scholarly journals Diversity of Epiphytic Orchids, Hoya, Dischidia and Phorophytes (Host Trees) in Bawean Island Nature Reserve and Wildlife Reserve, East Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Trimanto Trimanto ◽  
Setyawan Agung Danarto
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Epiphytic Orchids ◽  
Epiphytic Orchid ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
On This Island ◽  
Epiphytic Plant ◽  
Cymbidium Aloifolium ◽  
Wildlife Reserve

Bawean Island is a small island located between two islands (Java and Borneo). Geographically, the diversity of plants, especially epiphytic plants on this island is very interesting to be studied. This research aims to investigate the diversity of epiphytic plants, focussing on epiphytic orchids, Hoya and Dischidia in Bawean Island Nature Reserve and Wildlife Reserve. It was conducted through an inventory of epiphytic orchids and hoya growing on host trees. The results showed there were 10 species of epiphytic orchid and 3 species of epiphytic Hoya, and 1 species of Dischidia growing on-location studies. The epiphytic orchids which found in location studies included Phalaenopsis amabilis, Aerides odorata, Cymbidium aloifolium, Dendrobium anosmum, Rhynchostylis retusa, Liparis condylobulbon, Taeniophyllum biocellatum, Cymbidium sp., Eria sp. Orchid species that most often found in the study location was Phalaenopsis amabilis. In addition, this study recorded Taeniophyllum biocellatum as an endemic orchid from Java that was found on this island. The epiphytic Hoya recorded in there, i.e. Hoya diversifolia, H. verticillata, and H. amoena, and also only found 1 species of  Dischidia was Dischidia imbricata. There were 12 species of trees as the host trees of epiphytic, i.e. Irvingia malayana, Tectona grandis, Diospyros buxyfolius were the host trees frequently found as the host of the epiphytic plant. Zone 3 as an area of 1/3 basal part of a total length of the branches was the most preferred zone by epiphytic orchids and hoya. The epiphytic orchid and hoya hardly found in Zone 5.

Epiphytic Orchid Inventory and The Host In Bantarbolang Nature Reserve - Central Java

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Rahmi Mutia Mawardi ◽  
Wiwik Herawati ◽  
Pudji Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Epiphytic Orchid ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Central Java Province

Bantarbolang Nature Reserve is located in the northern part of Central Java Province. The study aiming to verify the plant species of epiphytic orchids and the host tree in the area of Bantarbolang Nature Reserve was conducted in February to April 2019. The research method used in the research was explorative methods. Data were analyzed descriptively. It was recorded that there were 5 epiphytic orchid species, i.e. Rhynchostylis retusa, Aerides odorata, Cymbidium bicolor, Dendrobium crumenatum and Ascocentrum miniatum. The number of orchids found was 148 individuals, the most common species was Rhynchostylis retusa. The host trees are teak (Tectona grandis), putat (Barringtonia acutangula), bulu (Ficus annulata) and bungur (Lagerstroemia speciosa) with characteristics of hard stems, cracked surface texture, rough, mossy and not easy to peel.

The role of shaded cocoa plantations in the maintenance of epiphytic orchids and their interactions with phorophytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Morales-Linares ◽  
José G García-Franco ◽  
Alejandro Flores-Palacios ◽  
Thorsten Krömer ◽  
Tarin Toledo-Aceves
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Network ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Epiphytic Orchids ◽  
Epiphytic Orchid ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
True Diversity ◽  
Nested Structure ◽  
Cam Species

