scholarly journals Characterization of Jos City Road Network, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Olumide Akinwumi Oluwole ◽  
Nwanret Gideon Daful
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Network Graph ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cyclomatic Number ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Alpha Index

ἀe performance of road network depends on its topological characteristics which help to deḀne its connectiv-ity. ἀis paper analyses the topological characteristic of Jos city road network and its bearing on traᴀc ᰀow situations. Simple graph theoretic measures oᬀered the framework on which the problem was approached. ἀe study requires the abstraction and analysis of the topological structure by selection of certain variables relating to the road connectivity. ἀese include the Beta, Gamma and Alpha index, the PI, Cyclomatic number, and the spread and density of the network. Information on these variables was obtained through the use of vector data model to abstract the road network graph from the Quick-bird satellite imagery used for the study. Results of the Ḁndings reveal that, the road network of Jos City Centre as a whole have achieved an average level of connectivity, showing Beta index values of 1.4049, Gamma index value of 47.06%, Alpha index Value of 20.63%; and a pi and cyclomatic number of 24.74 and 165 respectively, the spread of the network is moderate exhibiting a value of 23, even though some areas have more concentration of roads than the others; and has a road density of 52 links per km2. Based on these Ḁndings, the need for construction of new roads is imperative so as to improve the eᴀciency of connectivity and accessibility within the city.

scholarly journals Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram based Road Network Characteristics Identification and Simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 04051
Author(s):  
Yi Yu ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Xianglun Mo ◽  
Yao Yu ◽  
Mei liu
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Link Length ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
The Road ◽  
Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Flow Equilibrium ◽  
The Relationship

As an inherent property of the road network, macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) method can effectively describe the traffic status of the urban roads and identify the relationship among key factors, such as traffic flow and occupancy. Currently, using MFD is easily affected by various network inner factors including topology and road density, so in this paper we propose a method to identify inner characteristic of road network and do a series of comparisons under different scenarios with fixed traffic input circumstance. The differential impact of data collector setting locations are discussed with a aim to reveal the respective location setting suitable for various networks conditions in initial; then road topology and density are designed in road network and simulated MFD performances with flow equilibrium affections. It is shown as the dispersion decreasing of link length or road density of network, the network exhibits better operation efficiency so as to increase the output of link flow and the dissipative ability of the road network. Meanwhile, the equivalent of entrances and exits is proved as another important factor has same impact on MFD.

scholarly journals Jaringan Transportasi dan Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata di Kota Cirebon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millary Agung Widiawaty ◽  
G P Pramulatsih ◽  
V Pebriani
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Network System ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Accessible Region ◽  
System Components ◽  
Network Spatial Analysis ◽  
Alpha Index

Tourism development needs a good accessibility to support regional connectivity. This study aims to analyse the role of transportation network for tourism destination development in the Cirebon City. This research uses GIS-based network spatial analysis to obtain road network system components in each sub-district, thus transportation indices value which includes alpha index, beta index, Gama index, eta index and road density network. The results shows The Cirebon City has low-medium connectivity and accessibility with alpha index 0.1323, beta index 1.2608, Gama index, 0.4221, eta index 0.1576 and road network density reach 20.869 km / km2. On sub-district level, Pekalipan is the most accessible region based on all parameters of road network and create a suitable place for tourism development in the Cirebon City.

scholarly journals Investigating Accidents on the Main Road Network in The North-West Region of Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Rodica Dorina Cadar ◽  
Rozalia Melania Boitor ◽  
Mara Dumitrescu ◽  
Petru Daniel Măran
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Main Road ◽  
North West ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
West Region ◽  
The Eu

The paper investigates the accidents and fatalities on the main road network in the North-West Region of Romania over a period of 4 years (2015– 2018). The aim of the paper is to highlight some shortcomings and suggest possible improvements of the road network in order to reduce the number of accidents and fatalities. Detailed analyses, including statistical and spatial statistical analyses, were conducted on the accidents involving goods and public transport vehicles considering the scale of their impact. As a result, black corridors and vulnerable municipalities were identified. They were found to be related to the reduced main road density and high levels of freight traffic transit. In conclusion, with one of the lowest motorization rates in the EU and given the important efforts already made by the police, improving road network in Romania becomes the key for reducing accident and fatality rates in the region. In this regard, it is suggested that motorways and ring roads are needed in order to bypass the vulnerable municipalities. The results of this research may enable planners and administrations to act strategically to improve road safety in the critical areas, to prioritize actions for road network development and to formulate better strategies to ensure road safety.

