scholarly journals Comparison of the Use of Cement, Gypsum, and Limestone on the Improvement of Clay through Unconfined Compression Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Ika Puji Hastuty
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Limestone Soil ◽  
Materials Used

Soil stabilization is an effort to improve soil properties by adding additives in the soil to increase the soil strength and maintain the shear strength of the soil. There are many materials which can be used as stabilizers. The materials used in this study were cement, gypsum, and limestone, then the compressive strength values were compared by using the Unconfined Compression Test (UCT). The mixture combinations used in this study were 1% to 10% of cement, gypsum, and limestone on clay by curing for 14 days. The compressive strength value resulted from the unconfined compression test on the original soil sample was 1.4 kg/cm2. The original soil was classified as moderately sensitive soil because the sensitivity value of the original soil was 2. After being stabilized with various mixtures of cement, gypsum, and limestone, soil stabilization using cement obtained the maximum unconfined compressive strength value is 3.681 kg/cm2 in the mixture of 10%. Similarly, the soil stabilization using limestone and gypsum also obtained its maximum unconfined compressive strength value in the mixture of 10% is 3.307 kg/cm2 and 2.975 kg/cm2, respectively.

scholarly journals Performance of THM behavior of sand-bentonite mixtures considering thermal effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Tomoyoshi Nishimura ◽  
Junichi Koseki
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Triaxial Compression ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Sand Mixture ◽  
High Level

This study presented the overview on the behavior of bentonite-sand mixture used in high level radioactive waste disposal. Both unconfined compression test and triaxial compression test were conducted out that unsaturated-saturated bentonite-sand samples were applied temperature effect below 100 degrees Celsius. Unconfined compressive strength was determined with various temperatures and different relative humidity for unsaturated bentonite-sand specimens, so the growing of pore pressure due to heating was most significant for interpretation to THM behaviour of artificial barrier system compositing bentonite materials.

scholarly journals The Effect of Polymer-Cement Stabilization on the Unconfined Compressive Strength of Liquefiable Soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ateş
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Unconfined Compression

Soil stabilization has been widely used as an alternative to substitute the lack of suitable material on site. The use of nontraditional chemical stabilizers in soil improvement is growing daily. In this study a laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of waterborne polymer on unconfined compression strength and to study the effect of cement grout on pre-venting of liquefiable sandy soils. The laboratory tests were performed including grain size of sandy soil, unit weight, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and unconfined compressive strength test. The sand and various amounts of polymer (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and cement (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were mixed with all of them into dough using mechanical kneader in laboratory conditions. Grouting experiment is performed with a cylindrical mould of  mm. The samples were subjected to unconfined compression tests to determine their strength after 7 and 14 days of curing. The results of the tests indicated that the waterborne polymer significantly improved the unconfined compression strength of sandy soils which have susceptibility of liquefaction.

scholarly journals An Investigation on the Effect of Calcite Bacteria Seeding on Shear Strength of Peat Soil via an Unconfined Compression Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 1513-1517
Author(s):  
Norbaya Sidek ◽  
S. Abdul-Talib ◽  
N. Mohd Zain ◽  
N.R.N.A. Rashid ◽  
I.A. Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Sporosarcina Pasteurii ◽  
Modified Urea

Peat soils have been known for their problematic characteristics which include high water content, high compressibility and low shear strength. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of 1 week addition of modified Urea-CaCl2liquid medium with and withoutSporosarcina pasteuriion the shear strength of unsterilized dried peat soil using the Unconfined Compression Test. After the treatment period, significant increase in the shear strength of the soil was found to be highest for peat + medium at 42 kN/m2, moderate for peat + medium +Sporosarcina pasteuriiat 27 kN/m2and unchanged for peat + water control at 24 kN/m2. Although the growth dynamics of all the microbes involved in the calcite formation in the treated peat soil were not known, the addition of the modified Urea-CaCl2liquid medium into the soil clearly had contributed to the marked increased in the shear strength of the soil. It is probable that the medium had promoted a better growth of indigenous calcite bacteria population in the soil which may have been suppressed by the slow growingS. pasteuriipopulation being added daily to the soil

scholarly journals Valorisation of egg shell ash as a potential replacement for lime in stabilization of expansive soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Jijo James ◽  
Priya Jothi ◽  
P. Karthika ◽  
S. Kokila ◽  
V. Vidyasagar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Lime Content ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Egg Shell

