scholarly journals EFFECT OF CROSSLINKING TO THE MECHANICAL PROPERTY OF APATITE GELATIN HYBRID FOR BONE SUBSTITUTION PURPOSES

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunarso Sunarso ◽  
Sutarno Sutarno ◽  
Kanji Tsuru ◽  
Ika Dewi Ana ◽  
Kunio Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Peptide Bond ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute

The clinical success of current generation of synthetic bone substitute relies on bio-inspired design which has a performance level close to that of natural one. In this context, biomedical approaches are considered very important to result bio-functional hybrid for bone substitution purposes. In this study, effect of cross-linking to the mechanical properties of apatite gelatin hybrid has been investigated. Cross-linking was employed by 1-ethyl-3-3-dimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide (EDC) agent. The EDC agent creates a peptide bond between gelatin molecules inside the hybrid to the cross-linked structure. Cross-linked structure of gelatin increases physical property of the hybrid since it can hold the outer forces longer than that of without cross-linking.

scholarly journals Embryo movements regulate tendon mechanical property development

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1759) ◽  
pp. 20170325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Sabrina Pan ◽  
Jiewen Li ◽  
Edward B. Brown ◽  
Catherine K. Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Lysyl Oxidase ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Property Development ◽  
Calcaneal Tendon ◽  
Movement Frequency ◽  
Chick Embryo Model

Tendons transmit forces from muscles to bones to enable skeletal motility. During development, tendons begin to bear load at the onset of embryo movements. Using the chick embryo model, this study showed that altered embryo movement frequency led to changes in elastic modulus of calcaneal tendon. In particular, paralysis led to decreased modulus, whereas hypermotility led to increased modulus. Paralysis also led to reductions in activity levels of lysyl oxidase (LOX), an enzyme that we previously showed is required for cross-linking-mediated elaboration of tendon mechanical properties. Additionally, inhibition of LOX activity abrogated hypermotility-induced increases in modulus. Taken together, our findings suggest embryo movements are critical for tendon mechanical property development and implicate LOX in this process. These exciting findings expand current knowledge of how functional tendons form during development and could guide future clinical approaches to treat tendon defects associated with abnormal mechanical loading in utero . This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Mechanics of development’.

In Vivo Behavior of a Custom-Made 3D Synthetic Bone Substitute in Sinus Augmentation Procedures in Sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Mangano ◽  
Barbara Barboni ◽  
Luca Valbonetti ◽  
Paolo Berardinelli ◽  
Alessandra Martelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute ◽  
Sinus Cavity ◽  
Custom Made

In this study, the in vivo behavior of a custom-made three-dimensional (3D) synthetic bone substitute was evaluated when used as scaffold for sinus augmentation procedures in an animal model. The scaffold was a calcium phosphate ceramic fabricated by the direct rapid prototyping technique, dispense-plotting. The geometrical and chemical properties of the scaffold were first analyzed through light and electron scanning microscopes, helium picnometer, and semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction measurements. Then, 6 sheep underwent monolateral sinus augmentation with the fabricated scaffolds. The animals were euthanized after healing periods of 45 and 90 days, and block sections including the grafted area were obtained. Bone samples were subjected to micro computerized tomography, morphological and histomorphometric analyses. A complete integration of the scaffold was reported, with abundant deposition of newly formed bone tissue within the biomaterial pores. Moreover, initial foci of bone remodeling were mainly localized at the periphery of the implanted area after 45 days, while continuous bridges of mature lamellar bone were recorded in 90-day specimens. This evidence supports the hypothesis that bone regeneration proceeds from the periphery to the center of the sinus cavity. These results showed how a technique allowing control of porosity, pore design, and external shape of a ceramic bone substitute may be valuable for producing synthetic bone grafts with good clinical performances.

In Vitro and In Vivo Osteoinductive and Osteoconductive Properties of a Synthetic Bone Substitute

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. e432-e439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Conserva ◽  
Federico Foschi ◽  
Ranieri Cancedda ◽  
Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute
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