scholarly journals Possibilities of Using the Direct Runoff Model KINFIL for a Road Network Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Kovář Pavel ◽  
Kubátová Šárka Dvořáková and Eliška
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Direct Runoff ◽  
The Road ◽  
Forestry Production ◽  
System Project ◽  
Runoff Model ◽  
Precipitation Reduction

The paper provides a practical implementation of the hydrological model KINFIL to be used for design­ing an optimal road density system in areas where agricultural or forestry production does not play an important role. In particular, such a road system project is based on the physiographic characteristics of land. Input data for a direct runoff analysis are computed in relation to the geometric parameters of upstream sub-catchments using the method of maximum daily precipitation reduction. Computed direct runoff discharges depend mainly on soil and vegetation conditions. Besides the soil type characteristics, the length and the angle of hill slopes to be drained by a road drainage system are major parameters determining the road density. These discharges are further assessed for road drain capacities designed according to the Czech Standard System (ČSN).

A Stochastic Frontier Approach Applied to Farms to Selected Andean Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Otávio Freitas ◽  
Felipe de F. Silva ◽  
Mateus C. R. Neves
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Approach ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
The Road ◽  
Andean Countries ◽  
Stochastic Production ◽  
On The Road

In this paper, we estimate a stochastic production function for Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru to investigate whether road infrastructure affects farm technical inefficiency. We use agricultural censuses of Colombia and Bolivia in 2013 and 2014, respectively; national agricultural surveys in 2017 of both Ecuador and Peru; and data on the road network and travel time to the nearest town with 50,000 inhabitants or more. Our main findings are that irrigation increases the value of production and road network decreases farm technical inefficiency, that is, road density (travel time) increases (decreases) farm technical efficiency.

DESIGNING AN OPTIMAL FOREST ROAD NETWORK BY CONSIDERATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN GIS OPTIMALIŲ MIŠKO KELIŲ TINKLO PROJEKTAVIMAS ĮVERTINUS POVEIKĮ APLINKAI GIS PROGRAMA / ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ OПTИMAЛЬHOЙ CETИ ЛECHЫX ДOPOГ С УЧЕТОМ BOЗДEЙCTBИЯ HA OKPYЖAЮЩYЮ CPEДY, ОЦЕНЕННОГО С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ГИС

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ataollah Hosseini ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mazrae ◽  
Majid Lotfalian ◽  
Aidin Parsakhoo
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
Road Verge ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Planning ◽  
Golestan Province ◽  
Northern Forests ◽  
The Cost