The investigation focussed on the possibility of replacing lime in soil stabilization using Egg Shell Ash (ESA), a waste derived from poultry industry. An expansive soil was characterized for its properties in the lab. The minimum lime content required for modification of soil properties was determined from the Eades and Grim pH test. This lime content came out to be 3%. The lime content was replaced using ESA in the proportions of 33%, 50%, 67% and 100%. Unconfined compression test specimens of dimension 38 mm x 76 mm were cast for different combinations and were cured for periods of 3, 7 and 28 days. Samples were also subjected to 1, 3 and 5 cycles of wetting and drying to understand its durability. After the designated curing periods and cycles of wetting and drying, they were strained axially till failure. Atterberg limits tests were done to determine the plasticity of the stabilized soil. The strength results indicated that ESA cannot be used under normal conditions as a replacement for lime, however, ESA replacement resulted in good durability of the specimens under conditions of wetting and drying. It was concluded that ESA replacement of lime can be adopted in conditions of wetting and drying.

Study Of The Effectiveness Of The Use Of Gypsum And Volcanic Ash On Stability Of The Clay Soil Based On The CBR Value And The Unconfined Compression Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Ade Indra Utama Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Compression Test ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Native Soil

Stabilization is one of the efforts to improve the condition of the soil which has a poor index of properties. One of the soil stabilization that is usually done is by adding chemicals to the soil. Chemicals commonly used in the form of cement, lime, bitumen. In this study, the stabilization of clay was carried out by adding gypsum and volcanic ash. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the index properties due to the addition of 2% gypsum and volcanic ash on the clay soil, then to determine the maximum compressive strength value due to the addition of variations in stabilizing materials by testing the Unconfined Compression Test (UCT) and testing the California Bearing Ratio (CBR). ) laboratory. From the research, it was found that the original soil sample had a moisture content of 12.42%; specific weight 2.65; liquid limit 46.82% and plasticity index 29.40%. The original soil classification according to USCS is classified as Clay – Low Plasticity (CL) and according to AASHTO it is classified as A-7-6 (10). Unconfined Compression Test (UCT) values ​​for native soil and native soil plus 2% gypsum were 1.40 kg/cm2 and 1.66 kg/cm2. The laboratory CBR values ​​for soaked and unsoaked for the original soil were 4.44% and 6.28%, respectively. While the laboratory CBR values ​​soaked and unsoaked for the original soil plus 2% gypsum were 6.74% and 8.02%, respectively.The most effective results were obtained from a mixture of 2% gypsum and 10% volcanic ash with a UCT value of 2.79 kg/cm2 (an increase of 99.28%). For laboratory CBR testing, the most effective mixture was on a mixed variation of 2% gypsum and 9% volcanic ash with laboratory CBR values ​​soaked and unsoaked of 9.07% (an increase of 104.27% from the original soil) and 10 ,29% (an increase of 63.85% from the original land). The soil that has been mixed with the most effective stabilizer material, namely 2% gypsum and 9% volcanic ash is classified as Clay - Low Plasticity (CL) based on the USCS classification and is classified as A-6 (4) based on the AASHTO classification.

Studi Pengaruh Abu Batu Bata terhadap SifatFisik dan Mekanik Lempung Terstabilisasi Kapur dari Kecamatan Tenayan Raya

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Soewignjo Agus Nugroho ◽  
Ferry Fatnanta ◽  
Giri Prayoga
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Setup Time ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Optimal Moisture Content

Tenayan Raya Subdistrict is an area that has a thickness of soft clay layer. Some cases of building failure were cracks and tilts due to high shrinkage of soil. Nearby is also a brick home industry center, where ashes are produced from bricks burning. Soil Improvement of Tenayan-Raya's Clay and utilization of brick ash will be carried out in this research. This study aims to stabilize the soil with lime and utilize the brick ash to improve shear strength and bearing capacity of the soil. The study was conducted in the laboratory by making several combinations of content clay, lime, and Brick Ash (BA), for the soil mixture which will be added with 10% ash brick. The effect of curing and soaked will also be seen for its rising on soil properties of Unconfined Compression Strength, and CBR laboratories. The influence of water will also be reviewed on the dry side, optimal moisture content, and wet side. The test results show that the Soil has Low Plasticity soil type category CL-ML symbols, according to the Unified classification. Increasing of strength due to stabilization with lime is obtained in conditions of water in optimal moisture content, where the addition of lime is 10% and 10% brick ash, was produced to increase the maximum value of Unconfined Compression Strength and CBR laboratory value. Curing setup time and saturation (soaked) also had affect the value of Unconfined Compressive Strength and CBR laboratory test. At longer time for curing, shear strength will rise proved by the value of UCS Test andbearing capacity value also increase that can be seen of the laboratory CBR test. Curing will make the shrinkage of clay reduced, this can be proven from differences value of Unconfined Compressive strength test between samples with and without soaked, are relatively small. 

