scholarly journals Time-Delayed Response of the Solar Total Irradiance Variation to Long-Term Solar Magnetic Cycle Amplitude Modulation as Inferred by Sunspot Relative Number and Isotope Data of 10Be in the Greenland Ice Core and Land Air Temperature Variation of the Earth.

1996 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirokazu YOSHIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Magnetic Cycle ◽  
Solar Magnetic Cycle ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Cycle Amplitude ◽  
Total Irradiance ◽  
Sunspot Relative Number

scholarly journals Analyses of relationship between Loess Plateau erosion and sunspots based on wavelet transform

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gao ◽  
X.-M. Mu ◽  
R. Li ◽  
F. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Morlet Wavelet ◽  
Sunspot Activity ◽  
Sediment Discharge ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Sunspot Relative Number

Abstract. Loess Plateau is one of the worst soil erosion regions in the world, which may resulted from various factors such as precipitation, land cover and land use, soil, vegetation, human intervention, as well as solar activities. The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between soil erosion and sunspot activity on the Loess Plateau, through analyses of the sunspot relative number and the long-term sediment discharge series in Longmen station in the Yellow River based on the Morlet wavelet method. In this paper, annual sediment discharge series from 1919–2008 in Longmen station and the sunspot relative number were decomposed with Complex Morlet wavelet. The results of real part, modulus and the second power of modulus showed an obvious periodic variability in sediment discharge, with 25–40 years, about 10 years, and less than 10 years scales. There are six centers of energy. From the wavelet variance, 6, 12, and 35 years periods were detected within 50-year scale, and the 35-year period is the most significant one. Similar analyses were conducted for the sunspot relative number during the same period of 1919–2008. The sunspot series showed an 11-year periodic variation, and two energy center. Then, the correlation analyses for 11-year scale were computed. From a long-term period (1919–2008) view, there is no significant correlation between the sediment discharge and the sunspot relative number; however, it is evident that the correlations exist in short-term periods. The results also indicate that the relationships between solar activities and the erosion of the Loess Plateau are complicated.

scholarly journals The Importance of Spatial Information in Sunspot Records

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 334-337
Author(s):  
John M. Brooke ◽  
Jaan Pelt ◽  
Pentti Pulkkinen ◽  
Ilka Tuominen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Magnetic Equator ◽  
Magnetic Cycle ◽  
Solar Magnetic Cycle ◽  
Continuous Record

AbstractWe show that the spatial information in historical sunspot records, in particular the latitude of the spots, can be of great importance in determining the long term behaviour of the solar magnetic cycle. We examine a continuous record of sunspots with full spatial data from 1853-1996 compiled from the records of Carrington, Spörer, the GPR and SOON. Analysis of the latitudinally-weighted observations indicates that there is a previously unremarked oscillation of the solar magnetic equator with a period of approximately 90 years.

Cities Created by Modernity: A Fengshui Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-499
Author(s):  
Michael John Paton
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Chinese Art ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Human Habitation

The 2011 tsunami had a devastating effect on the east coast of Japan. Particularly poignant were the century-old markers on hillsides warning against building anywhere below. Nevertheless, such wisdom from traditional knowledge was disregarded because of the perceived invulnerability of the modern. This paper attempts to garner such traditional empirical knowledge regarding the siting of towns and cities by considering the Chinese art/science of fengshui (wind and water) or dili (principles of the earth), the original purpose of which was to site human habitation in the most favourable places for long term survival. This knowledge is then used to consider the placement of cities created by modernity, those founded on and flourishing through the advent of globalisation, such as Hong Kong, Shanghai, St Petersburg, and Sydney.

Late Accretion and the Origin of Water on Terrestrial Planets in the Solar System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Gillmann ◽  
Gregor Golabek ◽  
Sean Raymond ◽  
Paul Tackley ◽  
Maria Schonbachler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Terrestrial Planets ◽  
Evolutionary Pathway ◽  
Giant Impact ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Surface Liquid ◽  
Venus Atmosphere

<p>Terrestrial planets in the Solar system generally lack surface liquid water. Earth is at odd with this observation and with the idea of the giant Moon-forming impact that should have vaporized any pre-existing water, leaving behind a dry Earth. Given the evidence available, this means that either water was brought back later or the giant impact could not vaporize all the water.</p><p>We have looked at Venus for answers. Indeed, it is an example of an active planet that may have followed a radically different evolutionary pathway despite the similar mechanisms at work and probably comparable initial conditions. However, due to the lack of present-day plate tectonics, volatile recycling, and any surface liquid oceans, the evolution of Venus has likely been more straightforward than that of the Earth, making it easier to understand and model over its long term evolution.</p><p>Here, we investigate the long-term evolution of Venus using self-consistent numerical models of global thermochemical mantle convection coupled with both an atmospheric evolution model and a late accretion N-body delivery model. We test implications of wet and dry late accretion compositions, using present-day Venus atmosphere measurements. Atmospheric losses are only able to remove a limited amount of water over the history of the planet. We show that late accretion of wet material exceeds this sink. CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> contributions serve as additional constraints.</p><p>Water-rich asteroids colliding with Venus and releasing their water as vapor cannot explain the composition of Venus atmosphere as we measure it today. It means that the asteroidal material that came to Venus, and thus to Earth, after the giant impact must have been dry (enstatite chondrites), therefore preventing the replenishment of the Earth in water. Because water can obviously be found on our planet today, it means that the water we are now enjoying on Earth has been there since its formation, likely buried deep in the Earth so it could survive the giant impact. This in turn suggests that suggests that planets likely formed with their near-full budget in water, and slowly lost it with time.</p>

