scholarly journals HEAT TREATMENT MATERIAL TIE ROD PADA TEMPERATURE 1000 0C TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKRO, KEKERASAN DAN KEAUSAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Firman Firdhaus ◽  
Widia Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Raw Material

Tie rod adalah salah satu komponen dari actuator coal pulverizer dengan fungsi sebagai penahan naik turunnya grinding roller pada saat proses penggilingan didalam coal pulverizer. PT PJB UBJ O&M PLTU Tanjung Awar-Awar sebagai perusahaan pembangkit listrik tenaga uap mengalami kendala seperti kebocoran coal pulverizer, breakdown coal pulverizer dan kebakaran akibat semburan batu bara. Salah satu penyebab utama dari masalah tersebut adalah tie rod pada coal pulverizer mengalami patah dan aus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nilai kekerasan dan keausan yang optimal dengan memakai perlakuan panas. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengaruh variasi perlakuan panas terhadap struktur mikro, nilai kekerasan dan nilai keausan pada baja AISI S5 Steel. Penelitian ini dilakukan perlakuan panas pada temperature austenite 10000C dengan waktu penahanan 24 menit yang kemudian diberi variasi pendinginan yaitu quenching, annealing dan quench tepering menggunakan temperature 2000C dengan penahanan 48 menit. Hasil dari perlakuan panas tersebut dianalisa struktur mikro, uji kekerasan dan uji keausan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa material tie rod adalah baja perkakas AISI S5 Steel. Struktur mikro yang terbentuk pada spesimen raw material dan annealing adalah ferite dan perlite. Fasa ferrite dan martensite terbentuk pada material quenching dan quench tempering. Nilai kekerasan Proses heat treatment yang menghasilkan sifat yang optimal pada material tie rod adalah quench tempering, hal ini dikarenaka nilai kekerasannya meningkat menjadi 503,22 VHN, memiliki nilai keausan sebesar 0,832803 x 10-4 mm3/kg.m dan material quench tempering memiliki sifat ulet dan tangguh. Kata Kunci: AISI S5 Steel, Tie rod, Perlakuan panas, Uji kekerasan, Uji keausan

The effect of phase transformations in the process of electrom-beam 3D-printing and post-built heat treatment on the peculiarities of plastic deformation and fracture of high nitrogen Cr-Mn steel

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
E.G. Astafurova ◽  
◽  
K.A. Reunova ◽  
S.V. Astafurov ◽  
M.Yu. Panchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Deformation And Fracture

We investigated the phase composition, plastic deformation and fracture micromechanisms of Fe-(25-26)Cr-(5-12)Mn-0.15C-0.55N (wt. %) high-nitrogen chromium-manganese steel. Obtained by the method of electron-beam 3D-printing (additive manufacturing) and subjected to a heat treatment (at a temperature of 1150°C following by quenching). To establish the effect of the electron-beam 3D-printing process on the phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of high-nitrogen steel, a comparison was made with the data for Fe-21Cr-22Mn-0.15C-0.53N austenitic steel (wt. %) obtained by traditional methods (casting and heat treatment) and used as a raw material for additive manufacturing. It was experimentally established that in the specimens obtained by additive manufacturing method, depletion of the steel composition by manganese in the electron-beam 3D-printing and post-built heat treatment contributes to the formation of a macroscopically and microscopically inhomogeneous two-phase structure. In the steel specimens, macroscopic regions of irregular shape with large ferrite grains or a two-phase austenite-ferrite structure (microscopic inhomogeneity) were observed. Despite the change in the concentration of the basic elements (chromium and manganese) in additive manufacturing, a high concentration of interstitial atoms (nitrogen and carbon) remains in steel. This contributes to the macroscopically heterogeneous distribution of interstitial atoms in the specimens - the formation of a supersaturated interstitial solid solution in the austenitic regions due to the low solubility of nitrogen and carbon in the ferrite regions. This inhomogeneous heterophase (ferrite-austenite) structure has high strength properties, good ductility and work hardening, which are close to those of the specimens of the initial high-nitrogen austenitic steel used as the raw material for additive manufacturing.

Preparation of Glass-Ceramics Using Molybdenum Tailings

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1431-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Rui Zhang ◽  
Ru Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Nucleation Agents

In order to utilization the molybdenum tailings which be deposited in large quantities. Test used it to prepare glass-ceramics as main raw material, TiO2 as nucleation agents and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 system and wollastonite as the principal crystalline phase. Heat treatment system of glass-ceramics was based on the differential thermal analysis. The crystalline phase, microstructure and characteristics of glass-ceramics were analysis by XRD, SEM and physical, chemical properties test. The result shows that the performance of glass-ceramics was superior to the other types of building decoration stone.

scholarly journals Analisis Sifat Mekanis Baja Karbon Menengah Akibat Proses Austenisasi Tempering

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Nyoto Lestari ◽  
Helmy Purwanto ◽  
Muhammad Dzulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Raw Material