scholarly journals Soil Stabilization on Problematic Soil with Traditional Stabilizer

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 11361-11364
Keyword(s):  
Compression Test ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Virgin Soil ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Problematic Soil ◽  
Made In

The tumble down behaviour of super structure and substructure is caused due to the problematic soil which is more prone to shrink-swell process. In this event to contrive, a substitute which is naturally available has been blended with virgin soil. The basic Engineering properties has been studied which shows more positive results towards Atterberg’s Limit. The mould is embossed with the soil with lime at different proportion of 0 %, 2%, 4% and 8 %. The strength of the soil was studied with help of unconfined compression test. For 8% lime, UCC value is 2250 kPa in 28 days which shows the formation of cementitious material. An attempt made in this paper is to show the firmness of soil and lime.

UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOFT CLAY MIXED WITH DIFFERENT PERCENTAGES OF LIME AND SILICA FUME

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (8-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzamir Hasan ◽  
Ali Jamal Alrubaye ◽  
Leong Kah Seng ◽  
Mohammad Syafiq Ideris ◽  
Aminaton Marto
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Coefficient Of Permeability

Soil stabilisation, as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method, is used in the building of systems like roads, dams, canals and river levels. Chemical stabilisation of soil is carried out by adding binder or by-products like lime and silica fume to the soil thereby modifying the geotechnical performance of the soil. Various researchers have carried out research on the properties of soil, such as its compaction, compressibility, hydraulic conductivity, and strength characteristics. The focus of the study was the determination of the physical properties of the soft clay used and the strength of soft clay (kaolin) mixed with 6 % of silica fume and various percentages (3 %, 5 %, 7 % and 9 %) of lime. Unconfined compression test was carried out on the soft clay and the mixtures of soft clay-lime-silica fume to investigate the effect of lime stabilisation with silica fume additives on the unconfined compressive strength of the mixtures. Based on the results obtained, all soil samples were indicated as soils with medium plasticity. From 0 % to 9 % of lime with 6 % of silica fume, the decreased in the maximum dry density was by 5.92 % and the increased in the optimum moisture content was by 23.5 %. Decreased in the coefficient of permeability of the mixtures occurred when compared to the coefficient of permeability of the soft clay itself. The improvement in shear strength of soft clay mixed with 6 % silica fume and 5 % lime was 29.83 % compared to the shear strength of the soft clay sample. The optimal percentage of lime-silica fume combination was attained at 5.0 % of lime and 6.0 % of silica fume in order to improve the shear strength of soft clay. It can be concluded that lime-silica fume additives improved the unconfined compressive strength of the soft clay.

scholarly journals Effects of Soil Properties on the Performance of TRD Cut-Off Wall

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Haomin Song ◽  
Kaijun Rui ◽  
Juncai Li ◽  
Shengnian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Microscopic Mechanism ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Cement Soil

The trench cutting remixing deep wall (TRD) method is a new cement soil cut-off wall construction technique, which has been widely used in cofferdam, embankment dam, and underground waterproof curtain structures. The chain cutter of TRD moves horizontally to cut and stir different soil layers by up and down to form a cement-mixed soil diaphragm wall with continuous and uniform thickness, the mechanics and permeability of which are obviously different from those of cement soil with a horizontally mixed single soil layer in traditional deep mixing pile (DMP). In this paper, five sets of onsite walling tests with different cement ratios were carried out to analyse the unconfined compression and permeability of undisturbed cement-mixed soil in TRD. The difference of both unconfined compressive and permeability coefficients in between TRD and DMP was analysed to discuss the stirring performance of TRD. Then, the microscopic mechanism of soil properties affecting the performance of cement-mixed soil has been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in the unconfined compression strength test and permeability coefficient test of cement soil with different mixed soil properties. The test results show that the unconfined compressive strength of cement-mixed soil is closely correlated to its gradation. As the mixed soil gradation curve approaches to the Fuller curve, the unconfined compressive strength would gradually increase. In mesoscopic, cement fine sand has a large pore structure, and the average pore area is 2.46 times as cement clay. The permeability coefficient of cement-mixed soil is controlled by the proportion of fine sand content with high permeability.

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