Spreadsheets as a tool for statistical calculations: suggestions for a sounder approach (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Lundqvist
Keyword(s):  
Limited Resources ◽  
General Level ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Systems Software ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Require Data ◽  
Statistical Functions

UNSTRUCTURED In many workplaces, tables, bar charts and run charts abound. The tools used are mostly common spreadsheet systems such as Microsoft Excel. These systems are used for different kinds of tasks. They are flexible and powerful, but there are also drawbacks. Many of these lie on a general level and result mostly in waste of time and resources, but other issues can definitely result in severe errors. There are still valid reasons to use spreadsheets for statistical purposes: licenses are available at low costs and some statistical functions are present. Despite their shortcomings, spreadsheets will not be replaced in any foreseeable future. They are used both for administrative and "analytical" purposes. In research, spreadsheets are also commonly used to share data. The goal is to point at some simple routines in common spreadsheets which still are not that commonly known, specifically those called pivot tables in Microsoft Excel. Better spreadsheet skills and knowledge of how to set up pivot tables could make it possible for both experienced analysts and staff with less statistical training to make everyday basic calculations with little effort and without specialized software. Moreover, since these routines require data to be set up in way in line with how data must be organized in statistical software, future use of such systems software is simplified. Furthermore, the necessary training can be achieved with limited resources. So _everyone_ should have pivot tables as part of their everyday skills.

scholarly journals AGRICULTURAL IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ON DISTRICT LEVEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 445-450
Author(s):  
H. Harizanova-Bartos
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Scientific Project ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Agricultural Impact

With the introduction of new farming techniques and methods, the agrarian sector should be transformed into economically and environmentally friendly way. The Bulgarian districts are 28 and most of them are rural that contribute to the Bulgarian economy with GDP from agricultural products. The main aim of the study is to reveal the connection between the agrarian indicators GDP from agriculture and utilized agricultural area and their impact on the level of environmental pollution. The set up tasks are as follows: 1) Literature findings of the connection between agriculture and environmental pollution; 2) Methodology based on correlation, regression and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) of the impact on GDP from agriculture and environmental pollution; 3) Main findings, recommendations and conclusions. The results are part of scientific project DN 15/8 2017 “Sustainable multifunctional rural areas: reconsidering agricultural models and systems with increased demands and limited resources”, funded by the Bulgarian science fund.

scholarly journals Smartphone-based diagnostic for preeclampsia: an mHealth solution for administering the Congo Red Dot (CRD) test in settings with limited resources

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Michael Jonas ◽  
Thomas Martin Deserno ◽  
Catalin Sorin Buhimschi ◽  
Jennifer Makin ◽  
Michael Andrew Choma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Automated Processing ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Objective Morbidity and mortality due to preeclampsia in settings with limited resources often results from delayed diagnosis. The Congo Red Dot (CRD) test, a simple modality to assess the presence of misfolded proteins in urine, shows promise as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for preeclampsia. We propose an innovative mobile health (mHealth) solution that enables the quantification of the CRD test as a batch laboratory test, with minimal cost and equipment. Methods A smartphone application that guides the user through seven easy steps, and that can be used successfully by non-specialized personnel, was developed. After image acquisition, a robust analysis runs on a smartphone, quantifying the CRD test response without the need for an internet connection or additional hardware. In the first stage, the basic image processing algorithms and supporting test standardizations were developed using urine samples from 218 patients. In the second stage, the standardized procedure was evaluated on 328 urine specimens from 273 women. In the third stage, the application was tested for robustness using four different operators and 94 altered samples. Results In the first stage, the image processing chain was set up with high correlation to manual analysis (z-test P < 0.001). In the second stage, a high agreement between manual and automated processing was calculated (Lin’s concordance coefficient ρ c = 0.968). In the last stage, sources of error were identified and remedies were developed accordingly. Altered samples resulted in an acceptable concordance with the manual gold-standard (Lin’s ρc = 0.914). Conclusion Combining smartphone-based image analysis with molecular-specific disease features represents a cost-effective application of mHealth that has the potential to fill gaps in access to health care solutions that are critical to reducing adverse events in resource-poor settings.

Evolution and Coevolution: Dynamic Knowledge Capability Building for Catching-up in Emerging Economies

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Dong ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Na Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Capability Building ◽  
Knowledge Capability ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Set Up

ABSTRACTKnowledge has always been a strategic resource for firms; however, there is a lack of research regarding how a firm's knowledge management (KM) contributes to its capability catching-up and adaptation in emerging economies. This article focuses on the knowledge capability building of Chinese private firms that were set up in the 1990s and pays particular attention to how firms with limited resources and knowledge went on to achieve remarkable success. This paper presents its analysis through a multi-level co-evolutionary lens and a case study on the Li-Ning Company. The case study depicts the macro coevolution between the changing business environment and the firm's strategic choices, as well as the micro coevolution of the organizational strategy and the KM orientations, processes, and infrastructures within the firm. The research sheds light on the dynamic capability building trajectory for the firms in emerging economies.

