scholarly journals Kualitas Papan Partikel Dari Pelepah Nipah dengan Perekat Asam Sitrat dan Sukrosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Mahdi Santoso ◽  
Ragil Widyorini ◽  
Tibertus Agus Prayitno ◽  
Joko Sulistyo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
Binding Agents ◽  
Press Time ◽  
Positive Effect

Penggunaan perekat alami dan bahan baku non kayu dalam pembuatan papan partikel masih sangat terbatas. Sukrosa dan asam sitrat adalah dua bahan alami yang potensial sebagai perekat alami pengganti perekat sintetik berbasis formaldehida. Nipah (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) merupakan bahan non kayu yang potensial dijadikan alternatif bahan baku papan partikel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas papan partikel pelepah nipah yang direkat dengan sukrosa/asam sitrat (100/0, 87,5/12,5 dan 75/25). Papan partikel yang dibuat berukuran 25 cm × 25 cm × 1 cm, target kerapatan 0,8 g/cm3. Variabel perekatan antara lain jumlah perekat 20%, waktu kempa 10 menit, suhu kempa 180°C dan tekanan spesifik 3,6 MPa. Sifat fisika dan mekanika papan partikel diuji berdasarkan standar JIS A 5908:2003, kekasaran permukaan diukur menggunakan metode yang dilakukan oleh Hiziroglu (1996). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan asam sitrat terhadap sukrosa berpengaruh positif terhadap sebagian besar sifat papan partikel pelepah nipah. Papan partikel pelepah nipah dengan perekat sukrosa/asam sitrat 87,5/12,5 mampu memberikan hasil terbaik dengan memenuhi standar JIS A 5908:2003. Karakteristik papan partikel tersebut adalah kerapatan 0,89 g/cm3, kadar air 10,21%, pengembangan tebal 2,45%, penyerapan air 23,55%, kekasaran permukaan 5,13 μm, keteguhan rekat internal 0,39 MPa, keteguhan patah 9,80 MPa dan keteguhan elastisitas 3,19 GPa.Kata kunci: papan partikel, pelepah nipah, perekat alami, sukrosa, asam sitrat AbstractUtilization of natural binder for non-wood composite is still limited. Sucrose and citric acid are potential natural binding agents for composite products. Nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) was non-wood materials which are potentially to be used as an alternative raw material for particleboards. This study aimed to determine the quality of the nipa frond particleboard bonded with sucrose/citric acid (100/0, 87.5/12.5 and 75/25). Particleboards were manufactured in 25 cm × 25 cm × 1 cm dimension, the target of density 0.8 g/cm3. The variables included resin content of 20%, press time of 10 m, pressing temperature of 180°C and specific pressure of 3.6 MPa. The physics and mechanics properties of particleboard were tested in accordance to standard JIS A 5908:2003 and surface roughness was measured by following the method performed by Hiziroglu (1996). The results showed that the addition of citric acid to sucrose give a positive effect on most of the properties of the nipa frond particleboards. The particleboard bonded with sucrose/citric acid 87.5/12.5 was able to provide the best results to meet the standards of JIS A 5908: 2003. Characteristics of the particleboard was a density of 0.89 g/cm, moisture content of 10.21%, thickness swelling of 2.45%, water absorption of 23.55%, surface roughness of 5.13 ìm, internal bonding of 0.39 MPa, modulus of rupture of 9.80 MPa and modulus of elasticity of 3.19 GPa.

scholarly journals Some Properties of Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus Virginiana L.) Particleboard Panels Made Using Modified Starch as Binder

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
Onur Ulker ◽  
Salim Hiziroglu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Eastern Red Cedar ◽  
Red Cedar

The objective of this study was to evaluate physical and mechanical properties of experimental panels manufactured from eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) using modified starch as binder. Modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bond strength (IB), hardness and dimensional stability in the form of thickness swelling and water absorption in addition to surface quality of the samples were tested. Panels were manufactured at three density levels, which are 0.60 g/cm3, 0.70 g/cm3 and 0.80 g/cm3. The highest MOE, MOR and IB values for the samples having 0.80 g/cm3 density were determined as 2207.16 MPa, 15.17 MPa and 0.87 MPa, respectively. Thickness swelling values of the samples soaked in water for 2 h ranged from 15.38 % to 23.23 %. Micrographs taken on the samples using scanning electron microscope revealed that starch was uniformly distributed within the particles. Based on the findings in this study, it appears that eastern red cedar would have a potential as a raw material to manufacture particleboard panel using modifi ed starch as green adhesive with accepted physical and mechanical properties.

