scholarly journals Health Effects Associated With Electronic Cigarette Use: Automated Mining of Online Forums

10.2196/15684 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. e15684 ◽  
Author(s):  
My Hua ◽  
Shouq Sadah ◽  
Vagelis Hristidis ◽  
Prue Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Unified Medical Language System ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Negative Sentiment ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Medical Concepts

Background Our previous infodemiological study was performed by manually mining health-effect data associated with electronic cigarettes (ECs) from online forums. Manual mining is time consuming and limits the number of posts that can be retrieved. Objective Our goal in this study was to automatically extract and analyze a large number (>41,000) of online forum posts related to the health effects associated with EC use between 2008 and 2015. Methods Data were annotated with medical concepts from the Unified Medical Language System using a modified version of the MetaMap tool. Of over 1.4 million posts, 41,216 were used to analyze symptoms (undiagnosed conditions) and disorders (physician-diagnosed terminology) associated with EC use. For each post, sentiment (positive, negative, and neutral) was also assigned. Results Symptom and disorder data were categorized into 12 organ systems or anatomical regions. Most posts on symptoms and disorders contained negative sentiment, and affected systems were similar across all years. Health effects were reported most often in the neurological, mouth and throat, and respiratory systems. The most frequently reported symptoms and disorders were headache (n=939), coughing (n=852), malaise (n=468), asthma (n=916), dehydration (n=803), and pharyngitis (n=565). In addition, users often reported linked symptoms (eg, coughing and headache). Conclusions Online forums are a valuable repository of data that can be used to identify positive and negative health effects associated with EC use. By automating extraction of online information, we obtained more data than in our prior study, identified new symptoms and disorders associated with EC use, determined which systems are most frequently adversely affected, identified specific symptoms and disorders most commonly reported, and tracked health effects over 7 years.

scholarly journals Health Effects Associated With Electronic Cigarette Use: Automated Mining of Online Forums (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
My Hua ◽  
Shouq Sadah ◽  
Vagelis Hristidis ◽  
Prue Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Unified Medical Language System ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Negative Sentiment ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Medical Concepts

BACKGROUND Our previous infodemiological study was performed by manually mining health-effect data associated with electronic cigarettes (ECs) from online forums. Manual mining is time consuming and limits the number of posts that can be retrieved. OBJECTIVE Our goal in this study was to automatically extract and analyze a large number (>41,000) of online forum posts related to the health effects associated with EC use between 2008 and 2015. METHODS Data were annotated with medical concepts from the Unified Medical Language System using a modified version of the MetaMap tool. Of over 1.4 million posts, 41,216 were used to analyze symptoms (undiagnosed conditions) and disorders (physician-diagnosed terminology) associated with EC use. For each post, sentiment (positive, negative, and neutral) was also assigned. RESULTS Symptom and disorder data were categorized into 12 organ systems or anatomical regions. Most posts on symptoms and disorders contained negative sentiment, and affected systems were similar across all years. Health effects were reported most often in the neurological, mouth and throat, and respiratory systems. The most frequently reported symptoms and disorders were headache (n=939), coughing (n=852), malaise (n=468), asthma (n=916), dehydration (n=803), and pharyngitis (n=565). In addition, users often reported linked symptoms (eg, coughing and headache). CONCLUSIONS Online forums are a valuable repository of data that can be used to identify positive and negative health effects associated with EC use. By automating extraction of online information, we obtained more data than in our prior study, identified new symptoms and disorders associated with EC use, determined which systems are most frequently adversely affected, identified specific symptoms and disorders most commonly reported, and tracked health effects over 7 years.

scholarly journals A joint ERS/ATS policy statement: what constitutes an adverse health effect of air pollution? An analytical framework

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1600419 ◽  
Author(s):  
George D. Thurston ◽  
Howard Kipen ◽  
Isabella Annesi-Maesano ◽  
John Balmes ◽  
Robert D. Brook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Policy Statement ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
New Biomarkers

