scholarly journals Peculiarities of Metabolism of Rats with Fructose-induced Insulin Resistance Against the Background of Congenital and Acquired Iodine Deficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasyl Stetseviat
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Increased Risk

Animals following a high-fructose diet during eight weeks, have experienced changes in metabolism and the signs of insulin resistance have developed. Under such conditions, moderate hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperuricemia, an increase of the level of glycosylated hemoglobin in whole blood were observed. The significant role of the HOMA-IR index, as an early marker of carbohydrate metabolism disorders at the stage of pre-diabetes, has been confirmed. In experimental animals against the background of the high-fructose diet, the changes in the lipid spectrum of the blood were revealed: an increase of the total cholesterol level, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides against the background of a high-density lipoproteins decrease. These disorders and a significant increase of the atherogenicity reflect the development of secondary dyslipidemia. In this case, the disorders of carbohydrate metabolism were combined with the degree of dyslipidemia. Males were found to have at increased risk of development the insulin resistance and comorbid pathology. Iodine deficiency, especially of congenital nature, is an aggravating factor of metabolic disorders. The obtained data can serve as a basis for extend of preventive measures and identification of the priority treatment schemes for type 2 diabetes mellitus in residents of endemic regions.

scholarly journals Role of angiopoietin-like protein 3 in sugar-induced dyslipidemia in rhesus macaques: suppression by fish oil or RNAi

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew A. Butler ◽  
James L. Graham ◽  
Kimber L. Stanhope ◽  
So Wong ◽  
Sarah King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Metabolic Dysregulation ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Increased Risk

Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) inhibits lipid clearance and is a promising target for managing cardiovascular disease. Here we investigated the effects of a high-sugar (high-fructose) diet on circulating ANGPTL3 concentrations in rhesus macaques. Plasma ANGPTL3 concentrations increased ∼30% to 40% after 1 and 3 months of a high-fructose diet (both P < 0.001 vs. baseline). During fructose-induced metabolic dysregulation, plasma ANGPTL3 concentrations were positively correlated with circulating indices of insulin resistance [assessed with fasting insulin and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)], hypertriglyceridemia, adiposity (assessed as leptin), and systemic inflammation [C-reactive peptide (CRP)] and negatively correlated with plasma levels of the insulin-sensitizing hormone adropin. Multiple regression analyses identified a strong association between circulating APOC3 and ANGPTL3 concentrations. Higher baseline plasma levels of both ANGPTL3 and APOC3 were associated with an increased risk for fructose-induced insulin resistance. Fish oil previously shown to prevent insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia in this model prevented increases of ANGPTL3 without affecting systemic inflammation (increased plasma CRP and interleukin-6 concentrations). ANGPTL3 RNAi lowered plasma concentrations of ANGPTL3, triglycerides (TGs), VLDL-C, APOC3, and APOE. These decreases were consistent with a reduced risk of atherosclerosis. In summary, dietary sugar-induced increases of circulating ANGPTL3 concentrations after metabolic dysregulation correlated positively with leptin levels, HOMA-IR, and dyslipidemia. Targeting ANGPTL3 expression with RNAi inhibited dyslipidemia by lowering plasma TGs, VLDL-C, APOC3, and APOE levels in rhesus macaques.

THE INTENSITY OF OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION OF PROTEINS AND PEROXIDATION OF LIPIDS IN THE BLOOD SERUM, BRAIN, LIVER AND PANCREAS TISSUES OF RATS WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE AND CONGENITAL IODINE DEFICIENCY

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
V. B. Stetsevyat ◽  
N. M. Voronych-Semchenko
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Peroxidation Of Lipids ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Oxidative Modification Of Proteins ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
Dependent Processes

The results of the study about the nature of oxygen-dependent processes in rats that were on a high-fructose diet for 8 weeks under conditions of adequate iodine supply and congenital iodine deprivation is presented in the article. The significant activation of peroxide oxidation of proteins (by increasing the aldo- and keto-derivates of a neutral nature) and lipids (increased of diene conjugates content and products, that are responsible to thiobarbituric acid) of animals with insulin resistance was found. An aggravating factor in the course of these processes is a congenital iodine deficiency. The changes of oxidative modification of proteins in animals with congenital iodine deficiency had multidirectional character, and processes of lipid peroxidation mainly increased. The most pronounced changes of the studied processes were observed in the liver and pancreas of animals with insulin resistance against the background of congenital iodine deficiency.

