Biotechnology and Global Miscommunication with the Public: Rhetorical Assumptions, Stylistic Acts, Ethical Implications

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven B. Katz
Keyword(s):  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Implications

scholarly journals Die gesondheidsvoorligtingsfunksie van die verpleegkundige met betrekking tot mensgenetika

Curationis ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frieda Paton
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Implications

The nurse, as a key person in health services, has an essential role in health education regarding human and medical genetics. This education is given at both community and individual level. Genetics is however not a simple subject and health education in this regard must be approached with care. The nurse must always be sure of her own knowledge and always be alert to the moral en ethical implications of the information she is providing. Health education in human and medical genetics is however essential to make the public aware of the benefits provided by this relatively new and developing science.

scholarly journals The story is that there is no story: media framing of synthetic biology and its ethical implications in the New York Times (2005–2015)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. A02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Giordano ◽  
Yi-Lin Chung
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Media Framing ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Academic Ethics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Ethical Implications

Despite low public knowledge of synthetic biology, it is the focus of prominent government and academic ethics debates. We examine the “NY Times” media coverage of synthetic biology. Our results suggest that the story about synthetic biology remains ambiguous. We found this in four areas — 1) on the question of whether the field raises ethical concerns, 2) on its relationship to genetic engineering, 3) on whether or not it threatens ‘nature’, and 4) on the temporality of these concerns. We suggest that this ambiguity creates conditions in which there becomes no reason for the public at large to become involved.

Shaping Digital Democracy in the United States

2014 ◽  
pp. 213-231
Author(s):  
Rachel Baarda ◽  
Rocci Luppicini
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Public Sphere

Ethical challenges that technology poses to the different spheres of society are a core focus within the field of technoethics. Over the last few years, scholars have begun to explore the ethical implications of new digital technologies and social media, particularly in the realms of society and politics. A qualitative case study was conducted on Barack Obama's campaign social networking site, my.barackobama.com, in order to investigate the ways in which the website uses or misuses digital technology to create a healthy participatory democracy. For an analysis of ethical and non-ethical ways to promote participatory democracy online, the study included theoretical perspectives such as the role of the public sphere in a participatory democracy and the effects of political marketing on the public sphere. The case study included a content analysis of the website and interviews with members of groups on the site. The study's results are explored in this chapter.

Ethical and Privacy Implications of the use of Social Media during the Eyjafjallajokull Eruption Crisis

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Watson ◽  
Rachel L. Finn
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Ash Plume ◽  
Use Of Social Media

In a relatively new area of research for crisis management, this article presents a discussion of some of the privacy and ethical implications surrounding the use of social media in the event of a crisis. The article uses the travel chaos caused by the eruptions of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano in 2010 to contextualise the analysis. It begins by providing an overview of the use of social media in crisis management, before continuing to present two case studies of the use of social media by members of the public and the aviation industry during the crisis caused by the ash plume. The article then proceeds to examine some select ethical and privacy implications stemming from the use of social media such as privacy infringements and inequality. The article concludes by briefly summarising the findings and considering next steps for future research in this area.

Transgenesis in Farm Animals: Ethical Implications for Public Policy

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Mepham
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Freedom Of Choice ◽  
Ethical Evaluation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Transgenic Technologies

There is currently considerable investment in research aimed at producing transgenic farm animals with enhanced productive capacities. This article submits these prospective technologies to critical ethical evaluation. The analysis provided, focusing on issues relevant to public policy, suggests the need to introduce additional regulations governing the use of these technologies. Should their use be permitted in principle, specific legislation would seem to be required: (1) to protect the welfare of transgenic animals produced/kept in commercial enterprises; (2) to ensure the freedom of choice of purchasers of food and other products derived from transgenic animals by provision of adequate information on the source of the products; and (3) to provide a mechanism for limiting the use of transgenic technologies to those that are in the public interest.