The American Thoracic Society has previously published statements on what constitutes an adverse effect on health of air pollution in 1985 and 2000. We set out to update and broaden these past statements that focused primarily on effects on the respiratory system. Since then, many studies have documented effects of air pollution on other organ systems, such as on the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. In addition, many new biomarkers of effects have been developed and applied in air pollution studies.This current report seeks to integrate the latest science into a general framework for interpreting the adversity of the human health effects of air pollution. Rather than trying to provide a catalogue of what is and what is not an adverse effect of air pollution, we propose a set of considerations that can be applied in forming judgments of the adversity of not only currently documented, but also emerging and future effects of air pollution on human health. These considerations are illustrated by the inclusion of examples for different types of health effects of air pollution.

scholarly journals Electronic cigarettes—A review of the physiological health effects

FACETS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 575-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Zucchet ◽  
Grégory Schmaltz
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Long Term Studies

Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are devices that are used recreationally or as smoking cessation tools, and have become increasingly popular in recent years. We conducted a review of the available literature to determine the health effects caused by the use of these devices. A heating element in the EC aerosolizes a solution of propylene glycol, glycerol, nicotine (optional), and flavouring (optional). These compounds are generally harmless on their own. However, upon heating, they produce various carcinogens and irritants. We found that concentrations of these toxicants vary significantly depending on the type of EC device, the type of EC liquid, and the smoking behaviour of the user. Exposure to these vapours can cause inflammation and oxidative damage to in vitro and in vivo cells. EC aerosol can also potentially affect organ systems and especially cardiovascular and lung function. We concluded that EC use causes acute effects on health but not as severe as those of conventional cigarettes (CCs). These devices could, therefore, be of use for smokers of CCs wishing to quit. However, as EC aerosol introduces new toxicants not found in CCs, long-term studies are needed to investigate possible chronic effects associated with EC use.

Heat exposure and workers’ health: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhyeong Lee ◽  
Yong Ho Lee ◽  
Won-Jun Choi ◽  
Seunghon Ham ◽  
Seong-Kyu Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Psychological System ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objectives Several studies on the health effects of heat exposure on workers have been reported; however, only few studies have summarized the overall and systematic health effects of heat exposure on workers. This study aims to review the scientific reports on the health status of workers exposed to high temperatures in the workplace. Methods We reviewed literature from databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify studies that address health effects of heat exposure among workers. Results In total, 459 articles were identified, and finally, 47 articles were selected. Various health effects of heat exposure on workers have been reported, such as heat-related diseases, deaths, accidents or injuries, effects on the urinary system, reproductive system, and on the psychological system. Conclusions Our review suggests that many workers are vulnerable to heat exposure, and this has a health effect on workers.

scholarly journals Combining Text Mining and Data Visualization Techniques to Understand Consumer Experiences of Electronic Cigarettes and Hookah in Online Forums

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie T. Chen ◽  
Shu-Hong Zhu ◽  
Mike Conway
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Consumer Experiences ◽  
Visualization Techniques

Our aim in this work is to apply text mining and novel visualization techniques to textual data derived from online health discussion forums in order to better understand consumers experiences and perceptions of electronic cigarettes and hookah.

scholarly journals Health Education; The Comparison Between With Leaflet and Video Using Local Language In Improving Teenager’s Knowledge of Adverse Health Effect of Smoking

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Andan Firmansyah ◽  
Asri Aprilia Rohman ◽  
Nurisriani Najamuddin ◽  
Rahmayanti Puang Kuma
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Adverse Health Effect ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
The People

Smoking is a usual activity that we always find in our society, although most of the people know the danger of it, the habit of smoking still can be found in a big amount in our society, especially in the teenage area, whose stand in the biggest amount of smoker in Indonesia in this present. Health education changes attitude of young generation through knowledge, which is influence by several elements, such as delivered information, manner or props used, and language. The purpose of this research was to identify the comparison of leaflets and videos using local language to improve knowledge of the adverse health effects of smoking in the teenager. This research used the Quasi Experiment design with Pretest and Posttest Two Group of 120 respondents. The questionnaire used to examine the knowledge of respondents. The result using the Wilcoxon test showed that leaflet and video with local language are equally effective to increase knowledge of respondents of the health effects of smoking(p= -0.000), mean score after intervention by using the local language leaflet is 1.98, and mean score by using local language video is 2.32. So, local video is more effective to improve the knowledge of teenagers about the danger of smoking than the use of local language leaflets.