Perlakuan panas (heat treatment) didefinisikan sebagai kombinasi proses pemanasan dan pendinginan untuk mendapatkan sifat-sifat tertentu pada baja atau paduan lainnya. Salah satu proses perlakuan panas tersebut dengan proses quenching dan tempering. Proses ini dilakukan pada temperatur austenite 700 oC, 800 oC, 900 oC dengan media pendingin celup oli, kemudian di lanjutkan proses tempering pada temperatur 100 oC, 200 oC, 300 oC, dan 400 oC dengan waktu penahanan 15 menit. Hasil pengujian pada uji struktur mikro memperlihatkan bahwa fasa yang banyak terlihat adalah fasa perlit, sedangkan fasa martensit jarang ditemukan. Hasil pengujian kekerasan memperlihatkan bahwa nilai tertinggi adalah 591 HVN terdapat pada temperatur austenite 900 oC dan di tempering pada temperatur 200 oC. Hasil pengujian tarik mendapatkan Maksimal Stress tertinggi pada temperatur austenite 900 oC dan temperatur tempering 100 oC dengan nilai 961 MPa. Pengujian impak mendapat nilai 0,40J/mm2 yang terdapat pada temperatur austenite 900 oC dan temperatur tempering 400 oC. Proses tempering dapat menurunkan nilai kekerasan dan kekuatan tarik dan pada uji impak nilai kekerasan meningkat. Sementara hasil mikro struktur memperlihatkan bahwa jumlah fasa-fasenya hampir sama dengan  raw material.   

Pengaruh Teknik Tempa Lipat Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Mekanik Material AISI O1 Pada Pembuatan Pisau Tanto

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Alfan Ekajati Latief ◽  
Syahril Sayuti ◽  
Rakean Wide Windujati
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Lath Martensite ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Medium Carbon

 ABSTRAKTanto merupakan senjata tajam yang berasal dari Jepang dan merupakan senjata kedua bagi para Samurai di Jepang. Tanto biasa terbuat dari baja karbon menengah hingga baja karbon tinggi yang. Material baja yang digunakan untuk pembuatan Tanto dalam penelitian ini adalah baja AISI seri O1 karena memiliki karakteristik sifat mampu bentuk yang baik serat dapat dikuatkan melalui proses heat treatment. Material baja ini dibuat dengan proses tempa lipat  dengan variasi tempa empat lipatan dan satu lipatan. Pembuatan Tanto dan spesimen uji dilakukan dengan proses tempa lipat secara konvensional menggunakan tungku arang, dengan temperatur tempa rata-rata yaitu ±1200oC, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan quenching pada temperatur ± 850oC, serta tempering pada temperatur ±250oC. Penelitian ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari proses tempa empat lipatan dan tempa satu lipatan terhadap sifat mekanik, yaitu kekerasan dan kekuatan impak serta untuk melihat perubahan pada struktur mikro. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kekerasan paling tinggi sebesar41HRC yang dimiliki oleh pada raw material, ,sedangkan nilai impak paling tinggi sebesar 224,02 Joule/cm² ayng dicapai oleh material dengan proses tempa empat lipatan, Fasa akhir yang ditemukan pada baja tempa empat lipatan adalah  bainit dan martensit, sementara  perlit dan ferit ditemukan  pada baja satu lipatan, dan lath martensit ditemukan pada pada raw material  Kata kunci: Pisau Tanto, Tempa lipat ,Quenching, Tempering, Uji Impak  ABSTRACT Tanto is a sharp weapon originating  from Japan and is the second weapon for Samurai in Japan. Tanto is usually made of medium carbon steel to high carbon steel. The material which is used in this research is AISI O1 series steel because of its high ability to be formed and also can be made tough through a heat treatment process. This steel is made by folding forge process, with variation in number of folding, which is 4 folds and 1 fold. The making of Tanto and test specimens was carried out by conventional fold forging processes by using a charcoal furnace, with an average forging temperature at ± 1200oC, continue with quenching at ± 850oC, and tempering at ± 250oC. The research is carried out in order to determine the effect of the four-folds forging and one-fold forging to the mechanical behavior, which are hardness and impact strength,  and also to see change in its micro structure. The test that have been carried out shows that the highest hardness value of 41 HRC owned by raw material, while the highest impact value of 224.02 Joules / cm² obtained by material with four layer forging process. Final phases that found in the four-fold forged steel are bainite and martensite, pearlite and ferrite found in one-fold forged steel. and lath martensite in found in the raw material. Keywords: Tanto Knife, Folding Forging, Quenching, Tempering, Testing, Impact Tests

scholarly journals Magnetic Properties of SmCo5 + 10 wt% Fe Exchange-Coupled Nanocomposites Produced from Recycled SmCo5

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Chakraborty ◽  
Răzvan Hirian ◽  
Gregor Kapun ◽  
Viorel Pop
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Exchange Coupling ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Hydrogen Decrepitation ◽  
Energy Products ◽  
First Time ◽  
Recycled Material