Long-term legacy of delayed climate mitigation in global glacier response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Maussion ◽  
Quentin Lejeune ◽  
Ben Marzeion ◽  
Matthias Mengel ◽  
David Rounce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Glacier Change ◽  
Mountain Glaciers ◽  
Glacier Runoff ◽  
The Impact

<p>Mountain glaciers have a delayed response to climate change and are expected to continue to melt long after greenhouse gas emissions have stopped, with consequences both for sea-level rise and water resources. In this contribution, we use the Open Global Glacier Model (OGGM) to compute global glacier volume and runoff changes until the year 2300 under a suite of stylized greenhouse gas emission characterized by (i) the year at which anthropogenic emissions culminate, (ii) their reduction rates after peak emissions and (iii) whether they lead to a long-term global temperature stabilization or decline. We show that even under scenarios that achieve the Paris Agreement goal of holding global-mean temperature below 2 °C, glacier contribution to sea-level rise will continue well beyond 2100. Because of this delayed response, the year of peak emissions (i.e. the timing of mitigation action) has a stronger influence on mit-term global glacier change than other emission scenario characteristics, while long-term change is dependent on all factors. We also discuss the impact of early climate mitigation on regional glacier change and the consequences for glacier runoff, both short-term (where some basins are expected to experience an increase of glacier runoff) and long-term (where all regions are expecting a net-zero or even negative glacier contribution to total runoff), underlining the importance of mountain glaciers for regional water availability at all timescales.</p>

scholarly journals 22 Year Solar Magnetic Cycle and its relation to Convection Zone Dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S340) ◽  
pp. 9-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Jain ◽  
Sushanta Tripathy ◽  
Rudolf Komm ◽  
Frank Hill ◽  
Rosaria Simoniello
Keyword(s):  
Convection Zone ◽  
Magnetic Cycle ◽  
Solar Magnetic Cycle ◽  
Local Properties ◽  
Global And Local

AbstractUsing continuous observations for 22 years from ground-based network GONG and space-borne instruments MDI onboard SoHO and HMI onboard SDO, we report both global and local properties of the convection zone and their variations with time.

scholarly journals Geosystemics and Earthquakes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo De Santis ◽  
Gianfranco Cianchini ◽  
Rita Di Giovambattista ◽  
Cristoforo Abbattista ◽  
Lucilla Alfonsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Solid Earth ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Complex Dynamical System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Earth’S Interior

Abstract. Geosystemics (De Santis 2009, 2014) studies the Earth system as a whole focusing on the possible coupling among the Earth layers (the so called geo-layers), and using universal tools to integrate different methods that can be applied to multi-parameter data, often taken on different platforms. Its main objective is to understand the particular phenomenon of interest from a holistic point of view. In this paper we will deal with earthquakes, considered as a long term chain of processes involving, not only the interaction between different components of the Earth’s interior, but also the coupling of the solid earth with the above neutral and ionized atmosphere, and finally culminating with the main rupture along the fault of concern (De Santis et al., 2015a). Some case studies (particular emphasis is given to recent central Italy earthquakes) will be discussed in the frame of the geosystemic approach for better understanding the physics of the underlying complex dynamical system.

scholarly journals Water vapor total column measurements using the Elodie Archive at Observatoire de Haute Provence from 1994 to 2004

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1075-1097
Author(s):  
A. Sarkissian ◽  
J. Slusser
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Water Vapor Absorption ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Vapor Absorption ◽  
On Line ◽  
High Resolution Spectrometer ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
Resolution Spectrometer ◽  
Total Column

Abstract. Water vapor total column measurements at Observatoire de Haute Provence (5°42' E, +43°55' N), south of France, were obtained using observations of astronomical objects made between July 1994 and December 2004 on the 193-cm telescope with the high-resolution spectrometer Elodie. Spectra of stars, nebulae, and other astronomical objects were taken regularly during 10 years. More than 18 000 spectra from 400 nm to 680 nm are available on-line in the Elodie Archive. This archive, usually explored by astronomers, contains information to study the atmosphere of the Earth. Water vapor absorption lines appear in the visible in delimited bands that astronomers often avoid for their spectral analysis. We used the Elodie Archive with two objectives: firstly, to retrieve seasonal variability and long-term trend of atmospheric water vapor, and secondly, to remove signatures in spectra for further astronomical or geophysical use. The tools presented here are developed following, when possible, formats and standards recommended by the International Virtual Observatory Alliance.

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