The impact of Sahara dust on air quality and public health in European countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoqiao Wang ◽  
Jianwei Gu ◽  
Xurong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sahara Dust

<p>The frequent transport of Sahara dust toward Europe degrades the air quality and poses risk to human health. In this study we use GEOS-Chem (a global transport model) to examine the impact of Sahara dust on air quality and the consequent health effect in Europe for the year 2016–2017. The simualtion is conducted in a nested model with the native resolution of 0.25° × 0.3125° (Latitude × Logitude) over Europe (32.75°N–61.25°N, 15°W–40°E). The simulation on a global scale with a coarse horizontal resolution of 2° × 2.5° is also conducted to provide the boundary condition for the nested-grid simulation as well as aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the Sahara desert for model evaluation.</p><p>The model performance is evaluated by comparisons with surface observations including aerosol optical depth (AOD) from AERONET, and PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations from numerous air quality monitoring stations in European countries. Overall, the model well reproduces observed surface PM concentrations over most European countries with some underestimation in southern Europe. In addition, model AOD is highly correlated with AERONET data over both Sahara and European region.</p><p>The spatial distribution of dust concentrations, frequency of dust episodes, as well as the exposure and health effects are studied. The concentrations of Sahara dust decrease from 5–20 μg m<sup>-3</sup> in south to 0.5–1.0 μg m<sup>-3</sup> in north of Europe. Spain and Italy are most heavily influenced by Sahara dust in terms of both concentration levels and frequencies of occurrence. Strong dust episodes (>50 μg m<sup>-3</sup>) occur predominately in Southern Spain and Italy with frequency of 2–5%, while light dust episodes (>1 μg m<sup>-3</sup>) are often detected (5–30%) in Central and Western Europe.</p><p>The population-weighted dust concentrations are higher in Southern European countries (3.3–7.9 μg m<sup>-3</sup>) and lower in Western European countries (0.5–0.6 μg m<sup>-3</sup>). The health effects of exposure to dust is evaluated based on population attributable fraction (PAF). We use the relative risk (RR) value of 1.04 (95% confidence intervals: 1.00 – 1.09) per 10 µg m<sup>-3 </sup>of dust exposure based on the main model of Beelen et al. (2014). We estimate a total of 41884 (95% CI: 2110–81658) deaths per year attributed to the exposure to dust in the 13 European countries studied. Due to high contribution to PM<sub>10</sub> in Spain, Italy and Portugal, dust accounts for 44%, 27% and 22% of the total number of deaths linked to PM<sub>10</sub> exposure, respectively.</p>

scholarly journals Health effects of electronic cigarette (e‑cigarette) use on organ systems and its implications for public health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Seiler-Ramadas ◽  
Isabell Sandner ◽  
Sandra Haider ◽  
Igor Grabovac ◽  
Thomas Ernst Dorner
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Organ Systems

scholarly journals Aerosol exposure versus aerosol cooling of climate: what is the optimal emission reduction strategy for human health?

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 9441-9449 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Löndahl ◽  
E. Swietlicki ◽  
E. Lindgren ◽  
S. Loft
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
Ship Emissions ◽  
Aerosol Emissions

Abstract. Particles, climate change, and health have thought-provoking interactions. Air pollution is one of the largest environmental problems concerning human health. On the other hand, aerosol particles can have a cooling effect on climate and a reduction of those emissions may result in an increased temperature globally, which in turn may have negative health effects. The objective of this work was to investigate the "total health effects" of aerosol emissions, which include both exposure to particles and consequences for climate change initiated by particles. As a case study the "total health effect" from ship emissions was derived by subtracting the number of deaths caused by exposure with the estimated number of lives saved from the cooling effect of the emissions. The analysis showed that, with current level of scientific understanding, it could not be determined whether ship emissions are negative or positive for human health on a short time scale. This first attempt to approximate the combined effect of particle emissions on health shows that reductions of particulate air pollution will in some cases (black carbon) have win-win effects on health and climate, but sometimes also cause a shift from particle exposure-related health effects towards an increasing risk of health consequences from climate change. Thus, measures to reduce aerosol emissions have to be coupled with climate change mitigation actions to achieve a full health benefit on a global level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document