scholarly journals Clinical studies of calcium antagonists. Hypotensive effects of nicardipine (YC-93) on abnormal hypertension in patients under general anesthesia.

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-245
Author(s):  
IKUTO YOSHIYA
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Calcium Antagonists ◽  
Clinical Studies

Is Childhood General Anesthesia Exposure An Etiological Contributor to Cognitive Impairment?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Yi Tian ◽  
Peiyu Liu ◽  
Weisong Liu ◽  
Qiaojing Xu ◽  
Xiangkun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Immature Brain

General anesthesia is necessary for patients to undergo surgery and invasive procedures. However, numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated widespread developmental neurotoxicity of the commonly used anesthetics and sedatives for the immature brain. Clinical studies also suggest a strong correlation between childhood anesthesia exposure and subsequent behavioral or cognitive impairment in adulthood. These findings have attracted increasing attention of anesthesiologists, pediatricians, and caregivers about the safety of anesthesia exposure in children, especially during early childhood. Herein, the aim of this review was to present the molecular mechanism of general anesthesia and its effects on the developing brain and introduce the recent clinical evidence of changes in cognition function post-childhood general anesthesia exposure. More importantly, some of the spots will be importantly discussed to scrutinize the phenomena; only in this way, it may help minimize or eliminate relevant risk factors.

scholarly journals Clinical Studies on Gingival Hyperplasia Induced by Calcium Antagonists (Nifedipine, Diltiazem).

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-502
Author(s):  
Hisao IMAI ◽  
Thizuko OGATA ◽  
Tadahiro MORIKUNI ◽  
Akira YAMAOKA ◽  
Naochika DOMAE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Antagonists ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia

Calcium-Channel Antagonists for Prevention of Atherosclerosis

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn M. Borcherding ◽  
Suzanne G. Meeves ◽  
Neil E. Klutman ◽  
Patricia A. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Antagonists ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
English Language ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Calcium Channel Antagonists ◽  
Trial Duration

OBJECTIVE: To critically evaluate the current literature regarding the role of calcium-channel antagonists in preventing atherosclerosis. DATA SOURCES: English language clinical studies, abstracts, conference proceedings, and review articles pertaining to calcium-channel antagonists and atherosclerosis. STUDY SELECTION: Relevant animal and human studies examining the role of calcium-channel antagonists in atherosclerosis prevention and treatment. DATA EXTRACTION: Potential mechanisms for the development of atherosclerosis and the use of calcium antagonists for preventing and treating coronary artery disease are discussed. Animal studies are summarized; next, significant data from human clinical studies are presented. DATA SYNTHESIS: Available studies are described and discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Results from animal and clinical trials in humans suggest that calcium antagonists may retard the development and progression of atherosclerosis. However, most clinical trials to date have been conducted in patients with proven atherosclerotic plaques. Further studies examining the role of calcium-channel antagonists in preventing and treating atherosclerosis are needed, but may be difficult to conduct because of the large numbers of patients required, long trial duration, and associated costs.

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