Planning of forest road network is the most important issue for sustainable management of northern forests in Iran. This study represented a technical method of forest road planning by using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) in Vatan forestry plan of Golestan province, Iran. The aim of this study was to find out options for the optimization of skid trail length and for decreasing the negative effects of redundant skid trail length. Results of this study showed that the total length of forest road and the road network density was 36745 m and 8.68 m ha−1, respectively. 54% of the area was covered by these roads. 98.06 km skid trail was planned from road verge into the forest interior. The density of this skidding trail was 23.17 m ha−1. The suggested road network length measured using GIS was 47.23 km. Road density was 10.87 m ha−1, with 79% coverage. Skid trail length was 81.04 km, and skid trail density was 19.15 m ha−1. On the basis of GIS measurements, the skid trails on new road network system had shorter length and more frequency. This causes to decrease the cost of primary transportation. Moreover, in this plan the roads with suitable coverage passed from stable slopes. Santrauka Miško kelių tinklo planavimas – viena svarstomų problemų, siekiant užtikrinti tvarią miškotvarkos sistemą šiaurinėje Irano dalyje esančiuose miškuose. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomas miško kelių planavimo techninis metodas, taikant GIS (geografinės informacinės sistemos) programą ir naudojant Vatan miško, Golestan provincijoje, Irane, planus. Šio tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti galimybes, kaip optimizuoti miško keliukų ilgį ir sumažinti neigiamą poveikį miškui, mažinant perteklinį šių keliukų trasos ilgį. Pirminiai rezultatai parodė, kad bendras esamų kelių ilgis siekia 36 745 km, kelių tinklas aprėpė 54% visos tiriamosios teritorijos, tankis siekė 8,68 m ha−1, o optimalus miško kelių tinklas buvo rengiamas pagal esamą 98,06 km ilgio miško keliukų tinklą, kurio tankis – 23,17 m ha−1. Bendras siūlomo kelių tinklo ilgis siekia 47,23 km, tankumas – 10,87 m ha−1, jis aprėpia 79% teritorijos. Miško keliukų ilgis – 81,04 km, tankumas – 19,15 m·ha−1. Remiantis GIS matavimais, naujo miško keliukų tinklo keliukai buvo trumpesni, tačiau jų tinklas tankesnis. Dėl šios priežasties mažėja pirminės transporto išlaidos ir sukuriama optimali miško keliukų aprėptis, pagerinamas prieinamumas. Резюме Планирование сети лесных дорог является одним из важнейших вопросов при создании упорядоченной системылесохозяйствования в северной части Ирана. В статье представлен технический метод планирования лесохозяйственной деятельности (прокладки дорог) с использованием ГИС и плана леса Ватан в провинции Гулистан Ирана. Целью исследования было выяснить возможности оптимизации длины лесных дорог и уменьшениянегативных последствий их избыточной длины. Результаты исследования показали, что общая протяженность существующих лесных дорог составляет 36 745 км, сеть дорог охватывает 54% всей исследованной территории,ее плотность – 8,68 м га−1. Оптимальная сеть лесных дорог создавалась на основании имеющейся сети лесных дорог, протяженность которой 98,06 км, плотность – 23,17 м гa−1. Протяженность предлагаемой сети дорог составит 47,23 км, плотность – 10,87 м гa−1, она охватит 79% территории. Длина лесных дорог составит 81,04 км, а плотность – 19,15 м·гa−1. На основании измерений, проведенных с использованием ГИС, длина дорог лесной сети стала короче, а сеть более густой. В связи с этим снижаются первичные затраты на транспорт, охват леснымидорогами становится более оптимальным, увеличивается доступность.

scholarly journals OPTIMAL CONTROL WITH THE DYNAMIC CHANGE OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE ROAD NETWORK

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Bede ◽  
Tamás Péter
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Special Method ◽  
Network Graph ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Systems

Optimization of traffic on a large public road network is a complex task. Reversible direction lane theory is an interesting and special method within this subject. This can completely support the fluctuation or alteration of main congested directions existing in the traffic dynamics (time of day, seasonal, etc.) on the existing road surfaces. In such case, certain subsystems of the main network cease to exist, and subsystems working with new connections take their place. This type of routing therefore changes the structure of the system ‘in an optimal direction’, but many practical and safety questions arise. The authors have examined the modelling of a Reversible Lane System (RLS) created based on a simple part of a road network, which is segmented into elements. Functions of each network element and contacts between them cease operating in the course of such change while new contacts and new function elements are activated instead. The article presents the mathematical modelling of the problem. It points out the fundamental questions of the structure change and exemplifies the above using a simple example. The authors studied a general mathematical model describing the RLS. They examined the availability of the optimal control in a sample network depending on the traffic density, using a new principle, which responds to the dynamic change of the structure of the network graph. It can be shown, that the results from the model are in harmony with the real traffic values based on measurements made in road traffic systems working with RLS.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Benefits from a Major Infrastructure Improvement: The Case of Thessaloniki Western Ring Road Upgrade to Eliminate at Grade Signalised Intersections

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Marios D. Miltiadou ◽  
Efstathios Bouhouras
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
System Development ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
The City

