scholarly journals Anti-Tuberculosis Activity of Extract Ethyl Acetate Kenikir Leaves (Cosmos caudatus H.B.K) and Sendok Leaves (Plantago Major L.) By In Vitro Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tatang Irianti ◽  
Sylvia Utami Tanjung Pratiwi ◽  
Kuswandi Kuswandi ◽  
Nanan Tresnaasih ◽  
Dharmastuti Cahya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Retardation Factor ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Cosmos Caudatus ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The increasing therapy problem including multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) has made it important to discover a new anti-TB drug candidate. The aim of this study was to acknowledge the activity of ethyl acetate extracts of kenikir (Cosmos caudatus H.B.K) and sendok (Plantago major L.) leaves against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) H37Rv. This research used Middlebrook (MB) 7H9 media and observed the growth of M. tuberculosis using Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media. The concentration of extracts were 0.25 mg/ml, 0.50 mg/ml, and 1.00 mg/ml. The result of this study showed that ethyl acetate extracts exhibited anti-TB activity in 1000 µg/ml of both extracts. The active compound group was detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the separation of compounds was shown by retardation factor (Rf) and the color of the spots. Based on TLC chromatograms, it is known that there are types of compounds, such as ortho-dihydroxy compounds, phenolic compounds, and compound leads to terpenoids for both extracts.

scholarly journals Free radical-scavenging capacity, antioxidant activity and phenolic content of Pouzolzia zeylanica

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiyuan Li ◽  
Lini Huo ◽  
Wei Su ◽  
Rumei Lu ◽  
Chaocheng Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Pouzolzia zeylanica was extracted with different solvents (acetone, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether), using different protocols (cold-extraction and Soxhlet extraction). To evaluate the antiradical and antioxidant abilities of the extracts, four in vitro test systems were employed, i.e., DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays and a reducing power assay. All extracts exhibited outstanding antioxidant activities that were superior to that of butylated hydroxytoluene. The ethyl acetate extracts exhibited the most significant antioxidant activities, and cold-extraction under stirring seemed to be the more efficacious method for acquiring the predominant antioxidants. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities and total phenolic (TP) content of different extracts followed the same order, i.e., there is a good correlation between antioxidant activities and TP content. The results showed that these extracts, especially the ethyl acetate extracts, could be considered as natural antioxidants and may be useful for curing diseases arising from oxidative deterioration.

scholarly journals In Vitro Newly Isolated Environmental Phage Activity against Biofilms Preformed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Ersilia Vita Fiscarelli ◽  
Martina Rossitto ◽  
Paola Rosati ◽  
Nour Essa ◽  
Valentina Crocetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Hospital Environments ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
General Reliability ◽  
Phage Activity

As disease worsens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) colonizes the lungs, causing pulmonary failure and mortality. Progressively, PA forms typical biofilms, and antibiotic treatments determine multidrug-resistant (MDR) PA strains. To advance new therapies against MDR PA, research has reappraised bacteriophages (phages), viruses naturally infecting bacteria. Because few in vitro studies have tested phages on CF PA biofilms, general reliability remains unclear. This study aimed to test in vitro newly isolated environmental phage activity against PA isolates from patients with CF at Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital (OBG), Rome, Italy. After testing in vitro phage activities, we combined phages with amikacin, meropenem, and tobramycin against CF PA pre-formed biofilms. We also investigated new emerging morphotypes and bacterial regrowth. We obtained 22 newly isolated phages from various environments, including OBG. In about 94% of 32 CF PA isolates tested, these phages showed in vitro PA lysis. Despite poor efficacy against chronic CF PA, five selected-lytic-phages (Φ4_ZP1, Φ9_ZP2, Φ14_OBG, Φ17_OBG, and Φ19_OBG) showed wide host activity. The Φ4_ZP1-meropenem and Φ14_OBG-tobramycin combinations significantly reduced CF PA biofilms (p < 0.001). To advance potential combined phage-antibiotic therapy, we envisage further in vitro test combinations with newly isolated phages, including those from hospital environments, against CF PA biofilms from early and chronic infections.

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity Metaplexis Japonica Makino Extract and Derivatives

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 387-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Antioxidant activities of acetone and ethyl acetate extracts from Metaplexis japonica Makino, one of famous medicine plants in the eastnorth region of China, named luomo in Chinese, were examined by a DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging assay and a β-carotene-linoleic acid test. In DPPH, the antioxidant activity of the acetone extracts, ethyl acetate extracts and derivative were IC50 were 313.21, 266.92 and 118.78μg/mL, respectively. In the β-carotene-linoleic acid test, IC50 were 285.09, 351.57 and 123.89μg/mL. It was concluded that Metaplexis japonica Makino and its derivatives might be a potential natural source of antioxidants .