scholarly journals Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Influence Liver Triacylglycerol and Insulin Resistance in Rats Fed a High-Fructose Diet

Marine Drugs ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1864-1881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Salim de Castro ◽  
Rafael Deminice ◽  
Livia Cordeiro Simões-Ambrosio ◽  
Philip C. Calder ◽  
Alceu A. Jordão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid

scholarly journals The Role of Fetuin-A in Disease Processes Prevalent in Postmenopausal Women (El papel de la fetuina A en los procesos de enfermedad prevalentes en mujeres posmenopáusicas)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 172-179
Author(s):  
Annie A. Bane ◽  
Peter W. Grandjean
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Fetuin A ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Resistencia A La Insulina ◽  
Low Levels

The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of fetuin-A in disease processes prevalent in postmenopausal women and synthesize effective interventions in obtaining healthy fetuin-A levels. A review of databases for articles related to fetuin-A and diseases associated with postmenopausal women was conducted. Articles were limited to full-text access, published in English since 1944. High fetuin-A levels are closely associated with decreased bone mineral density, increased cardiovascular disease risks, impairment of insulin signaling and disruption of adipocyte functioning. Postmenopausal women have increased risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, insulin-resistance, intra-abdominal fat accumulation and vascular calcification. Low-levels of fetuin-A have been shown to be protective against the latter. The role of fetuin-A is multi-factorial and the mechanisms in which it is involved in each of these processes are vast. The present body of literature is inconsistent in defining high versus low levels of fetuin-A and their association with healthy-matched controls. The diseases associated with high levels of fetuin-A mimic diseases most prevalent in postmenopausal women. In addition, there is no research, to date, exploring fetuin-A levels in postmenopausal women and the associations it may or may not have in related diseases.Key words: fetuin-A; Alpha2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein; cardiovascular disease; and elderly, insulin-resistance, intra-abdominal fat, metabolic syndrome, exercise, weight-loss, calorie restriction and postmenopausal.Resumen. El propósito de esta revisión es sintetizar el papel de la fetuina A en los procesos de enfermedad prevalentes en mujeres posmenopáusicas y resumir las intervenciones efectivas que permiten obtener niveles saludables de fetuina A. Para ello, se revisaron bases de datos con artículos relacionados con fetuina A y las enfermedades asociadas con mujeres posmenopáusicas. La búsqueda de artículos se limitó a aquellos de texto completo publicados en el idioma inglés desde el año 1944. Se encontró que altos niveles de fetuina A están íntimamente relacionados con una reducción de la densidad mineral ósea, un aumento en el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, deterioro de la señalización de la insulina y la alteración del funcionamiento de los adipocitos. Las mujeres posmenopáusicas tienen un mayor riesgo de osteoporosis, enfermedad cardiovascular, resistencia a la insulina, acumulación de grasa intra abdominal y calcificación vascular. Se ha demostrado que niveles bajos de fetuina A son protectores contra esta última condición. El papel de fetuina A es multifactorial y los mecanismos en los que está involucrado en cada uno de estos procesos son muy amplios. El estado actual de la literatura no es consistente en la definición de niveles de fetuina A altos versus bajos y su asociación con controles sanos. Las enfermedades asociadas con altos niveles de fetuina A asemejan las enfermedades más prevalentes en mujeres posmenopáusicas. Además, no existen investigaciones, hasta la fecha, en las que se   exploren los niveles de fetuina A en mujeres posmenopáusicas y las asociaciones que puede o no puede tener en las enfermedades relacionadas.Palabras claves: fetuina A, glicoproteína Alpha2-Heremans-Schmid, enfermedad cardiovascular, adulto mayor, resistencia a la insulina, grasa intra abdominal, síndrome metabólico, ejercicio, pérdida de peso, restricción calórica, posmenopausia.