scholarly journals Diagnostic bronchoscopy: an experience in a hospital of limited resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3558
Author(s):  
Chingakham Debeshwar Singh ◽  
P. Wilubuibou ◽  
Thounaojam Amusana Singh
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Diagnostic Bronchoscopy ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Background: Diagnostic bronchoscopy is conventionally performed in evaluating undiagnosed abnormal chest x-ray findings, undiagnosed haemoptysis, pleural effusion, unexplained cough and collapse of lung etc. One indispensable use currently is for diagnosis of lung cancer. The aim of the study was to study the various types of patients who have undergone Diagnostic Bronchoscopy in a hospital of limited resources and the diagnostic outcomes of the procedures.Methods: A retrospective study of Bronchoscopies was done from October 2016 to January 2018, in Department of Respiratory Medicine in the hospital of a Medical College. All 178 patients of all age and any sex were included in the study. These patients present in the study had chest X-ray and CT scan of thorax. Other investigations done were ZN stains for AFB and CBNAAT-TB (Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test) for sputum and blood complete haemogram, prior to bronchoscopy.Results: Our study has shown that Diagnostic bronchoscopy is particularly useful in diagnosis of lung cancer, sputum smear negative Tuberculosis, if proper selection of cases is done even in a centre of limited resources. It has become an absolute necessity in a medical college hospital.Conclusions: Bronchoscopy in our resource limited set up shows that it is an indispensable tool for diagnosis of lung cancer with patients with clinical presentations of lung collapse, unresolved consolidation, lung masses, undiagnosed pleural effusions and haemoptysis. The usefulness can be much better if facilities like TBNA, EBUS are made available.

Mexico's Queretaro will benefit from oil price crash

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policies ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Central State ◽  
Investment Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Low Costs

Subject Queretaro's industrial success. Significance The central state of Queretaro has emerged in recent years as an economic powerhouse, notably in the automotive and aerospace sectors. Geographical advantages, public policies and the state's relatively safe investment environment have combined to achieve positive impacts on investments, growth and employment, making the state one of the most successful and wealthy in Mexico. Impacts Mexico's aerospace industry should grow for the foreseeable future, due to the availability of skilled professionals at low costs. Exports of light products are likely to increase markedly as Queretaro's international airport grows in prominence and expands its routes. The success of the aerospace industry in Queretaro should enhance the links between industries and universities in other states.

The Theory of Stochastic Preferences: Further Comments and Clarifications

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
General Level ◽  
Product Class ◽  
Multinomial Model ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Brand Switching ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Switching Models ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Stochastic Preference

The theory of stochastic preference and brand switching uses market share data and a parameter ρ for generating switching matrices. In particular, ρ facilitates the generation of different matrices for different product categories having similar market shares. The parameter ρ has been termed a measure of product class brand loyalty. Because of the numerous conceptual definitions of brand loyalty, the author provides some additional insights into the meaningful interpretation of ρ. Furthermore, he emphasizes that at a general level a nonhomogeneous multinomial model can be used to represent most of the brand switching models.

A roadshow of library resources: familiarize students with what you have

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Lai
Keyword(s):  
Information Literacy ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Simple Set ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
Music Databases ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Teaching Time

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe how the popular culture of flash mob inspired the creation of the library roadshows and elaborate on the conducting of flash outreach events to market music databases to students with limited resources. Design/methodology/approach – By not requesting faculty for in-class teaching time, the promotion of library e-resources took place beyond the library building, in places where students live and hangout, and during the short window when students mingle before classes. Simple set-up with laptops and a movable large screen TV was used for brief database demonstration. Findings – The provision of quick demos and on-the-go consultations of e-resources through the library roadshows proved to encourage usage and obtain a higher return on investment without requiring much extra manpower and funding. Students also welcomed this new way of learning without having to go to a class. Social implications – Seeing students and offering services where students live and hangout help make the library more visible and blend librarians in students’ campus life. Originality/value – While information literacy workshops oftentimes happen inside the library or during a class hour, the library roadshows go beyond physical boundaries and take information literacy instruction to where the targeted audience is. Not only are these flash outreach events quick and easy to conduct, but this casual learning also fits the learning behavior of the millennial generation who wants everything succinct and straight to the point.

scholarly journals High-order computational fluid dynamics tools for aircraft design

2014 ◽  
Vol 372 (2022) ◽  
pp. 20130318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Complex Flows ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
Set Up

Most forecasts predict an annual airline traffic growth rate between 4.5 and 5% in the foreseeable future. To sustain that growth, the environmental impact of aircraft cannot be ignored. Future aircraft must have much better fuel economy, dramatically less greenhouse gas emissions and noise, in addition to better performance. Many technical breakthroughs must take place to achieve the aggressive environmental goals set up by governments in North America and Europe. One of these breakthroughs will be physics-based, highly accurate and efficient computational fluid dynamics and aeroacoustics tools capable of predicting complex flows over the entire flight envelope and through an aircraft engine, and computing aircraft noise. Some of these flows are dominated by unsteady vortices of disparate scales, often highly turbulent, and they call for higher-order methods. As these tools will be integral components of a multi-disciplinary optimization environment, they must be efficient to impact design. Ultimately, the accuracy, efficiency, robustness, scalability and geometric flexibility will determine which methods will be adopted in the design process. This article explores these aspects and identifies pacing items.