Mahdi Santoso, Yanciluk

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agrienvi
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
Bonding Performance ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Extraction Treatment

ABSTRACTNipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) is a non wood lignosellulosic materials that potential as raw material ofcomposite board. One of disadvantage of the nipa fronds was contains are very high extractives and inorganicsubstances. The presence of high content of extractives in raw material of particle board potentially be an obstacle inthe process of gluing the composite board. The existing of extractive substances on the surface of the compositeboard raw materials contribute to make the bonding process is not going well. On the other side, the utilization ofnatural binder for non wood composite is still limited. This research focused to investigated the effects of extractivesubtances for bonding performance of natural binder such as citric acid for nipa fronds particleboard. The particlesscreened passed through aperture sizes of 10 mesh and treated with three condition (non extraction, hot waterextraction and n-hexana extraction) were used as materials in this research. Addition of natural binder of 10% basedon air dried particles was done and pressing temperature was set at 180ºC under a pressure of 3,6 MPa during 10minutes. The physics and mechanics properties of particleboard was tested by standard JIS A 5908:2003. Theresults showed that the extractiction treatments for raw material affects on the properties of the particleboards. Hotwater extraction treatment was able to give the best results. The properties of particleboard was density 0.84 g.cm-3;moisture content 7.44%; thickness swelling 1,12%; water absorption 21,83%; surface roughness 7.57 μm; internalbonding 0.49 MPa; modulus of rupture 10.42 MPa and modulus of elasticity 3.65 GPa. All of the properties of nipafronds particleboard meet most of the standards JIS A 5908:2003.Keywords: Hot water extraction, n-hexane extraction, nipa frond particleboard, natural binder, citric acid.

scholarly journals Soybean waste in particleboard production

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Hoffmamm Martins ◽  
Alan Pereira Vilela ◽  
Rafael Farinassi Mendes ◽  
Lourival Marin Mendes ◽  
Lívia Elisabeth Vasconcellos de Siqueira Brandão Vaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Hybrid Eucalyptus

ABSTRACT Brazil is the second largest soybean producer in the world, with a yield of around 96.2 million tons per crop. This high yield leads to a great amount of waste resulting from soybean cultivation, which can reach approximately 41 million tons of waste per year. This material has lignocellulosic properties, which may enable its use as a raw material for particleboard production. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of soybean pods in particleboard production. For particleboard manufacture, wood of the hybrid Eucalyptus urophylla and Eucalyptus grandis was used, added with soybean pods, at proportions of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. For particleboard evaluation, a completely randomized design was used, with five treatments and three replicates, using linear regression and the Scott-Knott test at 5% significance for comparison among the different treatments. The properties apparent density, compaction ratio, water absorption after 2 and 24 hours, thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours in water immersion, internal bonding, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity in bending properties were evaluated. The ratio soybean pod waste and eucalyptus particles in the panels led to an increase in water absorption values and thickness swelling, in addition to a decrease in mechanical properties. The production of panels with approximately 23% soybean pods is feasible.

Analysis of the influence of larch fibers and particles on selected properties of fiber- and particleboards

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Pazio ◽  
Piotr Boruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Density Profile ◽  
Internal Bond ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
European Larch ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Larch Wood

Analysis of the influence of larch fibers and particles on selected properties of fiber- and particleboards. The paper presents the results of the research on the effect of the addition of fibers and particles obtained from European larch wood (Larix decidua Mill) from plantations on selected properties of fiber- and particleboards in comparison to the boards of the same structure based on typical industrial raw material (pine wood) uses by European wood based panels industry. The differences were shown in the tests, i.e.: modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity in static bending (MOE), internal bond (IB), thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours soaking in water and density profile. In the MOR and MOE tests, larch boards with a minimum 50% fiber share were characterized by comparable values of the properties determined to pine boards, while in the other variants, boards made of pine wood had better properties. In most cases, the larch boards were characterized by significantly lower values of swelling by thickness (with the exception of boards made of fibers) than boards made of wood from forest cultivation. The density profile of the boards on the cross-section of the plantation raw material did not differ from the boards made of pine raw material.