Abstract Aims Habitat loss and fragmentation are the main threats to biodiversity in tropical forests. Agroecosystems such as shaded cocoa plantations (SCP) provide refuge for tropical forest biota. However, it is poorly known whether the interspecific ecological interactions are also maintained in these transformed habitats. We evaluated the diversity, reproductive status and photosynthetic metabolism (CAM or C3) of the epiphytic orchid community, and their interactions with host trees (phorophytes) in SCP compared to tropical rainforest (TRF). Methods In southeastern Mexico, three sites each in TRF and SCP were studied, with four 400 m2 plots established at each site to record all orchids and their phorophytes. We determined the reproductive (adult) or non-reproductive (juvenile) status of each orchid individual in relation to the presence or absence, respectively, of flowers/fruits (or remnants), and assigned the photosynthetic pathway of each orchid species based in literature. We used true diversity and ecological networks approaches to analyze orchid diversity and orchid–phorophyte interactions, respectively. Important Findings In total, 607 individuals belonging to 47 orchid species were recorded. Orchid diversity was higher in TRF (19 effective species) than in SCP (11 effective species) and only seven species were shared between the two habitats. CAM orchid species were more frequent in SCP (53%) than in TRF (14%). At the community level the proportion of non-reproductive and reproductive orchid species and the nested structure and specialization level of the TRF orchid–phorophyte network were maintained in SCP. However, only a subset of TRF epiphytic orchids remains in SCP, highlighting the importance of protecting TRF. Despite this difference, shaded agroecosystems such as SCP can maintain some of the diversity and functions of natural forests, since the SCP epiphytic orchid community, mainly composed of CAM species, and its phorophytes constitute a nested interaction network, which would confer robustness to disturbances.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN ANGGREK EPIFIT DI KAKI GUNUNG LIANGPRAN, KALIMANTAN TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surianto Effendi ◽  
Nunik Sri Ariyanti ◽  
Tatik Chikmawati
Keyword(s):  
River Estuary ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Epiphytic Orchids ◽  
Epiphytic Orchid ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Zone Ii ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Tree Characteristics

Liangpran Mountain is located within the Heart of Borneo (HoB) Conservation Area which has high biodiversity. The exploration of orchids has been carried out in several locations in the HoB region and recorded a high diversity of wild orchid. This research was conducted to explore and inventory the orchids from the foothill of Mount Liangpran, and record  the diversity and abundance of epiphytic orchids in the study sites. This research was carried out by making track of exploration along the Nuyung river estuary to the Tebing Lapah. The richness and abundance data were collected in three plot of 1000 x 20 m. The host tree characteristics and distribution of epiphytic orchid on the host tree were recorded. Fourteen species orchids were collected, and the most dominant are Coelogyne asperata and Agrostophyllum stipulatum with an abundance of 23.53% each. The epiphytic orchids in host trees are spread from the zone II to V based on the Johansson’s sections, in which zone IV is the most diverse. Nine species of the host trees associated with the collected orchids were identified and grouped into five families. The characters of host trees are 7–57 m height,12–112 cm diameters, and 2 types of bark surfaces (rough and intermediate). 

Histoire récente des épidémies de la Tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette au nord du lac Saint-Jean (Québec): une analyse dendrochronologique

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Morin ◽  
Danielle Laprise
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Dendrochronological Analysis ◽  
Wildlife Reserve ◽  
Ecological Disturbances

The chronology of spruce budworm (Choristoneurafumiferana (Clem.)) oubreaks for the past 200 years has been reconstructed by dendrochronological analysis of balsam fir (Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill.) and white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) samples from virgin forests, unaffected by insecticide spraying programs and recently protected against fires in the north and northwest of Lac Saint-Jean. Outbreaks began around 1974, 1944, 1909, and possibly, 1832. They are closely linked with those described in the Laurentide wildlife reserve. The frequency, duration and severity of growth rings suppression associated with outbreaks are similar to those registered during outbreaks in the southern forests, except for the 1974 outbreak, which was shorter and less severe. Other outbreaks registered in southern regions, where the proportion of balsam fir is higher, have reached this region where balsam fir populations are marginal. These results underline the importance of these ecological disturbances in the population dynamics of the host trees of the region.

Networks of epiphytic orchids and host trees in Brazilian gallery forests

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor A. Silva ◽  
Alessandro W. C. Ferreira ◽  
Maria I. S. Lima ◽  
João J. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Epiphytic Orchids ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Regional Species Pool ◽  
Gallery Forests ◽  
Host Tree Species

Abstract:Species interactions have been recently depicted as networks, in which each species is connected to one or more other species in binary interaction matrices. Forty networks of epiphytic orchid and host tree species were assessed in Brazilian gallery forests. The nestedness of the networks was estimated with the NODF index and the significance was tested with null models. The phylogenetic structure of the network was also assessed, by searching for phylogenetic signals in the number of interactions and in the similarity of interacting species. In total, 105 orchid species and 132 host tree species were sampled. A nested pattern in all orchid–host tree networks was found. However, phylogenetic signals were not observed. The results support that the host specificity of orchids is small and most of the interactions occur among generalist orchids and generalist host trees. While the concept of species-specificity can thus be rejected, the extreme alternative – that interacting orchids and host trees are not a random subset of the regional species pool – can be dismissed as well. However, factors other than phylogenetic history may structure interaction networks of epiphytic orchids and host trees.