Nanostructured alloy powders of SmCo5 + 10 wt% Fe obtained using recycled material were studied for the first time. The SmCo5 precursor was obtained from commercial magnets recycled by hydrogen decrepitation. The results were compared with identically processed samples obtained using virgin SmCo5 raw material. The samples were synthesized by dry high-energy ball-milling and subsequent heat treatment. Robust soft/hard exchange coupling was observed—with large coercivity, which is essential for commercial permanent magnets. The obtained energy products for the recycled material fall between 80% and 95% of those obtained when using virgin SmCo5, depending on milling and annealing times. These results further offer viability of recycling and sustainability in production. These powders and processes are therefore candidates for the next generation of specialized and nanostructured exchange-coupled bulk industrial magnets.

scholarly journals The Effect of Al-Mg-Si Wire Rod Heat Treatment on Its Electrical Conductivity and Strength

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1027
Author(s):  
Beata Smyrak ◽  
Bartosz Jurkiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Zasadzińska ◽  
Marek Gniełczyk ◽  
Patryk Jałowy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Temperature Heat Treatment ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Temperature Heat Treatment

The raw material for the production of Al-Mg-Si wires is wire rods, created in the Continuus Properzi line in temper T1 (cooled after forming at an elevated temperature and after natural aging). The general technologies for shaping the mechanical and electrical properties of Al-Mg-Si wire rods include two kinds: high- and low-temperature heat treatments. High-temperature heat treatment includes a homogenization process and a supersaturation process. Low-temperature heat treatment takes place after supersaturation and includes natural or artificial aging. This study shows how the amount of Mg and Si influences the mechanical and electrical properties of EN-AW 6101 wire rods after different kinds of heat treatments. As the general aim of this study was to determine the effect of the material’s temper on its mechanical and electrical properties, the research considered the initial parameters of the starting materials being examined. These parameters can be modified by selecting the chemical composition of the Al-Mg-Si alloy and the value of precipitation hardening obtained with artificial.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Phase-Formation Behavior of Agricultural Material

2014 ◽  
Vol 979 ◽  
pp. 323-326
Author(s):  
W. Siriprom ◽  
P. Kuha ◽  
S. Kongsriprapan ◽  
K. Teanchai
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Oxide Compound ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Babylonia Areolata ◽  
Agricultural Material

In present study, the phase transformations upon heat treatment were investigated and assessment the possibilities to produce the raw material in the production of low-cost natural adsorbents which have appropriate physical and mechanical characteristics. The physical-chemical properties of agricultural material were identified by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy. The XRD pattern suggest that theBabylonia areolatashells sample have the aragonite phase while the rice husk and the coconut lumber sawdust have amorphous structure. After that, all samples were annealed at different temperatures ranging from 300 to 900°C, another that, all samples have been transform structural in to Oxide compound. Moreover, the chemical compositions were investigated by XRF and FTIR was developed for analysis of functional group and their chemical bonding characteristics.

Effect of Borax on Lightweight Material from Cullet and Fly Ash

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutthima Sriprasertsuk ◽  
Phatthiya Suwannason ◽  
Wanna T. Saengchantara
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Heat Process ◽  
Lightweight Material

This work investigated the recycling of fly ash waste and cullet as the raw materials for lightweight bodies produced by heat treatment and using sodium silicate as the binder. Borax was mixed with fly ash and cullet, and put into the block in dimension 10x10x2 cm3. The lightweight materials thus produced were then sintered at temperature of 800 °C. Density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity were determined. Borax showed a positive sintering effect on the porosity of lightweight material during the heat process. The compressive strength of lightweight material diminished with the reduction of density and thermal conductivity. Lightweight material manufactured with borax showed the lower density and thermal conductivity accompanied by the higher compressive strength. The test results indicated that using fly ash and cullet as the raw material with borax could obtain the lightweight material, thus enhancing the possibility of its reuse in a sustainable way.

Preparation of Electroless Ni-P Composite Coating and its Tribological Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 199-200 ◽  
pp. 696-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Tao Yan ◽  
Yu Qiu Huo ◽  
Zhi Li Sun ◽  
Zhen Xing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Nickel Sulfate ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Experimental Conditions

The Ni-P composite coatings onto 4043 aluminum alloy were prepared by electroless plating with nickel sulfate and sodium hypoposphite as raw material. The Ni-P composite coatings were heat-treated for 1 hour at 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C and 600°C, respectively. The tribological behaviour of the coatings was investigated on a vertical universal friction/wear tester under dry friction. The morphology and phase structure of the composite coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the microhardness of the composite coatings were measured by Vickers diamond indenter. The results showed that the as-deposited coatings had smooth cellular pattern and amorphous structure, and the microhardness of the coatings reached the maximum at 400°C heat treatment, the reason is the formation of Ni3P alloy phase with increasing of the heat treatment temperature. The friction coefficient of coatings annealed at 400°C is the lowest. The wear loss was found to increase with corresponding increase in load and sliding speed. It was found that the wear mechanism of the as-deposited Ni-P composite coatings was dominated by adhesive wear and scuffing under the experimental conditions, but the wear mechanism of the coatings annealed at 400°C was scuffing.

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