scholarly journals PERBEDAAN DAYA TAHAN NON SPESIFIK LIMA SPESIES IKAN AIR TAWAR TERHADAP INFEKSI Aeromonashydrophila

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
H. Syakuri ◽  
Triyanto Triyanto ◽  
K. H. Nitimulyo
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Skin Mucus ◽  
Time To Death

Fish naturally has a non-specific defense against several pathogens. The non-specific defense is anatomical and physiological function that varies according to genetical and environmental factor. The differences of non-specific defense against Aeromonas hydrophila infection were studied in blackfinpacu (Colossoma macropomum), gourami (Osphronemus goramy), common crap (Cyprinus carpio), African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), and red nile tilapia (Orochromis sp.). This study also examined the differences on several parameters of non-specific defense, including differentiation anc number of leucocytes, serum total, titer of antibody, and antibacterial activity of skin mucus.The fishes were intramuscularly infected at the media lethal doses for common carp (7,4 x 108cfu/fish). Pathological changes, survival rate, and mean time to death were observed every day. The observation of non-specific defense parameters were carried out prior and at seven day after infection.The results showed thahblackfinpacu was the most resistant species against A. hydrophila infection. African catfish and red nile tilapia were most resistant than gourami and common carp. The antibody titer and percentage of thrombocytes were the causative factor for the difference of the resistence against A. hydrophila. The five fish species also showed differences on leucocytes number, monocytes and eosinophiles percentage, and serum total, but they did not showed the differences of neutrophile percentage. The skin mucus of all fish species did not exhibited antibacterial activity against A. hydrophila. This study also found increase in antibody titer and leucocytes number after A. hydrophila infection.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Drivers of Fish Species Consumption Preferences in Kenya’s Urban Informal Food System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5278
Author(s):  
Oscar Ingasia Ayuya ◽  
Katrine Soma ◽  
Benson Obwanga
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Food System ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Future Market ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Nile Perch ◽  
Haplochromine Cichlids

In an effort to contribute to resilient food and nutritional security in urban slums, a food system approach was applied to understand the key socio-economic factors driving fish species consumption in Kibera, the largest informal settlement in Africa located in Nairobi, Kenya. Data were collected from 385 randomly selected households using a structured questionnaire. A multivariate probit model was applied to estimate the relationship between the variables in order to determine the socio-economic drivers of preferences for different fish species. The results indicated that Lake Victoria sardine (Rastrineobola argentea) had the highest preference (73%) among the respondents, followed by Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (70%) and Nile perch (Lates niloticus) (23%), respectively, with other fish species at 12%, including African catfish, marbled lungfish, common carp, fulu and tuna (Clarias gariepinus, Protopterus aethiopicus, Cyprinus carpio, Haplochromine cichlids and Thunnus sp., respectively). Large household size showed an increase in preference for the Lake Victoria sardine, while higher income influenced preference for Nile tilapia and Nile perch positively, implying that when more income is available, Nile tilapia is the preferred fish over other fish species. Increased fish prices positively influenced preference for Nile tilapia, which is explained by the willingness to pay extra for quality and origin, for instance, to avoid the cheaply cultivated Chinese fish. In the case of the Lake Victoria sardine, lower prices positively affected the preferences. Religious and cultural practices and beliefs influenced preference for species and consumption of fish. Residents who migrated from western Kenya had a higher preference for the Lake Victoria sardine, while residents born and raised in Kibera had a higher preference for Nile tilapia. Neighbourhood effects reduced the preference for consuming Nile perch. These findings provide insights into future market opportunities for specific target groups. For instance, given that small-sized fish like the Lake Victoria sardine is highly demanded, in order to increase resiliency in food and nutrition security, small-sized cheap Nile tilapia will have a large potential in the future, with ever higher demand specifically from the residents born and raised in Kibera.