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant stress properties of methanol acetate and ethyl extracts of Tirmania Nivea and Tirmania Pinoyi

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4814-4820
Author(s):  
Houda Attjioui ◽  
Hamadoun Abba Touré ◽  
Amine Cheikh ◽  
Hafid Mefetah ◽  
Mustapha Draoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Antioxidant Stress ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

For thousands of years, truffles have been used as essential foods in different cultures around the world because of their rich nutritional value and their pleasant and characteristic smell. We have studied the effect of truffles (Tirmania Nivea and Tirmania Pinoyi) extracts on the antioxidant stress properties issued from the Moroccan desert. Antioxidant and anti-free radical activities were studied using three analytical methods: trapping capacity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, phosphomolybdate, and reducing ferric antioxidant capacity; in addition, phenol and flavonoid levels were measured. The results of the FRAP, DPPH and PPM tests of T. Nivea were respectively 4.112±0.217, 0.142±0.006, 2.235±0.110 mg/mL for methanols and 3.424±0.034, 0.137±0.025, 0.858±0.010 mg/mL for ethyl acetate extracts. The results of the tests of T. pinoyi were respectively 3.670±0.572, 0.102±0.004, 0.907±0.014 mg/mL for methanols and 3.404±0.096, 0.080±0.003, 0.693±0.057 mg/mL for ethyl acetate extracts. For this work, we propose a valorization of the Moroccan truffle in the prevention of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF INHIBITORY ACTIVITY AGAINST THE α-GLUCOSIDASE ENZYMES IN THE EXTRACTS AND FRACTIONS FROM LEAVES OF THE GARCINIA KYDIA ROXBURGH

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Septiani Martha ◽  
Berna Elya ◽  
Muhammad Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Percent Inhibition ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Microplate Reader ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Objective : Garcinia kydia Roxb. is aspecies of the genus Garcinia, is based chemotaxonomic has various bioactive compounds that have been isolated by a variety of pharmacological activities, one of the activities that are being developed that inhibition of         α-glucosidase. However, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in the extracts and fraction from leaves of the Garcinia kydia Roxb. has not been reported. In this study, seeks to evaluated of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity against extracts and fractions of potentially.Methods : The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity test, conducted by in-vitro using the enzymatic reaction is measured of quantity with a microplate reader and identify the compound from the active fraction with normal-phase thin layer chromatography.Results : The ethyl acetate and methanol extract have the potential to inhibit the α-glucosidase with the percent inhibition at a concentration of 500μg/mL of 83 and 59%, respectively. The active fraction of the ethyl acetate extracts (FEA8) with percent inhibition at concentrations of 100 mg/mL and IC50 values of 80% and 2,79μg/mL, respectively and active fraction of the methanol extracts (FMT3) with percent inhibition at concentrations of 100 mg/mL and IC50 values of 71% and 8,43 μg/mL, respectively.Conclusion: Garcinia kydia Roxb. evident has the potential to inhibit the α-glucosidase. Flavonoid and phenolic compounds that suspected of acts as α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Thus, the research will continue the process of isolating the active compound so that it can be developed as natural therapeutic agents in the control of glucose.

scholarly journals In VitroActivity of AZD5847 against Geographically Diverse Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 4222-4223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Werngren ◽  
Maria Wijkander ◽  
Nasrin Perskvist ◽  
V. Balasubramanian ◽  
Vasan K. Sambandamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Lung Biopsies

ABSTRACTThe MIC of the novel antituberculosis (anti-TB) drug AZD5847 was determined against 146 clinical isolates from diverse geographical regions, including eastern Europe, North America, Africa, and Asia, using the automated Bactec Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 system. These isolates originated from specimen sources such as sputum, bronchial alveolar lavage fluid, pleural fluid, abscess material, lung biopsies, and feces. The overall MIC90was 1.0 mg/liter (range, 0.125 to 4 mg/liter). The MICs of AZD5847 for isolates ofMycobacterium tuberculosiswere similar among drug-sensitive strains, multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains. The goodin vitroactivity of AZD5847 againstM. tuberculosisand the lack of cross-resistance make this agent a promising anti-TB drug candidate.