Analysis of the influence of particle and poplar fibres share on selected properties of particle-fibre boards

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Karol Zaraziński ◽  
Piotr Boruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Density Profile ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Internal Bond ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Poplar Hybrid ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Positive Effect

Analysis of the influence of particle and poplar fibres share on selected properties of particle-fibre boards. As a part of the study, one-layer particle-fibre boards with 12 mm thick and of average density 650 kg/m3 were manufactured from plantation poplar ‘Hybrid 275’ wood.. For the control variant a typical industrial raw material (pine wood) was used. The following properties were determined for the boards: modulus of rapture (MOR), density profile, modulus of elasticity at static bending (MOE), internal bond (IB), thickness swelling (TS) after 2h and 24h soaking in water. On the basis of conducted study, it was found that the addition of poplar fibers to particle-fibre boards in most cases has a positive effect on the values of determined properties – an increase in strength was noted, except for internal bond (IB). In the case of thickness swelling of the boards after 24 h soaking in water, it was noted that with the increase in the share of poplar fibers in the boards, the value of the tested property decreased (which was not clear in the case of thickness swelling of boards after 2 h soaking in water).

scholarly journals Discrimination of Myrtle Ecotypes from Different Geographic Areas According to Their Morphological Characteristics and Anthocyanins Composition

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana V. González-de-Peredo ◽  
Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa ◽  
Estrella Espada-Bellido ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Antonio Amores-Arrocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Chemical Traits ◽  
Positive Effect

Myrtus communis L. is an evergreen shrub that produces berries with a high content in antioxidant compounds. Since these compounds have demonstrated a positive effect on human health, the interest on berries and their usages has increased. However, environmental conditions may affect the productivity of these species and consequently the quality of wild myrtle. Ecotypes from diverse geographical origins may result in significant variations in terms of bioactive compounds content as well as in chemical traits. For this reason, in this work ecotypes from two different localizations have been studied to determine if their differences in morphological and anthocyanins traits can be attributed to their origin and the environmental characteristics of these locations. For this, chemometric analyses such as Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis, were employed. The results showed differences between the ecotypes depending on their location. In particular, myrtle berries from maritime zones present greater fruit size and amount of bioactive compounds, which means an improvement in the quality of the final product based on this raw material. It can be concluded that both morphological and anthocyanins traits are related to the location of the ecotype and allow selecting the best ecotype for the required applications.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Beban Penggilingan terhadap Kuat Tarik Kertas Seni dari Tandan Kosong Nipah dan Pelepah Pisang

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Agung Eko Sucahyono
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Musa Sapientum ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Load Weight ◽  
Paper Quality

Penggunaan bahan non-kayu sebagai alternatif dalam pembuatan kertas seni sangat dibutuhkan. Namun, kualitas kertas yang dihasilkan seringkali cukup rendah dari sisi kekuatan tariknya. Salah satu alat yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kertas seni adalah beater machine. Penelitian ini menggunakan tandan kosong nipah (Nypa fruticans) dan batang pisang (Musa sapientum) sebagai bahan baku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penambahan beban pada mesin beater terhadap kuat tarik kertas seni. Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan variabel bebas yaitu variasi campuran dan berat pembebanan pada mesin beater. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa besar pembebanan pada mesin beater berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kualitas kertas seni, sedangkan komposisi bahan tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap kualitas kertas. Kualitas kertas yang optimal diperoleh pada proporsi bahan baku pelepah nipah dengan campuran pelepah batang pisang 60%:40% dan berat pembebanan 3,9 kg, dengan nilai ketahanan tarik 4,24 kN/m atau 4.240 N/m.Kata kunci: kertas seni, mesin beater, nipah Effect of Refining Load on The Tensile Strength of Nypa and Banana Trunk Art PaperAbstractThe use of non-wood materials as an alternative in making of art paper is needed. However, the quality of the resulting paper is often quite low in terms of its tensile strength. One of the tools used to improve the quality of art paper is a beater machine. This research used nypha and banana trunk as raw material. This study aims to determine the relationship between the addition of load on the beater machine to the tensile strength of art paper. The method used is a randomized complete design with independent variables of variations in mixture and weight of loading on the beater machine. The results showed that the loading of the beater machine had an effect on improving the quality of art paper, while the composition of the material did not significantly affect the quality of the paper. Optimal paper quality was obtained from the proportion of nypa and banana trunk of 60%:40% and load weight of 3,9 kg, where the tensile strength was 4.24 kN/m or 4,240 N/m.Keywords: art paper, beater machine, nypa 

scholarly journals Influence of Particle Size on the Properties of Boards Made from Washingtonia Palm Rachis with Citric Acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4841
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Ferrandez-Garcia ◽  
Antonio Ferrandez-Garcia ◽  
Teresa Garcia-Ortuño ◽  
Clara Eugenia Ferrandez-Garcia ◽  
Manuel Ferrandez-Villena
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
Ecological Resources