Natural origins of off-flavours in fish related to feeding habits

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zs.Gy. Papp ◽  
É. Kerepeczki ◽  
F. Pekár ◽  
D. Gál
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Human Detection ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Samples

The objective of our study was to survey the accumulated 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin (GSM) in fillets of five important farmed fish species in Hungarian aquaculture in relation to MIB and GSM concentrations in water and sediment in the aquatic systems where they were raised: (the planktivorous silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), the herbivorous grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), the bottom-feeding omnivorous common carp (Cyprinus carpio), the omnivorous tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the carnivorous African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)). Water, sediment and fish samples were collected from different experimental aquatic systems which included a combined aquaculture–algae (CAA) system, effluent-fed fishponds, a pond recycling system and a traditional fishpond. MIB and GSM contents were extracted with distillation-headspace solid-phase – microextraction (SPME) and extracts analysed by GC-MS. Results showed that off-flavour contents in fish fillets were related to the feeding habits of the studied fish species. Higher GSM concentrations were found in the fillet of bottom-feeding common carp than in the silver carp or African catfish in all studied aquatic systems. Usually, low GSM concentrations were detected in the water of fishponds but sometimes the levels of this odour compound in carp fillet were well above the limits of human detection. This suggests that the off-flavour tainting of common carp may originate from the sediment or benthic algal/actinomycete sources. Negligible MIB levels were found in all samples in all of the studied aquatic systems.

scholarly journals Epidermal Mucus Extracts of three Freshwater Air-Breathing Fish Species against Gram Positive and Gram Negative Human Pathogenic Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farheen Jameel ◽  
Jyotsna Agarwal ◽  
Mohammad Waseem ◽  
M. Serajuddin
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Skin Mucus ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Epidermal Mucus

Mucus layer from epidermal secretions of the fish act as a first line of defense between fish and pathogens in their environment. Fish skin mucus has been reported to prevent colonisation of pathogenic bacteria. The objective of the present study was to explore the antibacterial activity of epidermal mucus extracts from three freshwater air-breathing fish species (Clarias gariepinus, Heteropneustis fossilis and Channa punctatus) against human bacterial pathogens. The crude, acidic and organic extracts of skin mucus were prepared and tested for antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method against three Gram positive (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae) and 5 Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Vibrio inaba and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. Out of 72 tests performed (nine types of mucus extracts against eight different bacterial strains), 59 tests showed antibacterial activity. The order of the level of antibacterial activity of the mucus of the three fish species observed in the present study was, C. gariepinus > C. punctatus > H. fossilis and the acidic extract of C. gariepinus showed the maximum antibacterial activity against Gram negative bacteria.

Proximate composition of male and female African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and tilapia (Tilapia zilli) in Jega river, Kebbi state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
W. M. Namaga ◽  
B. Yahaya ◽  
M. A. Salam
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Juvenile Female ◽  
Significant Difference

Fish is highly nutritious, tasty, and easily digestible. It is much sought after by a broad cross-section of the world’s population, particularly in developing countries as it provides the cheapest protein source. Nigeria is blessed with numerous inland freshwater rivers and lakes scattered all over the country. This freshwater habitat consists of many species of fish that have successfully dominated all niches over time and have for many reasons remained unstudied. The situation concealed a lot of scientific information particularly on food security and safety to the inmates and the country at large. Jega River which transcended many States in the North-Western part of Nigeria to open into the river Niger is one of such rivers largely uncared for, study-wise. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Tilapia (Tilapia zillii) have been wisely selected for the present proximate composition studies. The juveniles of these fishes were purchased from local fishermen in Mariner Waje landing site of the river which flows by Jega town, a local government area in Kebbi State, Nigeria. For the study, the methodology approved by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) was used to determine the proximate composition of the fishes. The highest percentage crude protein content of 49.18 ± 0.30% was observed in juvenile female C. gariepinus; while the lowest protein content of 39.22± 0.50% was observed in juvenile male T. zilli. The highest percentage lipid content of 11.75± 1.50% was observed in juvenile female tilapia; while the lowest percentage lipid content of 6.25± 0.29% was observed in male African catfish. The highest percentage fibre content of 4.00 ± 0.29% was observed in male and female C. gariepinus, while the lowest percentage fibre content of 0.75± 0.29% was observed in male tilapia. There were variations (p< 0.05) when the protein and lipid contents of both the species were compared with each other. There was also a significant difference (p< 0.05) when the carbohydrate contents were compared between the fish species, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) when the fibre content was compared within the species. The analyses showed that both the male and female fish species studied had high protein contents.

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