scholarly journals Perempuan dan Revenge Porn: Konstruksi Sosial Terhadap Perempuan Indonesia dari Preskpektif Viktimologi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Okamaisya Sugiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
Revenge Porn ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Use Of Internet

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan salah satu Kasus Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online (KBGO) yaitu revenge porn dengan melihat 3 aspek. Antara lain bagaimana peranan perempuan sebagai korban dalam terjadinya revenge porn, penyebab kriminalisasi korban dan upaya perlindungan terhadap korban. Pandemi Covid-19 memaksa orang-orang untuk tinggal di dunia maya. Peningkatan jumlah penggunaan teknologi internet tersebut selaras dengan peningkatan kasus Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online (KBGO). Komnas Perempuan mencatat terdapat 97 kasus kekerasan di dunia maya dimana 33% diantata kategori revenge porn. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi dokumentasi. Peneleti menggunakan teori viktimologi dan konstruksi sosial guna mengkaji permasalan yang ada. Ditinjau dari prespektif viktimologi perempuan dalam kasus revenge porn termasuk dalam latent victim. Selain itu tak jarang perempuan dalam kasus revenge porn kerap terkriminalisasi yang disebabkan oleh budaya patriarki yang mengakar kuat dalam masyarakat. Payung hukum yang ada pun juga tak jarang menyebabkan korban terkriminalisasi sehingga dibutuhkan payung hukum baru yang mampu melindungi korban. ===== This study aims to describe one of the cases of online gender based violence (KBGO), namely revenge porn by looking at 3 aspects. Among other things, how is the role of women as victims in the occurrence of revenge porn, the causes of criminalization of victims and efforts to protect victims. The Covid-19 pandemic is forcing people to live in cyberspace. The increase in the use of internet technology is in line with the increase in cases of Online Gender Based Violence (KBGO). Komnas Perempuan noted that there were 97 cases of violence in cyberspace, of which 33% belonged to the revenge porn category. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques of documentation studies. The researcher uses the theory of victimology and social construction to examine the existing problems. From the perspective of victimization, women in the case of revenge porn are included in the latent victim. In addition, it is not uncommon for women in revenge porn cases to be criminalized due to the patriarchal culture that is deeply rooted in society. The existing legal regulation also often causes victims to be criminalized so that a new legal regulation is needed that is able to protect victims.

scholarly journals The Possibility of Using the Internet to Transform the Role of Its Users to Promoters of Medical Products in Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Muhamad Abu-Jalil ◽  
Ashraf Aaqoulah
Keyword(s):  
Internet Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Interactive Communication ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Internet Information ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Use Of Internet

This study aimed to identify the role of Internet technology in transforming the role of its users to promoters of medical products in Jordan. The study found that there are statistically significant effects of independent variables (multipurpose and advanced Internet programs, reduced costs of the use of Internet programs, collective and interactive communication via the Internet, and Internet information abundance and variety of its resources) on the dependent factor, which is transformation of the role of Internet users to promoters of medical products in Jordan. The study recommended increasing attention on networks to promote medical products in Jordan. This is consistent with the fact that promotion via networks has become an effective way to support and enhance the image of products and its delivery to the target group in all markets around the world.

Gender-Based Violence and Legal Frameworks

2020 ◽  
pp. 365-377
Author(s):  
Maria Louis
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Marital Rape ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Effective Deterrent ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Gender-based violence (GBV) has grown into a pandemic. It has spread its tentacles so far and wide that no country or community in the 21st century is immune from it. There are, of course, laws to prevent GBV and punish the perpetrators of GBV. But, the laws, in general, pathetically fail to yield the desired result and fail to play the role of an effective deterrent as lawmakers themselves, most often, become lawbreakers. It is well known that patriarchy has a vested interest in gender inequality, which is the root cause of GBV. The dominant gender, male, uses violence against all other genders, including female and third gender, as a lethal weapon to prove their muscle-power, pseudo-superiority, and enjoy what is not morally and ethically and legally right. GBV is undoubtedly a human right violation. However, in the land of nonviolence, India, marital rape, among others, is still legal. Things are slowly changing, and it gives hope.