scholarly journals Analysis of the allocative efficiency of social service entities for sustainable development

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 06002
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Ogorodnikova ◽  
Alexander Mokronosov ◽  
Maria Kompaniets ◽  
Maria Khokholush ◽  
Maria Selezneva
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Relative Mass ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Procurement System

The relevance of the study lies in the essential role of the social services sector in matters of sustainable economic development. The purpose of the article is to analyze the allocative efficiency of the activities of the social service entities. The methodology of allocative efficiency makes it possible to identify a model of the organizational and economic mechanism of the social services sphere, which implements the tasks of the most efficient use of limited resources. The research results show higher efficiency of government institutions, higher volume of services provided and lower costs per client. This feature is due to the relative mass of service and low costs for the provision of stationary premises, the use of a tender procurement system.

scholarly journals Analysis of the bioclimatical comfortable conditions of Artvin province and its importance in tourismArtvin ilinin biyoklimatik konfor şartlarının analizi ve turizm bakımından önemi

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Özşahin ◽  
Çağlar Kıvanç Kaymaz ◽  
Leman Albayrak
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Gis Techniques ◽  
Tourism Climatology ◽  
Bioclimatic Comfort ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions ◽  
Set Up

<p>Tourism climatology is a popular field of study that deals with the relationship between tourism and climate through approaches such as applied climatology and human biometeorology. One of the subjects studied most in this field is the evaluation of bioclimatic comfort conditions. In recent years, inferences of this sort have been able to be made easily by use of certain indices. This study aims at evaluating and analyzing the bioclimatic comfort conditions of Artvin province by use of GIS. Within the scope of the research aim, monthly values belonging to SET*, PET, PMV, TCI, THI and SSI indices were calculated by use of meteorological data. SET*, PET, and PMV indices were determined via RayMan 1.2 while TCI, THI, and SSI indices were ascertained through Microsoft Excel 2013 supported analyses of various formulas. The obtained values were analyzed through GIS techniques. Also, statistical methods were utilized to make the research findings more meaningful. All in all, the province was seen to have comfortable conditions. This is because; the comfortable (1) class (68.9%) covers a wider area than uncomfortable (0) class (31.1%) in the province. Bioclimatic comfort classes are shaped by geographical position, elevation, and topography in Artvin province. Valleys with an elevation of less than 2000 m and coastal area are comfortable while mountainous areas (Rize, Kaçkar, Karçal, and Yalnızçam mounts) with a higher elevation are uncomfortable. The results of one-way analysis of variance (one-sample t-test) show that bioclimatic conditions have not been taken into consideration much during the planning of tourism accommodation facilities set up in Artvin province. This study evidences that GIS techniques are efficient in research on tourism climatology or bioclimatology and thus they may be used widely.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Turizm klimatolojisi, uygulamalı klimatoloji ile insan biyometeorolojisi gibi yaklaşımlarla turizm ve iklim arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen popüler bir çalışma sahasıdır. Bu sahada çalışılan öncelikli konulardan birisi de biyoklimatik konfor şartlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Son yıllarda bu tür çıkarımlar CBS (Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri) destekli olarak bazı indisler yardımıyla kolayca yapılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada CBS kullanılarak Artvin ilinin biyoklimatik konfor şartlarının değerlendirilmesi ve analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma amacı kapsamında meteorolojik veriler kullanılarak SET*, PET, PMV, TCI, THI ve SSI indislerine ait aylık değerler hesaplanmıştır. SET*, PET ve PMV RayMan 1.2 yazılımı, TCI, THI ve SSI ise çeşitli formüllerin Microsoft Excel 2013 destekli çözümlenmesiyle saptanmıştır. Ulaşılan değerler CBS teknikleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma bulgularını daha anlamlı kılmak amacıyla istatistiksel analiz yöntemlerinden de faydalanılmıştır. Sonuçta ilin konforlu şartlar taşıdığı saptanmıştır. Zira ilde konforlu (1) sınıf (% 68,9) konforsuz (0) sınıfa (% 31,1) oranla daha fazla alan kaplamaktadır. Diğer yandan ildeki biyoklimatik konfor sınıflarının coğrafi konum, yükseklik ve topoğrafik şartlara göre şekillendiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda 2000 m yükselti basamağının altındaki vadiler ile kıyı sahası konforlu, üzerindeki dağlık kesimler (Rize, Kaçkar, Karçal ve Yalnızçam dağları) ise konforsuz özelliklere sahiptir. Ayrıca tek yönlü varyans analizi (tek örneklem t-testi) sonuçlarına göre Artvin ilinde yapılmış turizm konaklama tesislerinin planlamalarında biyoklimatik koşulların çok fazla dikkate alınmadığı da belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma sayesinde turizm klimatolojisine veya biyoklimatolojiye yönelik araştırmalarda CBS tekniklerinin verimli olduğu ve yaygın bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini bir kez daha somut olarak anlaşılmıştır.</p>

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