Abstract Thessaloniki is the second largest city in Greece and its transportation system (development and operation) is hampered by the city’s geographical position and surrounding relief. Specifically, the city has been developed and expanded through the years along the coastline, the sea boundary on the southwest, and a second physical boundary, a forest, on the east side. The Thessaloniki Ring Road (divided in western and eastern part) was constructed in the early ‘90s, in order to relief the road network of the city centre from the transit traffic and confront the gradually increasing congestion. The absence of alternatives other than road transport and the increase of car ownership over the years led to an increase of motorized traffic. So even that this Ring Road had been designed to serve 30,000 vehicles daily it became to serve more than triple traffic just before the impacts of the economic crisis on transport and mobility have been made visible. The Western Internal Ring Road of Thessaloniki (WIRRT) has length of 8.4km. It has three lanes per direction separated by a median and no emergency lanes. The traffic increase and moreover the existence of eight at grade intersections along the WIRRT degrade the provided level of service. For the elimination of these intersections an upgrade project is underway for implementation that includes the construction of five grade separated intersections and several interventions on the adjacent road network. This paper presents in brief the methodology and the results of the project’s Cost-Benefit Analysis, which assessed the expected socioeconomic benefits, emerging mainly from minimising the delays for users due to the elimination of the at grade signalised intersections.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE STREET-ROAD NETWORK WHEN CONSTRUCTING THE ROAD GRAPH IN THE TRANSPORT MODEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-283
Author(s):  
V. N. Myachin ◽  
◽  
K. S. Borovikova ◽  
D. P. Krivtsov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Network Graph ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Transport Problems

Constructing transport models is a relevant tool for solving various transport problems. The article discusses one of the important stages of creating a transport model — building a graph of a street-road network. The examples of the graphs of the street-road network of cities developed by the authors are presented. Special attention is paid to the features of road classification when developing a graph. The analysis of normative documents, in accordance with which a class is assigned to roads and streets in the Russian Federation, is carried out. Three ways of developing a road network graph are proposed. Methods for constructing a graph using data on the street-road network from the open cartographic source OSM are described in more detail. The main problems of applying each of the methods are outlined. The main problem is the discrepancy between the classification of roads from the OSM and the classification of roads of the Russian Federation adopted in the regulatory documents. Variants of simplifying the construction of the road network graph in the transport model are suggested.

scholarly journals Roads and Roadless Areas in Cyprus: Implications For The Natura 2000 Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Zomeni ◽  
Ioannis. N. Vogiatzakis
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Natura 2000 Network ◽  
The Road ◽  
Effective Mesh Size ◽  
Roadless Areas ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The road network in Cyprus has seen an 88% increase in the last 20 years. This expansion has not been followed by any kind of assessment on the effects of the network on nature conservation. This is the first island-wide quantitative assessment of the size, character (surface types), pervasiveness and distribution of the road system with particular reference to Natura 2000 network on the island. We mapped roadless areas (i.e. areas at least one km away from nearest road) for the whole island and examined the spatial distribution with respect to Natura 2000. We tested the relationship between overall road density and road density of different road categories within terrestrial Natura 2000 sites to four zones which were defined on the basis of landform, principal land use and ownership. We employed three indices i.e. effective mesh size, splitting and division to measure fragmentation caused by the road network within Natura 2000 and investigated the relationship between road density and the above fragmentation metrics. Mean road density in Cyprus is 2.3 km/km2 which is comparable to road density values recorded in other Mediterranean countries such as France, Spain and Italy, which have much larger area and population. Roadless areas cover 4.5% of the island, and despite being scattered 80% is found within Natura 2000, which demonstrates the added value of the network for nature conservation. Road expansion has taken place throughout the island with the same intensity irrespectively of the zones examined. Fragmentation has been lower in sites on mountainous areas where sites are larger and under state ownership. Road density is negatively correlated (r = - 0.383, p = 0.05) with effective mesh size and positively correlated with both landscape division (r = 0.376, p = 0.05) and splitting index (r = 0.376, p = 0.05). Results corroborate that spatial configuration is an important property of the road network in addition to traffic load, length and density.With the shift from site based conservation to landscape level there is a challenge for integrating technical, human and ecological requirements into infrastructure planning.

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