetic polymer was controlled by the concentration and the experimental medium. The microbial assessments through kinetic studies by using Escherichia coli also reveal that the norfloxacin released possesses potential antimicrobial activity. Antibacterial activity of synthesized drug delivery system has been investigated with gram-negative and gram-positive species like Escherichia coli (mtcc 443), bacillus subtilis (mtcc 2063), pseudomonas (mtcc 741), staphylococcus (mtcc 737) and proteus mirabilis (mtcc 425). The hydrophobic and hydrophilic balance and the repeat drug unit of this synthesized system are responsible for effective antibacterial activity. The minimum inhibitor concentration values of this system are very small to 100 µg/mL-1, synthesized compound shown five times improved activity against organism on comparism with standard drug. The in-vitro release of norfloxacin from obtained dendrimer was investigated.

scholarly journals An Innovative Drug Delivery System Loaded with a Modified Combination of Triple Antibiotics for Use in Endodontic Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ardavan Parhizkar ◽  
Hanieh Nojehdehian ◽  
Fahimeh Tabatabaei ◽  
Saeed Asgary
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Innovative Drug ◽  
Root Canal System

The objective of the current study was to introduce “Polylactic co-Glycolic Acid- (PLGA-) Coated Ceramic Microparticles” as an innovative drug delivery system, loaded with a new combination of triple antibiotics (penicillin G, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin (PMC)) for use in endodontic treatments. Ceramic microparticles were made from β-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite and examined by “Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM).” Then, fixed amounts of the selected antibiotics were added to a prepared PLGA solution and stirred thoroughly. Next, the prepared ceramic microparticles were dispersed completely in the drugs solution. The deposited “PMC-loaded PLGA-coated ceramic microspheres (PPCMs)” were dried and incubated in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) for 21 days. The drug release from PPCMs was quantified by a UV spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial activity of PPCMs was investigated using the “Agar Plate Diffusion Test (ADT),” “Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC),” and “Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)” against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a). The cell viability test (MTT) was conducted for cytotoxicity against human gingival fibroblasts. SEM micrographs of PPCMs showed spherical-like ceramic microparticles with smooth surfaces. Crystal-like antibiotic particles (chunks) were also found on PPCMs. Initial burst of antibiotics (31 µg/mL, 160 µg/mL, and 18 µg/mL for ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and penicillin G, respectively, in the first 4 days) followed by gradual and sustained release was observed within a period of 21 days. PPCMs demonstrated pH close to normal physiological environment and antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and A.a in the first 2 days. MTT showed cell viability of more than 70% for PPCMs after 24 h and 72 h of exposure. In conclusion, PPCMs demonstrated satisfactory release of antibiotics, antibacterial activity against the selected microorganisms, and biocompatibility. Thus, PPCMs may be used to deliver modified triple antibiotics to the root canal system for use in endodontic applications.

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