scholarly journals Curcumin Analogues as a Potential Drug against Antibiotic Resistant Protein, β-Lactamases and L, D-Transpeptidases Involved in Toxin Secretion in Salmonella typhi: A Computational Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-100
Author(s):  
Tanzina Akter ◽  
Mahim Chakma ◽  
Afsana Yeasmin Tanzina ◽  
Meheadi Hasan Rumi ◽  
Mst. Sharmin Sultana Shimu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Homology Modeling ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Curcumin Analogs

Typhoid fever caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi gained resistance through multidrug-resistant S. typhi strains. One of the reasons behind β-lactam antibiotic resistance is -lactamase. L, D-Transpeptidases is responsible for typhoid fever as it is involved in toxin release that results in typhoid fever in humans. A molecular modeling study of these targeted proteins was carried out by various methods, such as homology modeling, active site prediction, prediction of disease-causing regions, and by analyzing the potential inhibitory activities of curcumin analogs by targeting these proteins to overcome the antibiotic resistance. The five potent drug candidate compounds were identified to be natural ligands that can inhibit those enzymes compared to controls in our research. The binding affinity of both the Go-Y032 and NSC-43319 were found against β-lactamase was −7.8 Kcal/mol in AutoDock, whereas, in SwissDock, the binding energy was −8.15 and −8.04 Kcal/mol, respectively. On the other hand, the Cyclovalone and NSC-43319 had an equal energy of −7.60 Kcal/mol in AutoDock, whereas −7.90 and −8.01 Kcal/mol in SwissDock against L, D-Transpeptidases. After the identification of proteins, the determination of primary and secondary structures, as well as the gene producing area and homology modeling, was accomplished. The screened drug candidates were further evaluated in ADMET, and pharmacological properties along with positive drug-likeness properties were observed for these ligand molecules. However, further in vitro and in vivo experiments are required to validate these in silico data to develop novel therapeutics against antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Effects of different extracts of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino on apoptosis of A549 cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1653-1659
Author(s):  
Haifeng Zhang ◽  
Ziying Zhang ◽  
Hua Du ◽  
Xiaoli Su ◽  
Xiaorong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Cremastra Appendiculata ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Purpose: To investigate the effect of different extracts of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino onapoptosis of A549 cells, and the underlying mechanism.Methods: The contents of colchicine in ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of Cremastra appendiculata(D. Don) Makino were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lung cancerA549 cells cultured in vitro were divided into blank control, standard colchicine and Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino extract groups. The effect of different extract concentrations on proliferation of the cells was determined using methyl thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay, while apoptosis of A549 cells induced by the extracts was evaluated by flow cytometry (FC).Results: Compared with the standard colchicine group, there was no colchicine in the n-butanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Cremastra appendiculata. Results from MTT assay showed that the extract inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells (p < 0.05). Flow cytometry results showed that ethyl acetate extract significantly enhanced apoptosis in A549 cells (p < 0.05). However, n-butanol extract had no significant effect on the apoptosis of A549 cells (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The ethyl acetate extract of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino induces apoptosis in lung cancer A549 cells. Therefore, there is a need for further research and development of antitumor drugs from the extract of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino. Keywords: Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino, Colchicine, A549 cells, Apoptosis

scholarly journals <i>In-vitro</i> antibacterial sensitivity of <i>Usnea barbata</i> lichen extracted with methanol and ethyl-acetate against selected <i>Staphylococcus</i> species from milk of cows with mastitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrobowansan Monday Idamokoro ◽  
Patrick Julius Masika ◽  
Voster Muchenje ◽  
Daniel Falta ◽  
Ezekiel Green
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Abstract. This study aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial potential of Usnea barbata lichen as a medicinal plant against selected Staphylococcus species isolated from raw milk of cows. In-vitro screening of methanol and ethyl-acetate extracts from Usnea barbata lichen were evaluated to determine their antimicrobial activity against thirteen different Staphylococcus species. The selected organisms were isolated from raw bovine milk and identified using several biochemical tests and confirmed with API staph kit. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts were evaluated using both the agar well diffusion method (at 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml) and the broth micro-dilution technique to determine the mean zone of inhibition and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), respectively. Both the methanol and ethyl-acetate extracts showed variable antimicrobial activity against the Staphylococcus species with mean zones of inhibition ranging from 0-34 mm in diameter at 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml, respectively. Susceptibility by the Staphylococcus species tested in the methanol and the ethyl-acetate extract was 92.31 % and 53.85 %, respectively. The MIC result for the methanol extract ranged from 0.04 to 10 mg/ml, while that of the ethyl-acetate extract ranged from 0.16 to 5 mg/ml. Results from this study revealed the in vitro microbial activity of Usnea barbata extracts which indicate its potential as a medicinal plant.

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