Gender-Based Violence, Law, Justice and Health: Some Reflections

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetanjali Gangoli
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
Gender Based

Abstract This article is a response to the Lancet Commission on the Legal Determinants of Health from gendered perspectives and focusing on gender-based violence and abuse. The Lancet Commission sees the role of law as positive, indeed central in providing justice in global contexts, and this contribution explores and unpacks this assertion, drawing on some examples from India and elsewhere. Some feminists have argued that law and justice are incompatible for women, and this is sometimes borne out when we look at legal reforms and interventions in the field of gender-based violence. However, we also explore the ways in which some women have used legal reforms in creative ways to destabilize patriarchal norms, and more broadly, how absence of legal protection can undermine access to rights. We conclude that law can have a symbolic relationship with justice.

scholarly journals Violence against Girls: A Study on Gender Based Violence in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-123
Author(s):  
Nora F. Almosaed Nora F. Almosaed
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Gender Based

All studies that take from violence against women as main subject for her, including western studies are focusing on violence against women in intimate relationships where the abuser is a husband or a life partner. In most MENA societies with its patriarchal culture women become victims of violence in an early age and without being in intimate relationship that is because the abuser might be the father, mother or brother. The purpose of this study is to explore reasons and types of violence that girls might be subjected to in the Saudi society, based on information gathered from 500 college girls where most of them are in age of eighteen to twenty years old. The main findings of the study are: the majority of the respondents seemed to agree on the existence of family violence in the Saudi society and in a way that is far more than it’s known. The respondents have also agreed that children regardless of their gender are the most victims of violence followed by wives and girls, 33.77%, 29.25% and 27.1% respectively. Fathers use violence in 37% of the cases, followed by mothers in 28% and brothers in 10% of the cases. 71% of the respondents have experienced violence as growing up and 24% are still dealing with it. As for the types of violence, girls are subjected to beatings, preventing them or threats to prevent them from education or work, sexual abuse, not taking their opinion in marriage or preventing them of marriage or marrying them in young age, verbal abuse and insults, seizure of salary or inheritance, imprisonment or prohibition of going out. Types and practices of violence that might not all or most of it are known to girls in other societies and/or harm that cannot be imagine or perceived by others.

scholarly journals Kapitalisme, Patriarki dan Globalisasi: Menuju Langgengnya Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Ina Yosia Wijaya ◽  
Lidya Putri Loviona
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
False Consciousness ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Tulisan ini—dengan merujuk kepada tema besar “Kekerasan Gender Berbasis Online di Era Pandemi”—mencoba memaparkan bagaimana kontribusi sistem kapitalisme, budaya patriarki, dan globalisasi dalam mendukung lestarinya kekerasan gender secara daring yang sedang marak terjadi di tengah pandemi. Temuan pada tulisan menunjukkan bahwa sistem kapitalisme memegang peranan kunci dalam mendorong terciptanya budaya patriarki dan globalisasi, yang pada akhirnya mendorong langgengnya kekerasan berbasis gender. Berangkat dari perspektif marxist-feminism dengan premis utama bahwa sistem kapitalisme melakukan aksi eksploitasi atas kaum proletar dengan melegalkan segala cara termasuk membangun kesadaran palsu—false consciousness, temuan pada tulisan akan dielaborasikan lebih lanjut melalui tiga bahasan utama. Pertama, akan dipaparkan temuan bahwa opresi terhadap kaum wanita di tengah lingkungan yang patriarki merupakan salah satu upaya manifestasi elit kapitalis untuk melanggengkan sistem kapitalisme. Kedua, komodifikasi wanita—seperti isu human trafficking— dipercaya sebagai konsekuensi dari sistem kapitalis yang memberikan kebebasan komodifikasi atas segala sumber daya. Terakhir, akan dipaparkan fenomena globalisasi—sebagai salah satu produk liberalisme-kapital—yang dipercaya telah mendorong masifnya aksi human trafficking berbasis daring. Pada akhirnya, melalui temuan dan bahasan terkait kapitalisme sebagai sistem kunci yang telah melanggengkan kekerasan berbasis gender, diharapkan akan muncul kesadaran publik sehingga muncul aksi emansipasi dalam mendorong runtuhnya sisi eksploitatif sistem kapitalisme secara umum dan kekerasan berbasis gender secara khusus. ===== This paper—referring to the big theme of “Online-Based Gender Violence in the Pandemic Era”—tries to explain the contribution of the capitalist system, patriarchal culture, and globalization in supporting the sustainability of gender-based violence that is currently rife in the midst of a pandemic. The findings in this paper show that the capitalist system plays a key role in encouraging the creation of a patriarchal culture and globalization, which in turn encourages the perpetuation of gender-based violence. Departing from the perspective of marxist-feminism with the main premise that the capitalist system exploits the proletariat by legalizing all means, including building false consciousness, the findings in this paper will be further elaborated through three main topics. First, the findings will be presented that the oppression of women in a patriarchal environment is one of the manifestations of the capitalist elite to perpetuate the capitalist system. Second, the commodification of women—such as the issue of human trafficking—is believed to be a consequence of the capitalist system that provides freedom for the commodification of all resources. Finally, we will describe the phenomenon of globalization—as one of the products of capital-liberalism—which is believed to have encouraged the massive action of online-based human trafficking. In the end, through findings and discussions related to capitalism as a key system that has perpetuated gender-based violence, it is hoped that public awareness will emerge so that emancipation actions emerge in encouraging the collapse of the exploitative side of the capitalist system in general and gender-based violence in particular.

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