Influence of insulin resistance on the course of ischemic stroke in the acute period

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
L. B. NOVIKOVA ◽  
◽  
G. I. IZHBULDINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Acute Period

Among the reasons that increase the risk of stroke, its severity and outcome, a special place is given to disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. However, to date, there is no consensus on the role of hyperglycemia in stroke, whether it is physiological or pathological. The purpose to study the effect of insulin resistance on the course and clinical outcome of ischemic stroke (IS) in the acute period. Material and methods. A total of 862 patients with IS (370 men, 492 women), mean age was 66,1 ± 10,8 years. The degree of neurological deficit (NIHSS scale) and clinical outcome were assessed. When admitted to hospital, the level of glycemia, insulin, and C-peptide in the fasting blood were found. Results. In 186 (21,6%) patients type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) was diagnosed. In 27,8% of patients without DM and 76,3% of patients with DM hyperglycemia was detected. In patients without DM with hyperglycemia, compared with patients with normoglycemia, a higher representation of severe neurological deficit (by 14,7%), a lower frequency of noticeable positive dynamics (by 14,8%), and a higher mortality rate (by 11,5%) were found. In patients with DM, hyperglycemia was associated with a lower incidence of noticeable positive dynamics (by 27,7%). The development of IS is accompanied by an increase in the blood level of C-peptide more than twice. High values of the C-peptide/insulin ratio are associated with a higher frequency of severe neurological deficit in patients with DM (by 32,4%) and without DM (by 23,8%), and a decrease in the incidence of noticeable positive dynamics (by 23,5% and 20,9%, respectively). Conclusion. Development of IS is characterized by high representation of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. The severity of glucose metabolism disorders is interrelated with the severity and clinical outcome of the disease.

Role of high-fructose diet in experimental induction of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
AssmaaM.F. Abdel-Aziz El Sheikh ◽  
SobhyA El-Hamid Hassan ◽  
ManalM El-Batch ◽  
SohaS Zakareia
Keyword(s):  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Experimental Induction ◽  
High Fructose

Favorable effects of Globularia alypum on cardiometabolic markers in high fructose-fed rats

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmina Bahlil ◽  
Djamil Krouf ◽  
Zoheir Mellouk ◽  
Nawal Taleb-Dida ◽  
Akila Guenzet
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Globularia Alypum ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

Purpose This study aims to examine whether Globularia alypum (Ga) lyophilized aqueous leaves extract treatment improves cardiometabolic syndromes such as hyperglycemia, lipid profiles and oxidative damage resulting from a high-fructose diet induced in hypertriglyceridemic rats. Design/methodology/approach A total of 24 male Wistar rats weighing 80 ± 5 g were first randomly divided into 2 groups. A total of 12 control rats (C) were fed a standard-diet (St-D) and 12 high fructose (HF) rats were fed a high-fructose diet (HF-D) containing St-D in which cornstarch was substituted by fructose (61.4%). After 15 weeks of feeding, body weight (BW) was about 320 ± 20 g and hypertriglyceridemia was noted in HF vs C group (2.69 ± 0.49 mmol/L) vs (1.25 ± 0.33 mmol/L). Each group of rats was then divided into two equal groups (n = 6) and fed during four weeks either a St-D or HF-D, treated or not with 1% of Ga extract (C-Ga) and (HF-Ga). After 28 days, fasting rats were anesthetized and blood and tissues were removed to measure biochemical parameters. Findings The results showed no significant differences in BW and insulinemia between all groups. Ga extract supplementation reduced glycemia (−36%), glycosylated hemoglobin (−37%), Homeostasis Model of Assessment-Insulin Resistance index (−34%) and triacylglycerol’s contents in plasma (−33%), very low density lipoproteins–low density lipoproteins (VLDL-LDL) (−48%), liver (−52%) and aorta (−39%); total cholesterol concentrations in aorta was 3.7-fold lower in HF-Ga vs HF group. Ga treatment reduced lipid peroxidation in plasma, VLDL-LDL, red blood cells (RBC), liver, muscle and kidney by improving superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in RBC and catalase (CAT) activity in kidney (p < 0.05). Moreover, Ga ameliorates glutathione (GSH) production in RBC (+41%) and kidney tissues (+35%). Originality/value Ga extract ameliorated cardiometabolic syndrome by its hypotriglyceridemic effect and prevented development of insulin resistance. It reduces lipid peroxidation by enhancing non-enzymatic (GSH) and enzymatic (SOD, GPx and CAT) antioxidant defense systems in high-fructose hypertriglyceridemic rats. Therefore, supplementation of Ga leaves extract as an adjuvant could be used for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and the prevention and/or the management of cardio-metabolic adverse effects.

Sea cucumbers-derived sterol sulfate alleviates insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat-high-fructose diet-induced obese mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 105191
Author(s):  
Hui-Juan Zhang ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Lin Ding ◽  
Hao-Hao Shi ◽  
Cheng-Cheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document