Comparison between the Mentoring Interaction Perspectives of Mentors and Mentees in Illegal Drug Use Prevention: A Q methodology investigation (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiu-Mieh Huang ◽  
Jung-Yu Liao ◽  
Hsiao-Pei Hsu ◽  
Cheng-Yu Lin ◽  
Jong-Long Guo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Q Methodology ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Drug Use Prevention ◽  
Q Sort

BACKGROUND Only limited empirical research has compared the different perspectives of mentors and mentees regarding mentoring interactions in drug use prevention. Perspective comparisons between these groups will provide a beneficial understanding of how mentoring can be improved. Using online self-assessment to understand perspectives was an innovative approach to uncover the similarities and differences between mentors and mentees. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify and compare the patterns of shared perspectives of mentors and mentees associated with their experiences in preventing illegal drug use during the mentoring process. METHODS In this study, we applied the Q methodology to cluster participants into groups according to the similarities of their Q sorts through online self-assessment. Accordingly, 39 Q statements were developed by integrating published literature and expert opinions. Further, a total of 31 pairs of mentors and mentees participated in the study to rank the designed Q statements by using a Q sort. Subsequently, we applied PQ Method 2.35 software to perform Q factor analysis on the Q sort data from mentors and mentees. Each resulting final factor represented a group of participants with similar perspectives. RESULTS This study included separate Q factor analyses for mentors and mentees. The analyses provided a five-factor solution for the mentors that accounted for 58% of the total variance. Another five-factor solution for the mentees explained 49% of the total variance. One similarity between the groups was the need to enhance the involvement of significant others to help mentees quit drugs. Further, a major identified difference between the groups was that whereas the mentees highlighted the importance of health consequences of drug misuse in helping them stop use, the mentors did not. CONCLUSIONS The adoption of the Q methodology enabled a direct comparison of the perspectives of mentors and mentees regarding illegal drug use prevention. The elucidation of more similarities and differences between mentors and mentees could offer a more insightful understanding of preventing the drug use by mentees.

scholarly journals Perspectives Emerged from Students and Supervisory Staff Interaction in Drug Use Prevention: A Q Methodology Investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiu-Mieh Huang ◽  
Jung-Yu Liao ◽  
Hsiao-Pei Hsu ◽  
Cheng-Yu Lin ◽  
Jong-Long Guo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Q Methodology ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Drug Use Prevention ◽  
Supervisory Staff

This study aims to identify and describe the patterns of shared perspectives of students and supervisory staff associated with their interaction in drug use prevention. We applied the Q methodology to cluster participants into groups according to the similarities of their Q sorts. A total of 31 pairs of students and their supervisory staff participated in the study to rank the designed Q statements. The Q factor analysis for supervisory staff revealed a five-factor solution that accounted for 58% of the total variance. Another five-factor solution for the students explained 49% of the total variance. One similarity between the groups was the need to enhance the involvement of significant others to help the students quit drugs. A major identified difference between the groups was that whereas the students highlighted the importance of health consequences of drug use in helping them stop use, the supervisory staff did not. The elucidation of similarities and differences between supervisory staff and students could offer more insightful strategies of preventing the drug use.

Illegal drug use

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-240
Author(s):  
Richard Rogers ◽  
James L. Cavanaugh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
Illegal Drug Use

Comparing Drug Use between Welfare-Receiving Arrestees and Non-Welfare-Receiving Arrestees

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Yacoubian ◽  
Ronald J. Peters ◽  
Blake J. Urbach ◽  
Regina J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Reform Policy ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Urine Specimens

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) symbolized a comprehensive change to the nation's welfare system. Despite several provisions within PRWORA that focus on the use of illegal drugs, few studies have attempted to identify the prevalence of illegal drug use among welfare recipients. Moreover, no scholarly works have compared rates of drug use in welfare-receiving populations to those of non-welfare-receiving populations with an objective measure of drug use. In the current study, urine specimens were collected from 1,572 arrestees interviewed through Houston's Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) Program in 1999. Drug positive rates are compared between welfare-receiving arrestees ( n = 116), non-welfare receiving arrestees living below the poverty level ( n = 539), and non-welfare receiving arrestees living above the poverty level ( n = 917). Welfare-receiving arrestees were more likely to be female, older, less educated, and to test positive for opiates and benzodiazepines than the other subgroups. Implications for welfare reform policy are discussed in light of the current findings.

Does Drug Use Lower Wages?

ILR Review ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Gill ◽  
Robert J. Michaels
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Employment Effects ◽  
Soft Drugs ◽  
Hard Drugs ◽  
Unobservable Factors

This study, using microdata from the 1980 and 1984 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, examines the effects of drug use on wages and employment. Contrary to most previous researchers' findings that illegal drug use negatively affects earnings, this analysis suggests that, once an allowance is made for self-selection effects (that is, unobservable factors simultaneously affecting wages and the decision to use drugs), drug users actually received higher wages than non-drug users. A similar analysis of employment effects shows that the sample of all drug users (which included users of “hard” and “soft” drugs) had lower employment levels than non-drug users, but the smaller sample consisting only of users of hard drugs, surprisingly, did not.

When Officials Govern

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-61
Author(s):  
David Skarbek
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Prison Populations

3 shows how in Nordic counties, prison officials provide significantly more resources, more competent administration, and higher-quality governance than is found in Latin American prisons. As a result, prisoners have few reasons to spend time, energy, and resources on providing these same goods and services. The chapter goes on to show that there are few prisoner-created organizations with relatively little influence on the everyday life of prisoners, and social norms are the predominant governance mechanism in place as small prison populations make gossip and ostracism powerful tools for punishing bad behavior. Even in the sphere of illegal drug use, prisoners do not use markets to coordinate the use of resources, relying instead on a system of sharing.

Advocacy of Illegal Drug Use

2015 ◽  
pp. 108-121
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
United States Supreme Court ◽  
Supreme Court Decision ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
United States Supreme ◽  
Student Speech ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Speech Clause

This chapter examines the Morse v. Frederick (2007) case – the most recent United States Supreme Court decision about students' right to free speech under the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment. It discusses the test created in the case for determining the extent of school-censorship authority over student speech. This test, known as the Morse test, allows schools to censor student speech if the speech advocates illegal drug use. The ultimate goal of the chapter is to analyze the Morse v. Frederick case in order to determine if it gives schools any authority to censor students' off-campus speech.

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