The manufacture of technical materials of mineral and synthetic origin currently used for thermal insulation in buildings consumes a large amount of energy and they are not biodegradable. In order to reduce the environmental problems generated by their manufacture, an increasing amount of research is being carried out on the use of renewable and ecological resources. Consequently, the use of plant fibers and natural adhesives in the development of new thermal insulating products is increasing worldwide. Palm trees were used as a replacement for wood in some traditional constructions in places with scarce wood resources. This paper discusses the use of palm pruning waste in the manufacture of particleboards, using citric acid as a natural binder. Five particle sizes of Washingtonia palm rachis were used as the raw material for manufacturing the boards and the citric acid content was set at 10% by weight, in relation to the weight of the rachis particles. Single-layer agglomerated panels were made, applying a pressure of 2.6 MPa and a temperature of 150 °C for 7 min. Twenty panels were produced and their density, thickness swelling, water absorption, modulus of rupture, internal bonding strength and thermal conductivity properties were studied. Smaller particle size resulted in better mechanical properties. The boards had an average thermal conductivity of 0.084 W/m·K, meaning that these boards could be used for thermal insulation in buildings.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36873/a , Mahdi Santoso, Yanciluk

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Agrienvi
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Composite Board ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Extractive Substances

ABSTRACTNipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) is a non wood lignosellulosic materials that potential as raw material of compositeboard. One of disadvantage of the nipa fronds was contains are very high extractives and inorganic substances. Thepresence of high content of extractives in raw material of particle board potentially be an obstacle in the process ofgluing the composite board. The existing of extractive substances on the surface of the composite board raw materialscontribute to make the bonding process is not going well. On the other side, the utilization of natural binder for nonwood composite is still limited. This research focused to investigated the effects of extractive subtances for bondingperformance of natural binder such as citric acid for nipa fronds particleboard. The particles screened passed throughaperture sizes of 10 mesh and treated with three condition (non extraction, hot water extraction and n -hexanaextraction) were used as materials in this research. Addition of natural binder of 10% based on air dried particles wasdone and pressing temperature was set at 180ºC under a pressure of 3,6 MPa during 10 minutes. The physics andmechanics properties of particleboard was tested by standard JIS A 5908:2003. The results showed that theextractiction treatments for raw material affects on the properties of the particleboards. Hot water extraction treatmentwas able to give the best results. The properties of particleboard was density 0.84 g.cm-3; moisture content 7.44%;thickness swelling 1,12%; water absorption 21,83%; surface roughness 7.57 ?m; internal bonding 0.49 MPa; modulusof rupture 10.42 MPa and modulus of elasticity 3.65 GPa. All of the properties of nipa fronds particleboard meet mostof the standards JIS A 5908:2003.Keywords: Hot water extraction, n-hexane extraction, nipa frond particleboard, natural binder, citric acid.

scholarly journals Comparision of Different Raw Densities and Board Thicknesses in the Production of Enzymatically Bonded Fiberboards

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Alexander Kirsch ◽  
Patrick Reuter ◽  
Alireza Kharazipour ◽  
Markus Euring
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Uf Resin ◽  
Binding Agents ◽  
Mediator System ◽  
Health Related

Reducing CO2 emissions for the long term is an important issue in countering climate change. For this reason, the use of renewable construction materials inter alia wood-based materials is becoming increasingly important. Wood based materials often depend on petrochemical-based binding agents, most of which contain and emit formaldehyde. This causes environmental and health-related difficulties that could be rectified by avoiding the utilization of these adhesives. For this purpose, enzymatically bonded medium-density fiberboards (MDF) with a targeted raw density of 650 kg/m³ and 750 kg/m³ and high-density fiberboards (HDF) with a density of 900 kg/m³ were produced in different thicknesses. Laccase-Mediator-System (LMS) was applied to manufacture the boards and to compare them to those glued with UF and inactivated laccase, respectively. These panels were tested in terms of their physical technical properties, such as internal bond strength (IB), modulus of rupture (MOR) and thickness swelling (TS) after 24 h immersion. The aim was to show the correlation between density and these properties for fiberboards bonded this way. Most panels meet the requirements of the European standard when LMS and UF-resin were used. The possibility to produce fiberboards bonded with alternative bonding agents opens up the way to alternative, innovative, healthy and environmental-friendly wood based products.

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