Images of humanitarian crises: Ethical implications

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (315) ◽  
pp. 609-613
Author(s):  
Gilbert Holleufer
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
World View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Humanitarian Action ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
Visual Technologies

With the long-heralded advent of the information age, the upheaval caused by the proliferation of visual technologies in a society dominated by the media is forcing the entire spectrum of what used to be called “the press” to redefine itself, to reassess its professional code of ethics and to devise new working methods. Only by examining the role played by images in the global flow of information—especially their relationship to the written word—can we fully grasp what is at stake. Our world view is increasingly shaped by the images, televised or in print, to which the public is constantly exposed. Indeed, so great is their power that one can say, along with many analysts, that they are beginning to replace reality: only what has been authenticated, certified and validated by being photographed or filmed and shown on television really exists. As these images bombard us from all sides, everything that has not been seen captured on film is reduced to oblivion. What makes the power of images so irresistible?Images impart values. They attract or repel. They appeal to our imagination, play on our feelings and rouse us from our complacency: in other words, images stir our conscience because they purport to show us, in the raw, the unadorned, indisputable reality of things as they are. That is television's great ambition, that is its purpose; and that is what prompted Régis Debray to say that “television is fond of humanitarian stories since they are both human interest stories and moral tales”. Over the years, images of humanitarian action have invaded the media and fired people's imagination.

scholarly journals Public Perception of the Vegetative State/Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome: A Crowdsourced Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kondziella ◽  
Man Cheung Cheung ◽  
Anirban Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Treatment Withdrawal ◽  
Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Common Mean ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Brain Injured ◽  
Sizeable Minority

Background: The vegetative state (VS)/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) denotes brain-injured, awake patients who are seemingly without awareness. Still, up to 15% of these patients show signs of covert consciousness when examined by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or EEG, which is known as cognitive motor dissociation (CMD). Most experts prefer the term unresponsive wakefulness syndrome to avoid the negative connotations associated with vegetative state and to highlight the possibility for CMD. However, the perception of VS/UWS by the public has never been studied systematically. Methods: Using an online crowdsourcing platform, we recruited 1297 participants from 32 countries. We investigated if vegetative state and unresponsive wakefulness syndrome might have a different influence on attitudes towards VS/UWS and CMD. Results: Participants randomized to be inquired about the vegetative state believed that CMD was less common (mean estimated frequency in unresponsive patients 38.07% ± SD 25.15) than participants randomized to unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (42.29% ± SD 26.63; p=0.016). Attitudes towards treatment withdrawal were similar. Most participants preferred unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (60.05%), although a sizeable minority favored vegetative state (24.21%; difference 35.84%, 95% CI 29.36 to 41.87; p<0.0001). Searches on PubMed and Google Trends revealed that unresponsive wakefulness syndrome is increasingly used by academics but not lay people.Discussion: Simply replacing vegetative state with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome may not be fully appropriate given that 1 of 4 prefer the first term. We suggest that physicians take advantage of the controversy around the terminology to explain relatives the concept of CMD and its ethical implications.

scholarly journals Ishi, Briet's Antelope, and the Documentality of Human Documents

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Nord
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Human Documents

Ishi, the “last wild Indian in North America,” was “discovered” in 1911 and spent the last years of his life living in an anthropology museum. There he was studied by anthropologists and viewed by the public as a living exhibit. In this paper, I take some initial steps in arguing that Ishi, the person, became a document to most people. The similarities between Ishi and Suzanne Briet’s hypothetical antelope, newly discovered and placed in a zoo, are eerie. Ishi, like the antelope, is brought into public knowledge as both an initial document and a wide variety of secondary documents derived from the original. Ishi, however, is also not a document, making the comparison to the antelope eerie. Bernd Frohmann’s concept of “documentality” helps us make sense of this fluctuation in Ishi’s status as a document. Ishi’s story, in turn, sheds light on the ethical implications of documentality for all humans.

An Overview of Ethics, Public Health Policy, and Politics

2019 ◽  
pp. 813-819
Author(s):  
Adnan A. Hyder ◽  
David M. Bishai
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Implications

An understanding of what influences policy decisions, what determines investments for specific public health interventions, and how agreements are made regarding new programs in public health is crucial for helping navigate the ethical implications of public health programs and interventions. This chapter provides an overview of the Public Health Policy and Politics section of The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics. The section’s overall goal is to highlight ethical issues emerging from the work in, and study of, politics and policy development in public health, both within countries and globally. The chapters in this section analyze a set of ethical issues related to politics and public health policies, interventions, and programs, and emphasize the importance of communication among various disciplines, such as bioethics, political science, and development studies.

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