scholarly journals Bark water storage capacity influences epiphytic orchid preference for host trees

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 726-734
Author(s):  
Angel M. Zarate‐García ◽  
Eliana Noguera‐Savelli ◽  
Silvia B. Andrade‐Canto ◽  
Hilda A. Zavaleta‐Mancera ◽  
Adrien Gauthier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Water Storage Capacity ◽  
Epiphytic Orchid ◽  
Host Trees

scholarly journals Towards Sustainable Eco-Cultural Tourism for Water-Based Settlements on the Banks of Chao Phraya River: Ko Kret, Case Study Nonthaburi Province, Thailand

MANUSYA ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Suwattana Thadaniti
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Art Conservation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
On This Island ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Chao Phraya River ◽  
The Impact

“Ko Kret” is a small island of 4.12 square kilometres in the Chao Phraya River. The community of Ko Kret is a traditional settlement with historical value and identity. The residents are mainly from the Mon ethnic group, and have preserved their culture as expressed beautifully through their lifestyle, architecture and cultural activities, including temples, ancient houses, the style of settlement and the pottery artwork. At present, community development as well as cultural and art conservation facilitate tourism on this island. If the Ko Kret community can both display its way of life and manage the impact of tourism then Ko Kret can be protected as a living historic gem of the Chao Phraya River.

Effects of habitat fragmentation on the diversity of epiphytic orchids from a montane forest of southern Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Hernández-Pérez ◽  
Eloy Solano
Keyword(s):  
Species Turnover ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Epiphytic Orchids ◽  
Epiphytic Orchid ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species

Abstract:Epiphytic orchids are very diverse in montane forests, but fragmentation modifies this diversity. Twenty fragments were quantified to evaluate the effects of fragmentation on the alpha and beta diversities of epiphytic orchids in a montane forest located in southern Mexico. The following factors were evaluated: area, core area, shape, edge density, Euclidean nearest-neighbour distance fragment and contrast index. In each fragment, two transects of 2 × 50 m were drawn, and the trees with a diameter at breast height ≥ 20 cm were recorded. In each tree, the orchid species present were identified and quantified. Twenty-three species of epiphytic orchid in 234 phorophytes corresponding to 20 species were recorded. The epiphytic orchid richness per tree and species turnover was different between the phorophytes. The edge density and the contrast index had significant effects on the alpha diversity, while the isolation of the fragments significantly affected the beta diversity. The edge density positively affected the alpha diversity of the epiphytic orchids, likely through microclimatic changes caused by fragmentation. Drought-tolerant species were common on the edges of the fragments, and shade-tolerant species established on the core area of the fragments. This pattern most likely depends on the ecological range of the taxa, which is crucial to their development and persistence in fragmented habitats.

Endophytic Phomopsis species: host range and implications for diversity estimates

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
T S Murali ◽  
T S Suryanarayanan ◽  
R Geeta
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Host Restriction ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Teak Tree ◽  
Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Diversity Estimates

Foliar endophyte assemblages of teak trees growing in dry deciduous and moist deciduous forests of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve were compared. A species of Phomopsis dominated the endophyte assemblages of teak, irrespective of the location of the host trees. Internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis of 11 different Phomopsis isolates (ten from teak and one from Cassia fistula) showed that they fall into two groups, which are separated by a relatively long branch that is strongly supported. The results showed that this fungus is not host restricted and that it continues to survive as a saprotroph in teak leaf, possibly by exploiting senescent leaves as well as the litter. Although the endophyte assemblage of a teak tree growing about 500 km from the forests was also dominated by a Phomopsis sp., it separated into a different group based on internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis. Our results with an endophytic Phomopsis sp. reinforce the earlier conclusions reached by others for pathogenic Phomopsis sp., i.e., that this fungus is not host specific, and the species concept of Phomopsis needs to be redefined.Key words: fungal endophytes, Tectona grandis, fungal diversity, Phomopsis, host restriction.

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